Wastes as Fuel - Heat Content Guide

Approximate Calorific Values of Various Waste Materials

Waste	BTU/LB
Algae	6,700
Animal fats	17,000
Bark	4-5,000
Bitumen waste	16,570
Brown paper	7,250
Cardboard	6,810
Citrus rinds	1,700
Coal1	1-14,000
Coke	14,000
Corn cobs	8,000
Corrugated paper	7,043
Cotton	7,590
Cotton Husks	8,600
Kitchen wastes	1,700
Lignite (dry)	11,000
L.ubricants (spent)	12,000
Motor car sump oil	10,300
Newspaper	7,794
Paper	7,500
Paraffin	17,640
Refuse municipal	4,500
Rice husks	5,900
Sugar	6,700-7,100
Starch	8,530
Tyres	15,000
Vegetable oils	16,900
Waste lubricating oil	15,000
Wood	7-8,000

PUBLICATIONS

Extracts from IT Pubs Book List 1989, available from ITDG 103-105 Southampton Row, LONDON WC1B 4HH, UK.

Agricultural Residues As Fuel In The Third World - Geoffrey Barnard and Lars Kristoferson

Using examples from Asia, Africa and Latin America, this report pieces together a picture of the vital and complex role that agricultural residues play at village level. It presents data on agricultural residue production, their properties as fuels and their alternative uses. 178pp. Illus. 1986 (Earthscan). £15.00

Fuelwood and Charcoal Preparation

An illustrated training manual on simple tools and techniques for small scale enterprises. 119pp l985 (ILO) £6.60.

Improved Wood Waste and Charcoal Burning Stoves: A practitioner's Manual W Stewart et al.

A manual for those involved in the day-to-day work of stove projects. The hook describes and illustrates the chief characteristics, both advantages and disadvantages of 2X types of stove. 240pp. Illus. ISBN 0 946688 65 6. £9.95.

Modern Stoves For All (2nd Edition). W Micuta

A revised new edition of this practical survey of low-cost stoves for use in the Third World. 96pp. Illus. 1985 (IT Pubs/Bellerive) ISBN 0 946688 81 8. £6.95

The Stoves Project Manual: Planning & Implementation. S.Joseph

Detailed guidelines for project managers interested in stoves programmes. The book draws on ITDG's 5 years of experience in helping associations implement stoves programmes. 100pp. Illus. 1985. ISBN 0 946688 26 5. £12.00

BOILING POINT WILL BE PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER, STARTING WITH THIS SPECIAL EDITION.

Technical Enquiries to ITDG

One of the most valuable services provided by ITDG is in answering technical enquiries.

The stove team and its associates are at your service in this way and have answered many enquiries over the last 6 years.

They are ready to tackle questions on subjects such as stove promotion and dissemination; marketing and economics; production; project strategy and planning as well as technical problems of design and testing, briquetting and energy strategies etc..

Remember, if you need a detailed answer you should give as much detailed information as possible.

Editorial and Production Team

Tammy Flavell - Production Manager Ian Grant - Editor Kathryn Clarke Peter Young Alex Bush

We regret ommitting the name of Peter Bradbrook cartoonist in BP 18.

INTERMEDIATE TECHNOLOGY

Development Group

Helping Stove Workers

Boiling Point is the journal of the Intermediate Technology Development Group's Fuel for Food Programme. Contributions are welcome in the form of articles of not more than 1,00() words plus line drawings, photographs, simple graphs, etc where appropriate. All correspondence should be addressed to 'Boiling, Point, ITDC, Fuel for Food Programme, Myson House, Railway Terrace, Rugby' CV21 3HT, UK

Opinions expressed in contributory articles are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the ITDC Fuel for Food Programme.

(Readers wishing, to enter into correspondence with any of the authors may obtain full postal addresses from the address given above).

Contributions to Boiling Point

Contributions are invited for the next three issues of Boiling Point, the main themes of which will be:

No 19 - Publicity for Stove Programmes

No 20 -Non Biomass Stoves

No21-Stoves- Energy- Environment

Articles for these issues should reach this office by the end of June for issue No.19, the end of October for issue No. 20 and the end of February for issue No. 21.

Figure

1 - Partially Pyrolysed

Sawdust Briquettes

(for "Briquette Burner" stoves

2 - Paper

3 - Grass

4 - Straw

5 - Sawdust

6 - Coir pyth (for special stove)

7 - Sawdust & Paper

8 - Groundnut shells

9 - Rice Husks

10 - Bagasse & Molases