 | CDC's Short Version of the ICECI - International Classification of External Causes of Injury - A Pilot Test (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2000, 30 p.) |
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References
1. WHO-Working Group for Injury Surveillance Methodology Development and Its Technical Group. International Classification of External Causes of Injuries (ICECI). Amsterdam: Consumer Safety Institute, June 1999.
2. Holder Y, Krug E, et al. World Health Organization Injury Surveillance Guidelines for Less-Resourced Environments. Draft proposal released for comment at the 5th World Conference of Injury Prevention and Control; 2000 Mar 5–8; New Delhi (India). Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, CDC, February 16, 2000.
3. Annest JL, Pogostin CL, Conn J, Fingerhut LA, Pickett D. Proposed short version of the International Classification of External Causes of Injuries (ICECI). Chapter 6. In: Proceedings of the International Collaborative Effort on Injury Statistics, Vol III, 2nd Symposium; 1999 June; Washington (DC). Available at www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/ otheract/ice/pro-iii.htm. Accessed April 2000.
4. Fleiss JL. Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1981: 212–225.
5. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977;33:159–174.
6. Fleiss JL, Nee JC, Landis JR. Large sample variance of kappa in the case of different sets of raters. Psychological Bulletin 1979;86:974–977.
7. Quinlan KP, Thompson MP, Annest JL, Peddicord J, Ryan G, Kessler EP, McDonald AK. Expanding the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System to monitor all nonfatal injuries treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1999;34:637–645.
Table 1. Percent Observed Agreement among Massachusetts ED-SCIP Coders and between Coders and the Gold Standard for Five Major Data Elements, Overall and by Coder: 93 Injury-Related Case Scenarios, CDC’s Short ICECI Pilot Study
| |
Inter-coder* |
Gold/Coder A |
Gold/Coder B |
Gold/Coder C |
Gold/Coder D |
Gold/Overall |
|
Data |
% Observed |
% Observed |
% Observed |
% Observed |
% Observed |
Average % Observed |
|
Work-Relatedness |
97.8 |
94.6 |
94.6 |
95.7 |
91.4 |
94.1 |
|
Locale of Injury Incident |
91.9 |
81.9 |
80.8 |
81.9 |
79.9 |
81.1 |
|
Activity at Time of Injury |
85.7 |
80.7 |
86.2 |
77.5 |
79.7 |
81.0 |
|
Intent of Injury |
96.9 |
89.3 |
91.4 |
89.2 |
90.3 |
90.1 |
|
Mechanism of Injury |
86.5 |
76.6 |
87.4 |
79.7 |
78.8 |
80.6 |
* All four Massachusetts coders coded these 93 injury-related case scenarios. The inter-coder percent observed agreement was calculated as the percentage of cases where at least 3 of the 4 coders assigned the same code with respect to each of the five major data elements listed.
Table 2. Kappa Statistics* among Massachusetts ED-SCIP Coders and between Coders and the Gold Standard for Five Major Data Elements, Overall and by Coder: 93 Injury-Related Case Scenarios, CDC’s Short ICECI Pilot Study
| |
Inter-coder |
Gold/Coder A |
Gold/Coder B |
Gold/Coder C |
Gold/Coder D |
Gold/Overall |
|
Data |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Average |
|
Work-Relatedness |
81.1 |
84.0 |
83.4 |
86.5 |
76.4 |
82.4 |
| |
(74.2-88.1) |
(65.9-102) |
(64.5-102) |
(67.6-105) |
(58.8-93.9) |
(73.2-91.5) |
|
Locale of Injury Incident |
82.6 |
78.0 |
76.5 |
78.1 |
75.4 |
77.1 |
| |
(79.2-85.9) |
(69.7-86.3) |
(68.2-84.9) |
(69.9-86.4) |
(67.2-83.7) |
(72.9-81.2) |
|
Activity at Time of Injury |
73.6 |
77.6 |
83.8 |
73.9 |
76.3 |
77.9 |
| |
(70.4-76.9) |
(69.7-85.5) |
(75.8-91.8) |
(65.9-81.8) |
(68.3-84.3) |
(74.0-81.9) |
|
Intent of Injury |
89.7 |
81.2 |
84.3 |
80.3 |
82.5 |
82.1 |
| |
(84.2-95.2) |
(68.8-93.7) |
(71.3-97.3) |
(67.1-93.4) |
(69.7-95.4) |
(75.6-88.5) |
|
Mechanism of Injury |
79.7 |
72.8 |
85.1 |
76.3 |
75.3 |
77.4 |
| |
(76.6-82.7) |
(65.2-80.3) |
(77.6-92.6) |
(68.5-84.0) |
(68.0-82.7) |
(73.6-81.1) |
* The kappa statistic measures the percent agreement beyond what can be expected by chance alone. Values of kappa >75% are considered to be excellent, and values between 40% and 75% represent fair to good agreement.5† The inter-coder kappa statistic measures agreement for all four coders simultaneously.
