Table 1 - Information Available on Total Refugee/Displaced Populations (as of February 1996)

	Population Numbers							Nutr
Situation	Condition					Total	Change from	Stat*	Comments
	I: High	IIa: High	IIb: Mod	IIc: Not	III:		Dec. 95
	Prev	Risk	Risk	Critical	Unknown
Sub-Saharan Africa
1. Angola (id/wa)	10'400		1'389'600			1'400'000	0	imp	Pockets of malnutrition are likely to exist in inaccessible areas.
2. Benin/Ghana/Togo Region				110'000		110'000	-14'000	stat	Decrease in total due to repatriation.
3. Burkina Faso/Mauritania				68'000		68'000	0	imp	Nutritional status probably improving due to improved ration.
4. Burundi/Rwanda Region		308'000	186'000	2'380'000		2'874'000	-203'400	stat	Decrease in total due to decreased estimated number of displaced in Burundi.
5. Central African Republic				38'800		38'800	0	stat
6. Djibouti				25'000		25'000	0	stat	Increase due to a revised number of Somali refugees.
7. Ethiopia	81'000		173'000	134'000		388'000	0	stat
8. Kenya				173'000		173'000	-13'000	det	Decreased number due to continuing repatriation of Somali refugees.
9. Liberia/Sierra Leone/Guinea/Cote d'Ivoire	57'400	672'600	1'705'000	1'105'000		3'540'000	0	stat/det	Pockets of malnutrition may exist in Liberia in inaccessible areas; deteriorating security and nutritional situation in Sierra Leone.
10. Mauritania/Senegal				52'000		52'000	0	stat
11. Mozambique Region	3'500	246'500		950'000		1'200'000	410'000	det	Displaced in Mutarara at high risk due to pellagra. More vulnerable people due to lower than expected harvests, and subsequent lack of food stocks.
12. Somalia	26'000	814'000				840'000	240'000	det	Increased number of vulnerable people due to continued insecurity.
13. Sudan					2'300'000	2'300'000	900'000	det	Increased total due to increased number of those needing aid in S Sudan.
14. Uganda				222'000		222'000	-6'800	imp	Reduced estimated numbers due to census in October.
15. Zaire	262'000			443'000		705'000	0	stat	Those in Mwene Ditu at high risk.
16. Zambia				26'000		26'000	13'300	stat	The increased number is due to an update estimate, not an influx of refugees.
Total (Sub-Saharan Africa)	440'300	2'041'100	3'453'600	5'726'800	2'300'000	13'961'800	1'326'100
Asia (Selected Situations)
17. Afghanistan Region		370'000		2'730'000		3'100'000		stat	Those in Kabul considered to be at high risk.
18. Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal				90'000		90'000	0	imp	Low levels of micronutrient deficiencies continue to be reported.
19. Bangladesh	50'000					50'000	0	stat	At high risk due to elevated prevalence of riboflavin deficiency.
20. Southern Iraq		192'000		28'000		220'000	0	det	Those in Marshes considered at nigh risk.

I. High Prev - Those reported with high prevalences of malnutrition and/or micronutrient deficiency diseases and sharply elevated mortality rates (at least 3x normal).

IIa: High Risk - At high nutritional risk, limited data available, population likely to contain pockets of malnutrition.

IIb: Mod Risk - Moderate risk, may be data available, pockets of malnutrition may exist.

IIc: Not Critical - Probably not at heightened nutritional risk.

III: Unknown - No information on nutritional status available.

* Indicates status of nutritional situation. Imp =improving, det = deteriorating; stat = static (i.e. no change).

