![]() | Health and Environment in Sustainable Development - Five Years after the Earth Summit (WHO, 1991, 128 p.) |
![]() | ![]() | Part II. Essential media and reagents for isolation and identification of clinical pathogens |
![]() | ![]() | Priority grading of pathogens, culture media, and diagnostic reagents |
Common pathogens
Pathogens with high priority
Salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi
Shigella
Vibrio cholerae serogroup 01, noncholerae vibrios, Aeromonas and Plesiomonas
Pathogens with intermediate priority
non-typhoid salmonellae and Edwardsiella
Yersinia enterocolitica
Campylobacter jejuni
Clostridium difficile
Pathogens with low priority
Escherichia coli (enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, enteroinvasive, and enterohaemorrhagic)
Culture media and diagnostic reagents
Transport media |
Priority code |
Cary-Blair medium (for all pathogens) |
1 |
buffered glycerol saline (not for Vibrio and Campylobacter) |
2 |
Enrichment media | |
selenite F broth |
2 |
alkaline peptone water |
2 |
Isolation media | |
MacConkey agar (with crystal violet) |
1 |
deoxycholate citrate agar (can be replaced by Salmonella-Shigella agar) |
1 |
TCBS agar (can be replaced by Monsurs TTG agar) |
1 |
Campylobacter medium: Columbia agar base or any blood agar base with lysed blood and antibiotic supplement |
2 |
Clostridium difficile selective medium |
3 |
Preliminary identification media and reagents | |
Kligler iron agar (KIA) (may be replaced by triple sugar iron agar (TSI) but only for enteric pathogens) |
1 |
motility-indole-urease medium (MIU) (may be replaced by motility test medium + peptone urea broth) |
1 |
Kovacs reagent for indole |
1 |
oxidase reagent |
1 |
Specific identification media and reagents | |
Biochemical | |
ONPG test (disc) |
2 |
lysine decarboxylase broth (Mr base) |
2 |
Simmons citrate agar |
2 |
Andrade peptone water (or phenol red broth base) |
2 |
acetate agar |
3 |
DNase agar |
3 |
vibriostatic compound 0/129 disc |
3 |
Serological: agglutinating antisera
|
Priority code | |
Salmonella: |
polyvalent 0 |
1 |
S. typhi: |
anti OD (9, 12), anti H: d, anti Vi |
1 |
S. typhimurium: |
anti 0: 4, 5 (B), anti H: i |
2 |
Shigella: |
polyvalent flexneri, sonnei, boydii, dysenteriae, specific anti-Shigella dysenteriae 1 (Shiga) |
1 |
Vibrio: |
polyvalent 0:1 |
1 |
|
specific anti-ogawa and anti-inaba |
3 |