Table 3. Kappa Statistics* among NEISS Coders and between Coders and the Gold Standard for Five Major Data Elements, Overall and by Coder: 93 Injury-Related Case Scenarios, CDC’s Short ICECI Pilot Study
| |
Inter-coder |
Gold/Coder 1 |
Gold/Coder 2 |
Gold/Coder 3 |
Gold/Coder 4 |
Gold/Coder 5 |
Gold/Coder 6 |
Gold/Coder 7 |
Gold/Overall |
|
Data |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Average |
|
Work- Relatedness |
76.8 |
92.8 |
75.9 |
71.8 |
75.0 |
81.5 |
90.0 |
89.9 |
81.9 |
| |
(72.9-80.6) |
(72.5-113) |
(58.1-93.6) |
(55.0-88.6) |
(56.0-94.0) |
(63.3-99.6) |
(69.6-110) |
(70.1-110) |
(74.8-88.9) |
|
Locale of Injury Incident |
71.4 |
69.8 |
70.4 |
74.2 |
66.4 |
64.2 |
68.6 |
58.0 |
67.4 |
| |
(68.0-74.7) |
(61.2-78.5) |
(62.2-78.6) |
(66.1-82.4) |
(58.1-74.6) |
(56.1-72.3) |
(60.3-77.0) |
(50.0-66.0) |
(64.3-70.5) |
|
Activity at Time of Injury |
59.3 |
75.0 |
67.5 |
68.5 |
42.0 |
72.5 |
59.7 |
65.0 |
64.5 |
| |
(54.4-64.2) |
(67.0-83.0) |
(59.4-75.5) |
(60.2-76.7) |
(33.8-50.2) |
(64.4-80.6) |
(51.5-67.9) |
(56.9-73.0) |
(61.4-67.5) |
|
Intent of Injury |
74.2 |
85.0 |
83.1 |
75.6 |
72.1 |
76.5 |
77.2 |
74.4 |
77.7 |
| |
(71.5-76.9) |
(72.3-97.6) |
(70.7-95.6) |
(63.2-88.0) |
(59.7-84.6) |
(64.2-88.8) |
(64.5-89.9) |
(61.9-86.9) |
(73.0-82.4) |
|
Mechanism of Injury |
59.7 |
67.4 |
65.9 |
65.2 |
54.9 |
53.2 |
58.1 |
55.7 |
60.1 |
| |
(56.4-62.9) |
(59.7-75.1) |
(57.5-74.2) |
(57.7-72.7) |
(47.1-62.6) |
(45.3-61.0) |
(50.4-65.8) |
(47.9-63.5) |
(57.2-63.1) |
* The kappa statistic measures the percent agreement beyond what can be expected by chance alone. Values of kappa >75% are considered to be excellent, and values between 40% and 75% represent fair to good agreement.5† The inter-coder kappa statistic measures agreement for all 7 coders simultaneously.