Table 2 - Summary of Origin and Location of Major Populations of Refugees, Returnees and Displaced People in Africa February 1996 - RNIS #14 (population estimates in thousands)

	To/In
From	Angola	Benin	Burkina Faso	Burundi	Cote d'Ivoire	Eritrea	Ethiopia	Ghana	Guinea	Kenya	Liberia	Mali	Mauritania	Mozambique	Rwanda	Sierra Leone	Somalia	Sudan	Tanzania	Togo	Uganda	Zaire	Zambia	TOTAL
Angola	1'400																					50	26	1'476
Benin																								0
Burkina Faso																								0
Burundi				170															86			106		362
Cote d'Ivoire																								0
Eritrea																		160						160
Ethiopia							11			6								40						57
Ghana																				6				6
Guinea																								0
Kenya							24																	24
Liberia					305			14	477		1'700													2'496
Mali			33										35											68
Mauritania																								0
Mozambique														1'200										1'200
Rwanda				105											737				567		6	1'090		2'505
Sierra Leone									128		100					730								958
Somalia							275			126							840							1'241
Sudan							60			41								2'100			210	50		2'461
Tanzania																								0
Togo		20						71																91
Uganda																						14		14
Zaire																					12	600	7	619
Zambia																								0
TOTAL	1'400	20	33	275	305	0	370	85	605	173	1'800	0	35	1'200	737	730	840	2'300	653	6	228	1'910	33	13'738

NOTES:

(1) This chart is intended to include major population groups in Africa (i.e. over 100,000 people affected from country of origin).

(2) Boxes on the diagonal (shaded) show internally displaced populations (total = 9.5 million).

(3) Numbers referred to in the text are usually by the country where the population is located (i.e. column totals). For the regional situations of Burundi/Rwanda and Liberia/Sierra Leone the description is by country of origin (i.e. row totals).

Figure 1 - Refugee and Displaced Populations

Figure 1 - Refugee and Displaced Populations - Selected Areas in Africa (February 1996)

Figure 2 - Trends in Total Refugee/Displaced Populations and Risk Categories

Figure 2 - Trends in Total Refugee/Displaced Populations - By Risk Categories Africa: December 1993-December 1995

Figure 3 - Trends in Population Estimates and Risk Categories in Six Countries

Angola

Burundi/Rwanda Region

Liberia

Mozambique

Somalia

Sudan

Annex 1 - Results of Surveys Quoted in February RNIS Report (#14) - usually children 6-59 months

Survey Area		Survey Conducted by	Dale	% Wasted*	% Severely Wasted*	Oedema (%)	Crude Mortality (/10,000/day)	Under 5 Mortality (/10,000/day)	Measles Immunisation Coverage	Other Data
1. Angola
	a. Benguela City	MSF-F	Nov. 95	4.4	1.6	0.0			44.4
	b. Calulu, Kwanza Sul Province	WV		4.8**	3.0**
	c Dange-Ya-Mena, Kwanza Norte	WV		4.9**	2.0**
	d. Galungo Alto	WV	Oct. 95	20.4**	12**	10.1			47.6
	e. Mavinga, Cuando Cubango	AICF	Nov. 95	7.6	1.0	0.0	0.43	1.6
	f. Balombo, Benguela Province	CRS		14 (MUAC)	4.3 (MUAC)
	g. M'banza Congo Town	MSF-H	Jan 96	14.0**	3.4**
4. Burundi/Rwanda Region
	a. Muhanga Camp	MSF-H	Nov. 95	16.1**	50**
	b. Gasenyi Camp	MSF-H	Nov. 95	15.0**	3.9**
	c. Gohombo Camp	MSF-H	Nov. 95	18.2**	3.0**
	d. Buraniro Camp	MSF-H	Nov. 95	17.2**	4.1**
9. Liberia Region
	a. Putu, Grand Gedeh County (Liberia)	WV	Dec. 95	31.7 (<80%)**	5.7 (<70%)**
	b. Gondama (Sierra Leone)	AICF	Oct. 95	28.1	5.7	1.9	2.7	4.0	97.7
	c. Bonthe Islands (Sierra Leone)	MSF-B	Nov. 95	12.9	23	2.4	2.7		24.0
	d. Macenta (Guinea)	AICF	Nov. 95	5.7	0.9	0.3
12. Somalia
	a. Bardera, Gedo Region	AICF	Nov. 95	19.3	3.6	28			68.0
13. Sudan
	a. Mogale Camp (S Sudan)	AICF	Nov. 95	16.0**	1.3**
	b. Um Rakuba	SRRA	Sep. 95	7.0 (<80%)
	c. Safawa	SRRA	Sep. 95	6.4 (<80%)
	d. Wad Sherife	SRRA	Sep. 95	13.0 (<80%)
	e. K Girba	SRRA	Sep. 95	10.4 (<80%)
	f. Shagarab Camps	SRRA	Sep. 95	15.3 (<80%)
14 Uganda
	a. Koboko Camp	MSF-H	Jan. 96	11.2**	1.1**
15. Zaire
	a. Luputu, Kasai	MSF-B	Nov. 95	9.9	1.3	1.6
	b. Gandajika, Kasai	MSF-B	Nov. 95	6.8	0.6	4.0
	c. Likasi, Kasai	MSF-B	Dec. 95	5.3	0.3	0.0
	d. Mwene Ditu (Resident)	MSF-B	Oct. 95	17.8**	4.8**
	e. Mwene Ditu (Displaced)	MSF-B	Oct. 95	42.9**	9.3**
17. Afghanistan Region
	a. Kabul	AICF	Nov. 95	6.6	1.2	0.6				15.6% Women had BMI <18.5
	b. New Hadda Camp	MSF-H	Dec. 95	4.0**	0.6**	0.1	0.2
18. Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal
	a. All 8 Camps	SCF	Nov. 95	1.3 (<80%)						Incidence of micronutrient deficiencies decreasing
19. Refugees in Bangladesh
	a. All camps	UNHCR	1995	9.5	0.2		0.25	0.58		High incidence of angular stomatisis.

