![]() | Radio and Electronics (DED Philippinen, 66 p.) |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 1. INTRODUCTION |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 1.1. A TRIAL TO STATE A DEFINITION OF ELECTRONICS |
![]() | ![]() | 1.2. A SHORT HISTORY OF ELECTRONICS |
![]() | ![]() | 1.3. CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES |
![]() | ![]() | 2. PRINCIPLES OF RADIO COMMUNICATION UNICATION |
![]() | ![]() | 2.1. BASICAL IDEAS ABOUT COMMUNICATION |
![]() | ![]() | 2.2. DEVELOPMENT OF LONG DISTANCE COMMUNICATION |
![]() | ![]() | 2.3. FIDELITY AND DISTORTION |
![]() | ![]() | 3. TRANSDUCERS |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 3.1. MICROPHONES |
![]() | ![]() | 3.2. LOUDSPEAKERS |
![]() | ![]() | 3.3. THE TELEPHON SYSTEM |
![]() | ![]() | 3.4. PROBLEM OF FREQUENCY RANGES |
![]() | ![]() | 3.5. BANDWIDTH |
![]() | ![]() | 4. RADIOWAVES |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 4.1. ORIGIN OF RADIOWAVES |
![]() | ![]() | 4.2. PARAMETERS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES |
![]() | ![]() | 4.3. PROPAGATION OF RADIOWAVES |
![]() | ![]() | 4.4. SPECTRUM OF RADIOWAVES AND BANDS OF RADIOWAVES |
![]() | ![]() | 5. MODULATION OF RADIOWAVES |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 5.1. THE AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM) |
![]() | ![]() | 5.2. FREQUENCY MODULATION (FM) |
![]() | ![]() | 5.3. SIDEBANDS |
![]() | ![]() | 5.4. TRANSMISSION OF RADIOSIGNALS |
![]() | ![]() | 6. RECEPTION OF RADIOSIGNALS (AM - TYPE) |
![]() | ![]() | 6.1. AERIAL |
![]() | ![]() | 6.2. THE TUNED CIRCUIT |
![]() | ![]() | 6.3. INCIDENTAL REMARK ON BLOCK DIAGRAMS |
![]() | ![]() | 6.4. DETECTOR OR DEMODULATOR |
![]() | ![]() | 6.5. POWER SUPPLY |
![]() | ![]() | 6.6. AMPLIFIER |
![]() | ![]() | 6.7. SUPERHET RECEIVER (the SUPER) |
![]() | ![]() | 6.8 INCIDENTAL REMARK ON MIXING FREQUENCIES |
![]() | ![]() | 6.9. CONSTRUCTION OF A SUPERHETRADIO |
![]() | ![]() | 7. COMPONENTS OF MODERN RADIO RECEIVERS |
![]() | ![]() | 7.1.1. HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS |
![]() | ![]() | 7.1.2. HANDLING OF PRINTED CIRCUITS |
![]() | ![]() | 7.1.3. DIFFERENTIATION OF COMPONENTS |
![]() | ![]() | 8. PASSIVE COMPONENTS |
![]() | ![]() | 8.1. RESISTORS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS |
![]() | ![]() | 8.2. CAPACITORS |
![]() | ![]() | 8.3. INDUCTORS |
![]() | ![]() | 8.4. COMBINATION OF PASSIVE COMPONENTS |
![]() | ![]() | 8.4.1. SERIES CONNECTION OF R AND C, OR R AND L |
![]() | ![]() | 8.4.2. COMBINATION OF L AND C, RESONANT (TUNED) CIRCUITS |
![]() | ![]() | 8.4.3. TUNED CIRCUIT CONNECTED TO AN AC-VOLTAGE |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 8.4.4.1. QUALITY OF TUNED CIRCUITS |
![]() | ![]() | 8.4.4.2. BANDWIDTH |
![]() | ![]() | 9. ACTIVE COMPONENTS -1- DIODES |
![]() | ![]() | 9.1. CHARACTERISTICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS |
![]() | ![]() | 9.2. THE PN-JUNCTION OR DIODE |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 9.2.1. PN-JUNCTION CONNECTED TO VOLTAGE |
![]() | ![]() | 9.2.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF A PN-JUNCTION OR DIODE |
![]() | ![]() | 9.2.3. ZENERDIODE |
![]() | ![]() | 10. BLOCKS OF RADIOS / -1- / POWER SUPPLIES |
![]() | ![]() | 10.1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS |
![]() | ![]() | 10.2. TRANSFORMER |
![]() | ![]() | 10.3. THE RECTIFIERS. |
![]() | ![]() | 10.4. SMOOTHING AND FILTER CIRCUITS |
![]() | ![]() | 10.4.1. THE RESERVOIR CAPACITOR |
![]() | ![]() | 10.4.2. FILTER CIRCUITS |
![]() | ![]() | 10.5. STABILIZATION |
![]() | ![]() | 10.5.1. GENERAL REMARKS |
![]() | ![]() | 10.5.1.1. LOAD VARIATIONS |