Table 4. Comparison of Kappa Statistics* between Massachusetts ED-SCIP Coders and NEISS Coders for Five Major Data Elements: 93 Injury-Related Case Scenarios, CDC’s Short ICECI Pilot Study
| |
Inter-coder |
Inter-coder |
% Difference |
Gold/MA |
Gold/NEISS |
% Difference |
|
Data |
Kappa |
Kappa |
(MA-NEISS) |
Average |
Average |
(MA-NEISS) |
|
Work-Relatedness |
81.1 |
76.8 |
+5.6 |
82.4 |
81.9 |
+0.6 |
|
Locale of Injury Incident |
82.6 |
71.4 |
+15.7 |
77.1 |
67.4 |
+14.4 |
|
Activity at Time of Injury |
73.6 |
59.3 |
+24.1 |
77.9 |
64.5 |
+20.8 |
|
Intent of Injury |
89.7 |
74.2 |
+20.9 |
82.1 |
77.7 |
+5.7 |
|
Mechanism of Injury |
79.7 |
59.7 |
+33.5 |
77.4 |
59,1 |
+28.8 |
* The kappa statistic measures the percent agreement beyond what can be expected by chance alone. Values of kappa >75% are considered to be excellent, and values between 40% and 75% represent fair to good agreement.5
Table 5. Kappa Statistics* for Massachusetts ED-SCIP Coders for Five Major Data Elements, Overall and by Coder: 18 Injury-Related Case Scenarios Coded Twice by the Same Coder at Different Times, CDC’s Short ICECI Pilot Study
| |
Coder A |
Coder B |
Coder C |
Coder D |
Intra-Coder Reliability |
|
Data |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Kappa |
Average |
|
Work-Relatedness |
87.7 |
100 |
67.2 |
79.3 |
83.2 |
| |
(48.6-127) |
(60.6-139) |
(29.8-105) |
(43.3-115) |
(64.3-102) |
|
Locale of Injury Incident |
100 |
100 |
84.5 |
92.4 |
94.2 |
| |
(77.7-122) |
(77.7-122) |
(60.7-108) |
(70.4-114) |
(83.1-105) |
|
Activity at Time of Injury |
93.1 |
86.0 |
72.2 |
100 |
88.0 |
| |
(70.9-115) |
(63.1-109) |
(49.4-94.9) |
(75.2-125) |
(77.0-98.9) |
|
Intent of Injury |
82.7 |
81.6 |
90.8 |
90.8 |
86.4 |
| |
(53.8-112) |
(50.7-113) |
(58.9-123) |
(58.9-123) |
(71.1-102) |
|
Mechanism of Injury |
70.8 |
77.7 |
78.6 |
70.3 |
74.4 |
| |
(48.7-92.9) |
(55.6-99.8) |
(57.1-100) |
(48.4-92.2) |
(63.5-85.3) |
* The kappa statistic measures the percent agreement beyond what can be expected by chance alone. Values of kappa >75% are considered to be excellent, and values between 40% and 75% represent fair to good agreement.5
Table 6. Kappa Statistics* among Randomly Selected Pairs of Massachusetts ED-SCIP Coders for Categories for Four Major Data Elements: 127 Injury-Related Hospital ED visits, CDC’s Short ICECI Pilot Study
|
|
Inter-coder Reliability | |
|
Data Element and Categories† |
Kappa (95% CI) | |
| | | |
|
Work-Relatedness | | |
| |
Overall |
67.1 (54.3–80.0) |
| |
Work-related |
91.4 (74.0–109) |
| |
Not work-related |
67.6 (50.1–85.1) |
| | | |
|
Locale of Injury Incident | | |
| |
Overall |
73.5 (65.2–81.8) |
| |
Home/mobile home |
83.5 (65.9–101) |
| |
Residential institution |
100.0 (82.5–118) |
| |
Farm/ranch |
-----‡ |
| |
Street/highway |
90.9 (73.4–108) |
| |
Trade and service area |
66.0 (48.4–83.5) |
| |
Industrial/construction area |
52.5 (34.9–70.0) |
| |
School/educational area |
66.3 (48.7–83.8) |
| |
Other public building |
100.0 (82.5–118) |
| |
Sports and athletic area |
65.9 (48.3–83.4) |
| | | |
|
Activity at Time of Injury | | |
| |
Overall |
67.5 (59.2–75.8) |
| |
Sports |
92.9 (75.5–110) |
| |
Leisure |
63.6 (46.2–81.0) |
| |
Traveling |
85.7 (68.3–103) |
| |
Paid work |
91.3 (73.9–109) |
| |
Unpaid work |
48.4 (31.0–65.8) |
| |
Educational activity |
----- |
| |
Vital activity |
----- |
| | | |
|
Mechanism of Injury | | |
| |
Overall |
91.4 (84.1–98.8) |
| |
Motor vehicle (occupant) |
100.0 (82.5–117) |
| |
Pedestrian-vehicle crash |
100.0 (82.5–117) |
| |
Motorcycle |
----- |
| |
Pedal cycle |
85.3 (67.9–103) |
| |
Struck by/against or crushed |
83.5 (66.0–101) |
| |
Fall |
94.1 (76.7–112) |
| |
Gunshot, firearm-related |
----- |
| |
Stab/cut/pierce |
89.5 (72.1–107) |
| |
Fire/burn |
88.5 (71.0–106) |
| |
Smoke inhalation |
----- |
| |
Poisoning |