* wt/ht unless specified; cut-off = n.s. means not specified but usually -2SD wt/ht for wasting and -3SD wt/ht for severe wasting

**Oedema is included in this figure.

NOTE: see box on pg 4 for guidance in interpretation of indicators.

SRRA = Sudanese Relief and Rehabilitation Association

NOTES on Annex 1

1. Angola

a. This survey was conducted by MSF-France in Benguela City in November 1995. 976 children 6-59 months old were included in the survey. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2z scores and severe wasting was <-3z scores. No cases of oedema were seen.

b. This survey was conducted by World Vision in Calulu, Kwanza Sul province. The information was obtained from a Humanitarian Assistance in Angola update, and no further details are currently available.

c. This survey was conducted by World Vision in Kwanza Norte province. The information was obtained from a Humanitarian Assistance in Angola update, and no further details are currently available.

d. This survey was carried out by World Vision from 23-27 October 1995 in Golungo Alto, Kwanza Norte province. This was a two stage cluster sample and children 6-59 months were included. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 sd of the median weight for height and/or oedema, and severe wasting <-3 sd of the median weight/height and/or oedema. Oedema was also measured separately.

e. This survey was carried out by AICF in Mavinga, Cuando Cubango province from 26 October-6 November 1995. This was a cluster sample survey and 780 children 6-59 months (65-110 cms height used if age unknown). Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 sd and severe wasting was <-3 sd. Oedema was measured separately.

f. This survey was conducted by Catholic Relief Services (CRS) in Balumbo, Benguela Province. Wasting was measured by MUAC. This information was obtained from a Humanitarian Assistance in Angola update, and no further details are currently available.

g. This survey was carried out by MSF-Holland from 30-31 January 1996 in M'banza, Angola. It was a cluster sample survey, and 506 children were included in the survey. Wasting is defined as wt/ht <-2 sd and/or oedema and severe wasting as <-3 sd and/or oedema.

4. Burundi/Rwanda Region

a-d. These surveys were conducted by MSF-Holland at the end of November 1995. Wasting is defined as wt/ht <-2 sd and/or oedema and severe wasting as <-3 sd and/or oedema.

9. Liberia/Sierra Leone Region

a. This was a rapid nutrition assessment conducted in December 1995 by World Vision. Children 6-59 months old were included in the survey; where age was not known, the upper limit was 115 cms. A random sampling method was used and 265 children were weighed and measured. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 sd of the median weight for height and/or oedema, and severe wasting <-3 sd of the median weight/height and/or oedema.

b. This survey was carried out by Action Internationale Contre la Faim (AICF) from 10-13 October 1995. This was a 30x30 cluster survey including 917 children 6-59 months old. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores. Oedema was measured separately.

c. This survey was conducted by MSF-Belgium from 24-26 October 1995. This was a cluster survey that included 796 children 6-59 months old. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores. Oedema was measured separately.

d. This survey was conducted by Action Internationale Contre la Faim (AICF) from 18-25 November 1995. This was a two stage cluster sample survey that included 935 children 6-59 months old. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores. Oedema was measured separately.