![]() | ![]() | 10.5.1.2. INTERNAL RESISTANCE OF VOLTAGESOURCES |
![]() | ![]() | 10.5.1.3. PROBLEMS CAUSED BY THE SMOOTHING CIRCUIT |
![]() | ![]() | 10.5.5. METHODS OF STABILIZATION |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 10.5.5.1. PARALLEL-STABILIZATION |
![]() | ![]() | 10.5.2.2. SERIES STABILIZATION |
![]() | ![]() | 11. ACTIVE COMPONENTS -2- / TRANSISTORS |
![]() | ![]() | 11.1. CONSTRUCTION OF A TRANSISTOR |
![]() | ![]() | 11.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSISTORS |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 11.2.1 HANDLING OF CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSISTORS |
![]() | ![]() | 11.2.1.1. CONSTRUCTION OF THE STATIC-MUTUAL-CHARACTERISTICS |
![]() | ![]() | 11.2.1.2. CONSTRUCTION OF THE DYNAMIC MUTUAL CHARACTERISTICS |
![]() | ![]() | 11.2.1.3. CONSTRUCTION OF THE MAXIMUM-POWER-LINE |
![]() | ![]() | 12. AMPLIFIERS |
![]() | ![]() | (introduction...) |
![]() | ![]() | 12.1. STRUCTURE OF A CLASS A AMPLIFIER |
![]() | ![]() | 12.2. FUNCTION OF A SIMPLE CLASS A AMPLIFIER |
![]() | ![]() | 12.3. ADVANCED CLASS A AMPLIFIER |
![]() | ![]() | 12.4. STABILIZATION OF THE QUIESCENT VOLTAGE |
![]() | ![]() | 13. CLASS B AMPLIFIERS |
![]() | ![]() | 13.1. LIMITS OF CLASS A AMPLIFIERS |
![]() | ![]() | 13.2. CLASS B AMPLIFIERS WITH TRANSFORMERS |
![]() | ![]() | 13.3. CLASS B AMPLIFIERS WITHOUT TRANSFORMERS |
![]() | ![]() | 13.4. POWER AMPLIFIER WITH COMPLIMENTARY TRANSISTORS. |
![]() | ![]() | 14. DETECTOR OR DEMODULATOR |
![]() | ![]() | 15. AGC-AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL |
![]() | ![]() | 16. IF-AMPLIFIERS |
![]() | ![]() | 17. FEEDBACK |
![]() | ![]() | 18. OSCILLATORS |
![]() | ![]() | 19. FREQUENCY CHANGERS MIXERSTAGE |
![]() | ![]() | 20. DECOUPLING CIRCUITS |
![]() | ![]() | 21. MATCHING OF AMPLIFIERSTAGES |
![]() | ![]() | 22. COUPLING OF AMPLIFIERSTAGES |
![]() | ![]() | 23. RADIO SERVICING |
![]() | ![]() | 23.1. IMPORTANCE AND SUBJECT OF FAULT FINDING |
![]() | ![]() | 23.2. FAULTS AND FAULT FINDING |
![]() | ![]() | 23.3. FAULT FINDING METHODS |
![]() | ![]() | 24. THE USE OF THE OSCILLOSCOPE |
Repair of a radio is an economical activity (if done professionally). Therefore it is an activity during which somebody who is undertaking it has to keep in mind economical questions in order to be able to earn his living.
Therefore the question - which method of fault finding should be chosen in a special case - will be answered normally under its economical aspect.
During the overall activity of repairing a radio the section FAULT FINDING has an overwhelming importance. If a fault has been located it has lost its horror, because its remedy requires only some rather simple skills and some knowledge about components and materials.
If repair is done as a business, fault finding is a main factor of calculation of costs. The time consumed for it is a very big portion of the overall time spend for the repair. A quick location of faults is therefore reducing the costs and gives so the professionalist a big advantage in competition.
To be able to choose the fitting method of fault finding under special circumstances, it is necessary to have a general viey of all possible methods to track down faults. An important role play the measuring instruments.
Instruments, finding devices, signalgenerators and so on, are items which are very expensive and therefore must enter the calculation of costs as well.
Even if a beginner does not have all instruments available on the market he has a big advantage if he has a profound knowledge of all possible methods because he is only then able to apply the best method which will cause the smallest costs.