100.0 (82.5–117) |
| |
Near-drowning/drowning/submersion |
----- |
| |
Foreign body |
100.0 (82.5–117) |
| |
Overexertion |
90.8 (73.3–108) |
* The kappa statistic measures the percent agreement beyond what can be expected by chance alone. Values of kappa >75% are considered to be excellent, and values between 40% and 75% represent fair to good agreement.5
† Intent of injury is not presented here because all but four cases were unintentional injuries; refer to Table 1 for percent observed agreement on this data element.
‡ ----- denotes that no cases were reported for this category.
Table 7. Description of Short ICECI Data for Injury-Related ED Patients Obtained from 16 Massachusetts ED-SCIP Hospitals: CDC’s Short ICECI Pilot Study
|
|
Number of |
Percent | |||
|
Data Element and Categories1 |
Patients |
Distribution | |||
| | | | |||
|
Coding Time (in minutes) | | | |||
| |
Total |
1,841 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
1 min |
49 |
2.7 | |
| | |
2 mins |
17 |
28.1 | |
| | |
3 mins |
610 |
33.1 | |
| | |
4 mins |
323 |
17.5 | |
| | |
5 mins |
177 |
9.6 | |
| | |
6 mins |
38 |
2.1 | |
| | |
7 mins |
24 |
1.3 | |
| | |
8 mins |
26 |
1.4 | |
| | |
9 mins |
12 |
0.7 | |
| | |
10 mins |
15 |
0.8 | |
| | |
11–18 mins |
14 |
0.8 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
36 |
2.0 | |
| | | | |||
|
Sex of Patient | | | |||
| |
Total |
1,841 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Male |
1,088 |
59.1 | |
| | |
Female |
748 |
40.6 | |
| | |
Not stated/unknown |
5 |
0.3 | |
| | | | |||
|
Age of Patient (in years) | | | |||
| |
Total |
1,841 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
00–04 yrs |
189 |
10.3 | |
| | |
05–09 yrs |
96 |
5.2 | |
| | |
10–14 yrs |
132 |
7.2 | |
| | |
15–19 yrs |
227 |
12.3 | |
| | |
20–24 yrs |
228 |
12.4 | |
| | |
25–44 yrs |
615 |
33.4 | |
| | |
45–64 yrs |
228 |
12.4 | |
| | |
65+ yrs |
115 |
6.2 | |
| | |
Not stated/unknown |
11 |
0.6 | |
| | | | |||
|
Work-Relatedness | | | |||
| |
Total |
1,841 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Work-related |
272 |
14.8 | |
| | |
Not work-related |
1,210 |
65.7 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unspecified |
359 |
19.5 | |
| | | | |||
|
Locale of Injury Incident | | | |||
| |
Total |
1,841 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Home/mobile home |
401 |
21.8 | |
| | |
Residential institution |
39 |
2.1 | |
| | |
Farm/ranch |
2 |
0.1 | |
| | |
Street/highway |
277 |
15.0 | |
| | |
Trade and service area |
115 |
6.2 | |
| | |
Industrial/construction area |
51 |
2.8 | |
| | |
School/educational area |
47 |
2.6 | |
| | |
Other public building |
20 |
1.1 | |
| | |
Sports and athletic area |
83 |
4.5 | |
| | |
Other specified |
82 |
4.5 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
724 |
39.3 | |
| | | | |||
|
Activity at Time of Injury | | | |||
| |
Total |
1,841 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Sports |
150 |
8.1 | |
| | |
Leisure |
271 |
14.7 | |
| | |
Traveling |
233 |
12.7 | |
| | |
Paid work |
261 |
14.2 | |
| | |
Unpaid work |
66 |
3.6 | |
| | |
Educational activity |
4 |
0.2 | |
| | |
Vital activity |
29 |
1.6 | |
| | |
Other specified |
70 |
3.8 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unspecified |
757 |
41.1 | |
| | | | |||
|
Intent of Injury | | | |||
| |
Total |
1,841 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Unintentional |
1,580 |
85.8 | |
| | |
Intentionally self-inflicted |
25 |
1.4 | |
| | |
Assault, confirmed or suspected |
200 |
10.9 | |
| | |
Legal intervention |
4 |
0.2 | |
| | |
Operations of war and civil insurrection |
-----* |
----- | |
| | |
Not recorded/undetermined |
2 |
1.7 | |
| | | | |||
|
Relationship of Perpetrator | | | |||
|
to Victim for Assaults | | | |||
| |
Total |
200 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Spouse or partner |
