Initial Environmental Assessment: Aquaculture - Series no 5 (NORAD, 1992): Foreword

Initial Environmental Assessment: Aquaculture - Series no 5 (NORAD, 1992)

(introduction...)

Foreword

Introduction

Part I: General account

1 Characteristics of aquaculture projects

2 The environment affected by the project

3 Possible environ mental impacts

(introduction...)

3.1 Introduction of new species

3.2 Impacts on the ecosystem, and the natural and cultural landscape

3.3 Pollution and waste disposal

3.4 Spreading of diseases to humans

3.5 Increased demand for water and energy

3.6 Impacts on traditional ways of life and utilization of natural resources

3.7 Impacts of new activities, and already existing activities

4 Relevant literature

Part II: Documentation requirements for initial assessment of aquaculture projects

1 Project description

2 Description of the environment

3 Checklist

Will the project

Foreword

The natural resource base in our world today is exposed to constantly increasing pressures. Environmental problems are on the increase in developing countries as well as in developed countries. In developing countries, ecological stress strikes large and vulnerable population groups, and hinders social and economic development in many areas.

In 1987 the World Commission on Environment and Development, in their report «Our Common Future», described the problems we are facing and the measures which must be taken to solve them.

Environmental problems in developing countries make demands on Norwegian development aid. Three Norwegian White Papers (Nos. 36 (1984-85) and 34 (1986-87)) on major questions concerning Norwegian aid to developing countries, and No. 46 (1988-89) on Norway's follow-up of the recommendations of the World Commission, have stressed the importance of taking environmental issues into account in Norwegian-assisted development aid projects. In 1990 this was further articulated in the NORAD strategy paper «NORAD in the nineties».

This booklet has been compiled to help NORAD desk officers and planners to integrate environmental considerations into fisheries projects at an early stage in the planning process. It is one of a series of booklets presenting guidelines for environmental impact assessment (EIA) of various types of development projects. Experience and ideas from corresponding material compiled by other countries (OECD, USAID) have been integrated in this EIA-system.