Strategies for market orientation of small scale milk producers and their organisations. Proceedings of a worshop held at Mogororo Hotel, Mogororo, Tanzania, 20-24 March 1995. (1995): Session 5: Comparative evaluation of dairy marketing systems.: Competitive performance of formal and informal milk marketing channels in Northern Tanzania: The case of Hai district: References

Strategies for market orientation of small scale milk producers and their organisations. Proceedings of a worshop held at Mogororo Hotel, Mogororo, Tanzania, 20-24 March 1995. (1995)

Session 5: Comparative evaluation of dairy marketing systems.

Competitive performance of formal and informal milk marketing channels in Northern Tanzania: The case of Hai district

		(introduction...)
		Introduction
		Formal and informal marketing channels in the marketing system for milk in Hai district
		Methodology
		Results and discussion
		Producer prices
		Timeliness in effecting payments to producers
		Consumer prices
		Marketing costs and margins
		Conclusions
		References

References

Due, J. (1987). Review, economic policies and agricultural performance of low income countries, Paris, OECD, Lecaillon, J., C. Morrison, H. Scneider and E. Thorbecke

Kaynak, E. (1985). World Food Marketing Systems: Integrative Statement. In: Kaynak, E. (ed). World Food Marketing Systems, Butterworths.

Kohls, R.L. and J.N. Uhl (1985). Marketing of agricultural products (Sixth edition). Collier MacMillan, Lon don. in expensive processing facilities for pasteurization are unnecessary since it can be achieved at a lower cost by boiling. Widespread boiling of milk by consumers can further be encouraged through an education programme.

MALD (1990). Report of the task - force regarding the future of Tanzania Daries Limited (With special reference to Arusha plant). Agricultural planning and Marketing Division, Project preparation and Monitoring Bureau, PPMB, Dar es Salaam.

Mdoe, N (1993). Smallholder dairy production and Marketing of milk in Hai District, Tanzania. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, University of Reading.

Ministry of Livestock Development (1983). The Livestock Policy of Tanzania. Ministry of Livestock Development. Government Printer, bar es Salaam.

DISCUSSION

Q. A.A. OKWENYE

Small traders are often accused of adulteration of milk quality. What quality standards were used?

Response: Nyange

Quality was not considered in the study.

Q. W.G. MTETI

a) Is it sustainable for the cooperatives to continue selling milk particularly for those which got assistance from outside when the assistance is withdrawn.
b) The cooperatives marketing has some external assistance in marketing milk. If the donors withdraw, are the Operations going to be sustainable?

Response:

a) With good management a good number of them are sustainable, for example the Nnroga Women cooperative Society, have bought their own vehicle after the assistance was withdrawn.
b) It is hoped that they are going to be sustainable because some of them have shown their move to be stable and sustainable.