25 |
12.5 | |
| | |
Parent |
3 |
1.5 | |
| | |
Other relative |
11 |
5.5 | |
| | |
Unrelated care giver |
-----* |
----- | |
| | |
Acquaintance or friend |
17 |
8.5 | |
| | |
Official/legal authorities |
1 |
0.5 | |
| | |
Multiple perpetrators |
18 |
9.0 | |
| | |
Stranger |
25 |
12.5 | |
| | |
Other specified person(s) |
9 |
4.5 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
91 |
45.5 | |
| | | | |||
|
Reason for Assault | | | |||
| |
Total |
200 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Altercation |
91 |
45.5 | |
| | |
During illegal acquisition of |
5 |
2.5 | |
| | | |
money or property |
| |
| | |
Drug-related |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Sexual assault |
7 |
3.5 | |
| | |
Gang-related |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Other specified |
8 |
4.0 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
89 |
44.5 | |
| | | | |||
|
Mechanism of Injury | | | |||
| |
Total |
1,841 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Motor vehicle (occupant) |
218 |
11.8 | |
| | |
Pedestrian-vehicle crash |
12 |
0.7 | |
| | |
Motorcycle |
21 |
1.1 | |
| | |
Pedal cycle |
20 |
1.1 | |
| | |
Struck by/against or crushed |
389 |
21.1 | |
| | |
Fall |
416 |
22.6 | |
| | |
Gunshot, firearm-related |
17 |
0.9 | |
| | |
Stab/cut/pierce |
294 |
16.0 | |
| | |
Fire/burn |
33 |
1.8 | |
| | |
Smoke inhalation |
1 |
0.1 | |
| | |
Poisoning |
35 |
1.9 | |
| | |
Near-drowning/drowning/submersion |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Foreign body |
52 |
2.8 | |
| | |
Overexertion |
191 |
10.4 | |
| | |
Other specified mechanism |
132 |
7.2 | |
| | |
Not recorded/undetermined |
10 |
0.5 | |
| | | | |||
|
Traffic-Relatedness for | | | |||
|
Motor Vehicle Occupants | | | |||
| |
Total |
218 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Traffic-related |
197 |
90.4 | |
| | |
Nontraffic-related |
5 |
2.3 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
16 |
7.3 | |
| | | | |||
|
Type of Motor Vehicle that Patient | |
| |||
|
Was Riding |
| | |||
| |
Total |
218 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Automobile |
183 |
83.9 | |
| | |
Pickup truck or van |
8 |
3.7 | |
| | |
Heavy transport vehicle |
1 |
0.5 | |
| | |
Bus |
-----* |
----- | |
| | |
3-wheel motor vehicle |
1 |
0.5 | |
| | |
Other specified |
5 |
2.3 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
20 |
9.2 | |
| | | | |||
|
Motor Vehicle Occupant Status | |
| |||
|
|
Total |
218 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Driver |
141 |
64.7 | |
| | |
Passenger |
69 |
31.7 | |
| | |
Person boarding or alighting |
1 |
0.5 | |
| | |
Person on outside of motor vehicle |
1 |
0.5 | |
| | |
Not recorded |
6 |
2.8 | |
| | | | |||
|
Counterpart for Motor Vehicle Crash | |
| |||
|
Involving Motor Vehicle Occupant | |
| |||
|
|
Total |
218 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Automobile |
73 |
33.5 | |
| | |
Pickup truck or van |
3 |
1.4 | |
| | |
Heavy transport vehicle |
1 |
0.5 | |
| | |
Bus |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
3-wheel motor vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Motorcycle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Railway train/vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Pedal cycle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Pedestrian |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Animal or animal-drawn vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Fixed or stationary object |
33 |
15.1 | |
| | |
No counterpart |
16 |
7.3 | |
| | |
Other specified |
5 |
2.3 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
87 |
39.9 | |
| | | | |||
|
Traffic-Relatedness for | | | |||
|
Pedestrian Injuries | | | |||
| |
Total |
12 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Traffic-related |
9 |
75.0 | |
| | |
Nontraffic-related |
