24. Possible needs in different types of emergencies

Disaster Preparedness - Trainer's Guide - 1st Edition (Disaster Management Training Programme, 57 p.)

PART ONE : PLANNING FOR DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

		5. Question on activities already undertaken
		6. Vulnerability assessments
		7. Categories of information
		8. Objectives of assessing vulnerability
		9. Requirements of a plan
		10. Typical structure of a disaster plan
		11. Types of disaster
		12. The planners
		13. Question on entities involved in planning
		14. Status of the plan
		15. Statement on institutional framework
		16. Question on designating a focal point
		17. National disaster assistance organization
		18. Roles and responsibilities
		19. Sample information system
		20. Resource base
		21. Question on planning a resource base
		22. Statement on warning systems
		23. Categories or response mechanisms
		24. Possible needs in different types of emergencies
		25. Public education and training
		26. What rehearsals can accomplish

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24. Possible needs in different types of emergencies

Figure

Briefly review the main types of needs listed in the matrix. Elicit or provide specific examples of how preparedness planning incorporates various response mechanisms to meet these needs.

Sectors in which UNICEF assistance might be considered

Needs frequently experienced

Needs sometimes experienced

C Depending on climate: may be needed if weather is cold and/or wet.

. . Needs rarely arise (or usually of low priority).

Where disasters occur in combination - e.g floods following a tropical storm the combined effects/needs must be considered.

Sector in which needs may arise	Sudden, cataclysmic disasters			Long-term, continuing emergencies
	Earthquakes	Storms	Floods	Droughts, famines ⁸	Conflicts	Displaced populations
Food, nutrition and income
Short-term general ration distribution
Agricultural production	*. .*
Long-term selective provision of employment and/or food		*. .*
Nutrition surveillance	*. .*
Special feeding²	*. .*	*. .*
Health services
Reinforcement of management and personnel
Reconstruction, transport and equipment				*. .*
Drugs and other supplies		*. .*
Surveillance for communicable diseases	*. .*
Immunization	*. .*	*. .*
Diarrhoea control	*. .*	*. .*
Water supplies
Distribution, storage, treatment
Rehabilitation/development of sources
Sanitation
Excreta disposal		*. .*		*. .*
Garbage/refuse disposal				*. .*
Personal hygiene		*. .*		*. .*
Vector control		*. .*		*. .*
Shelter and household functioning
Emergency shelter	C	C	*. .*	*. .*	C
Reconstruction				*. .*
Blankets	C	C	C	*. .*	C	C
Household utensils etc				*. .*
Child care and social services
Community social services
Unaccompanied children
Schools/education				*. .*
Overall management and logistics
Reinforcement of management capacity and systems
Transport, vehicles, fuel, spares, maintenance
Storage facilities
Possible secondary effects/disasters	Fires, landslides, local floods, tsunamis	Floods, landslides, storm surge		Displaced populations	Displaced populations