12. Somalia

a. This survey was conducted in Bardera, Gedo Region in November 1995. It was a cross sectional survey using random, two stage cluster sampling. 908 children 6-59 months old were included in the survey. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores. Oedema was measured separately.

13. Sudan

a. This information comes from a draft of a nutritional survey conducted by Action Internationale Contre la Faim (AICF) from 20-22 November 1995. It was a two stage cluster sample survey. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores.

b-f. These surveys were conducted by the Sudanese Relief and Rehabilitation Association between June and September 1995. Wasting was defined as <80% wt/ht.

14. Uganda

a. This survey was conducted by MSF-Hoolland in January 1996. Wasting is defined as wt/ht <-2 sd and/or oedema and severe wasting as <-3 sd and/or oedema.

15. Zaire

a. This survey was carried out by MSF-Belgium from 7-9 November 1995 in Luputa, Zaire. It was a cluster sample survey which included 1099 children 6-59 months old. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores. Oedema was measured separately.

b. This survey was carried out by MSF-Belgium from 14-17 November 1995 in Gandajika, Zaire. It was a cluster sample survey which included 705 children 6-59 months old. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores. Oedema was measured separately.

c. This survey was carried out by MSF-Belgium from 5-7 December 1995 in Likasi, Zaire. It was a two stage cluster sample survey which included 797 children 6-59 months old. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores. No cases of oedema were seen.

d-e. This survey was conducted by MSF-Belgium from 23-26 October 1995 in Mwene Ditu, Zaire. The results are broken out by resident and displaced populations. A total of 1525 children 6-59 months old (or 65-110 cms if age was not known) were included. This was 816 resident children and 710 displaced children. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 sd and/or oedema and severe wasting was <-3 sd and/or oedema.

17. Afghanistan Region

a. This survey was conducted by Action Internationale Contre la Faim (AICF) in Kabul from 28 October - 8 November 1995. This was a two stage cluster sample survey which included 884 children 6-59 months old, or 65-110 cms if age was not known. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores. Oedema was measured separately. This survey also measured 404 non-pregnant women aged 15-45 years and used a BMI of <18.5 to define wasting.

b. This survey was carried out by MSF-Holland in December 1995. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <-2 sd and/or oedema and severe wasting was <-3 sd and/or oedema.

18. Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal

a. This information comes from a screening exercise on children under five carried out in November 1995. Wasting was defined as wt/ht <80% of the median.

19. Refugees from Rakhine State, Myanmar in Bangladesh

a. This information comes from a UNHCR health and nutrition report for the year 1995. Wasting is defined as wt/ht <-2z scores and severe wasting <-3 z scores in children under five years old.

Annex 2 - Seasonality in Sub-Saharan Africa*

Country	Climate/Rainy Season/Harvest
Angola	Coastal area desert, SW semi-arid, rest of country: rains Sept-April
Burundi	Three crop seasons: Sept-Jan, Feb-Jun, and Jul-Aug
CAR	Rains March-Nov
Djibouti	Arid Climate
Ethiopia	Two rainy seasons February to May and June to October
Kenya	N-E is semi-arid to arid, Central and SW rains: March-May and Nov-Dec
Liberia	Rains March-Nov
Mozambique	Coast is semi-arid, rest wet-dry Harvest May
Rwanda	Rains Feb-May with Aug harvest and Sept-Nov with Jan harvest
Sierra Leone	Rains March-Oct.
Somalia	Two seasons: April to August (harvest) and October to January/February (harvest)
Sudan	Rains April-Oct
Northern	Rains begin May/June
Southern	Rains begin March/April
Togo	Two rainy seasons in S, one in N. Harvest August
Uganda	Rains Mar-Oct
Zaire	Tropical climate. Harvest in N: November; in S January

*SOURCES: FAO, “Food Supply Situation and Crop Prospects in Sub-Saharan Africa”, Special Report; No 4/5, Dec. 90 plus various FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Missions.