2 |
16.7 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
1 |
8.3 | |
| | | | |||
|
Counterpart for | | | |||
|
Pedestrian-Vehicle Crash | | | |||
| |
Total |
12 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Automobile |
8 |
66.7 | |
| | |
Pickup truck or van |
-----* |
----- | |
| | |
Heavy transport vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Bus |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
3-wheel motor vehicle |
1 |
8.3 | |
| | |
Motorcycle |
2 |
16.7 | |
| | |
Railway train/vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Pedal cycle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Pedestrian |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Animal or animal-drawn vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Fixed or stationary object |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
No counterpart |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Other specified |
1 |
8.3 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
----- |
----- | |
| | | | |||
|
Traffic-Relatedness for | | | |||
|
Motorcyclist Injuries | | | |||
| |
Total |
21 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Traffic-related |
14 |
66.7 | |
| | |
Nontraffic-related |
2 |
9.5 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
5 |
23.8 | |
| | | | |||
|
Motorcyclist Status | | | |||
| |
Total |
21 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Driver |
13 |
61.9 | |
| | |
Passenger |
8 |
38.1 | |
| | |
Person boarding or alighting |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Person on outside of motor vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
----- |
----- | |
| | | | |||
|
Counterpart for Motorcycle Crash | |
| |||
|
|
Total |
21 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Automobile |
3 |
14.3 | |
| | |
Pickup truck or van |
-----* |
----- | |
| | |
Heavy transport vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Bus |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
3-wheel motor vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Motorcycle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Railway train/vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Pedal cycle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Pedestrian |
1 |
4.8 | |
| | |
Animal or animal-drawn vehicle |
3 |
14.3 | |
| | |
Fixed or stationary object |
3 |
14.3 | |
| | |
No counterpart |
9 |
42.9 | |
| | |
Other specified |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
2 |
9.5 | |
| | | | |||
|
Traffic-Relatedness for | | | |||
|
Pedal Cyclist Injuries | | | |||
| |
Total |
20 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Traffic-related |
8 |
40.0 | |
| | |
Nontraffic-related |
1 |
5.0 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
11 |
55.0 | |
| | | | |||
|
Counterpart for Pedal Cycle Crash | |
| |||
|
|
Total |
20 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Automobile |
3 |
15.0 | |
| | |
Pickup truck or van |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Heavy transport vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Bus |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
3-wheel motor vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Motorcycle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Railway train/vehicle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Pedal cycle |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Pedestrian |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Animal or animal-drawn vehicle |
1 |
5.0 | |
| | |
Fixed or stationary object |
2 |
10.0 | |
| | |
No counterpart |
13 |
65.0 | |
| | |
Other specified |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
1 |
5.0 | |
| | | | |||
|
Source of Force Applied for | | | |||
|
Struck By/Against Injuries | | | |||
| |
Total |
389 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Human |
111 |
28.5 | |
| | |
Animal |
3 |
0.8 | |
| | |
Inanimate object or force |
256 |
65.8 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
19 |
4.9 | |
| | | | |||
|
Type of Force Applied for | | | |||
|
Struck By/Against Injuries | | | |||
| |
Total |
389 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Struck by |
219 |
56.3 | |
| | |
Crushed by |
63 |
16.2 | |
| | |
Struck against |
103 |
26.5 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
4 |
1.0 | |
| | | | |||
|
Type of Firearm Used in | | | |||
|
Gunshot Injuries | | | |||
| |
Total |
17 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Handgun |
7 |
41.2 | |
| | |
Rifle |
-----* |
----- | |
| | |
Shotgun |
1 |
5.9 | |
| | |
Larger firearm |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
9 |
52.9 | |
| | | | |||
|
Type of Stabbing Weapon, Instrument, | |
| |||
|
or Object in Cut/Pierce Injuries | |
| |||
|
|
Total |
294 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Knife |
68 |
23.1 | |
| | |
Sharp instrument/tool other than knife |
45 |
15.3 | |
| | |
Sharp glass |
40 |
13.6 | |
| | |
Other specified |
109 |
37.1 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
32 |
10.9 | |
| | | | |||
|
Type of Burn in Fire/Burn Injuries | |
| |||
|
|
Total |
33 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Fire/flame |
3 |
9.1 | |
| | |
Hot object |
14 |
42.4 | |
| | |
Hot liquid |
11 |
33.3 | |
| | |
Steam |
1 |
3.0 | |
| | |
Chemical |
1 |
3.0 | |
| | |
Other specified |
2 |
6.1 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
1 |
3.0 | |
| | | | |||
|
Type of Poisoning | | | |||
| |
Total |
35 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Drug (excludes alcohol) |
25 |
71.4 | |
| | |
Alcohol |
2 |
5.7 | |
| | |
Chemical |
3 |
8.6 | |
| | |
Other specified |
4 |
11.4 | |
| | |
Not recorded/unknown |
1 |
2.9 | |
| | | | |||
|
Other Specified Mechanisms | | | |||
| |
Total |
132 |
100.0 | ||
| |
|
Railway/streetcar |
-----* |
----- | |
| | |
Water transport |
1 |
0.8 | |
| | |
Air transport |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Thrown or fallen from animal or |
1 |
0.8 | |
| | | |
animal-drawn vehicle |
| |
| | |
Other transport |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Inhalation/ingestion of food |
2 |
1.5 | |
| | | |
(blocking airway) |
| |
| | |
Inhalation/ingestion of other objects |
3 |
2.3 | |
| | | |
(blocking airway) |
| |
| | |
Hanging or strangulation |
3 |
2.3 | |
| | |
Suffocation |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Entrapment in closed space |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Venomous bite or sting |
11 |
8.3 | |
| | |
Human bite |
12 |
9.1 | |
| | |
Dog bite |
24 |
18.2 | |
| | |
Bite by animal other than dog |
31 |
23.5 | |
| | |
Sting |
3 |
2.3 | |
| | |
Fireworks explosion |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Explosive blast |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
BB or pellet gunshot |
2 |
1.5 | |
| | |
Other firearm |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Lightning |
1 |
0.8 | |
| | |
Electrical current |
2 |
1.5 | |
| | |
Radiation |
1 |
0.8 | |
| | |
Welding |
1 |
0.8 | |
| | |
Machinery |
6 |
4.5 | |
| | |
Exposure to excessive natural heat |
2 |
1.5 | |
| | |
Exposure to excessive natural cold |
1 |
0.8 | |
| | |
Sunlight |
1 |
0.8 | |
| | |
Natural disaster |
----- |
----- | |
| | |
Other specified |
24 |
18.2 | |
Figure 1. Average Kappa Statistic,* with 95% Confidence Interval, between Coders and the Gold Standard, by Selected Data Elements and Substudy Groups: CDC’s Short ICECI Pilot Study
* The kappa statistic measures the percent agreement beyond what can be expected by chance alone.Values of kappa >75% are considered to be excellent, and values between 40% and 75% represent fair to good agreement.5
|