Multiple frame agricultural surveys. v. 1: Current surveys based on area and list sampling methods. (FAO Statistical Development Series - 7) (1996)

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FOREWORD

INTRODUCTION

PART I. CURRENT AGRICULTURAL SURVEYS

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CHAPTER 1 - CURRENT AGRICULTURAL SURVEY OBJECTIVES

1.1 Existing Knowledge and Available Agricultural Data

1.2 Survey Objectives and Survey Variables

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1.2.1 Agricultural Holdings, Holders and Respondents

1.2.2 Survey Area and Reporting Units of Survey Variables

1.2.3 Basic Types of Agricultural Surveys

1.2.4 Sample Design and Survey Design of Probability Sample Surveys

CHAPTER 2 - ALTERNATIVE CURRENT AGRICULTURAL SURVEY DESIGNS

2.1 Sampling Frames for Agricultural Probability Sample Surveys

2.2 List Frame Sample Surveys

2.3 Area Frame Sample Surveys

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2.3.1 Area Sample Designs with Segments that have Identifiable Permanent Physical Boundaries (Type I)

2.3.2 Area Sample Designs with Square Segments (Type II)

2.3.3 Area Sample Designs with Segments that coincide with the Land of Agricultural Holdings (Type III)- Point Sampling of Holdings

2.3.4 Development of Area Sampling Designs and Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

2.4 Multiple Frame Sample Surveys

2.5 Comparison of Alternative Agricultural Survey Designs

PART II: AREA SAMPLE DESIGNS WITH SEGMENTS THAT HAVE IDENTIFIABLE PHYSICAL BOUNDARIES

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CHAPTER 3 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SURVEY DESIGN

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3.1 Overview of the Area Sample Survey Design

3.2 Criteria for Area Frame Construction and Determination of the Main Parameters of the Survey Design

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3.2.1 Frame Boundaries

3.2.2 Land-Use Strata Definitions

3.2.3 Strata Boundaries and Minimum Block Size

3.2.4 Target Segment Size in Each Strata

3.2.5 Sample Size and Allocation to Strata

3.2.6 Subdivision of Strata into PSUs. Size of PSUs, Strata and Total Frame Size

3.2.7 Ordering of PSUs within Strata

3.2.8 Replicated Sampling Selection Methods

3.2.9 Special Sampling Frames

3.3 Pilot Surveys

CHAPTER 4 - ESTIMATION METHODS

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4.1 Methods to Associate Segments with Reporting Units (Holdings or Tracts) to Define the Survey Variables

4.2 Direct Expansion Area Sample Estimators

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4.2.1 Closed Segment Estimator

4.2.2 Weighted Segment Estimator

4.2.3 Open Segment Estimator

4.3 Variances for the Direct Area Sample Estimators

4.4 Ratio Area Sample Estimators and their Variances

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4.4.1 Within Survey Ratios

4.4.2 Between Survey Ratios

CHAPTER 5 - RESOURCES REQUIRED

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5.1 Cartographic Materials: Maps, Satellite Images and Aerial Photos

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5.1.1 Maps

5.1.2 Satellite Images

5.1.3 Aerial Photography

5.2 Personnel

5.3 Area Measurement and Scale-Transfer Instruments

5.4 Computers and Vehicles

5.5 Miscellaneous Equipment and Supplies

5.6 Office Space

CHAPTER 6 - CONSTRUCTION OF THE AREA SAMPLING FRAME: LAND-USE STRATA AND PSUs

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6.1 General Procedure for Area Frame Construction with Full Cartographic Materials

6.2 Area Frame Construction with Maps and Aerial Photography. Construction of a Photo-Mosaic

6.3 Area Frame Construction with Maps Alone

6.4 Area Frame Construction with Aerial Photography Alone

6.5 Use of Satellite Images and Satellite Photos

CHAPTER 7 - SELECTION OF A REPLICATED SAMPLE OF SEGMENTS

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7.1 First Step: Selection of PSUs with Probability Proportional to Size Measures (PPS)

7.2 Second Step: Selection of a Segment within a Selected PSU, with Equal Probability (EPSEM)

7.3 Segment Photo Enlargements or Scale Drawings to Assist Data Collection

7.3.1 Determining the Scale and Securing Segment Photo Enlargements or Scale Drawings

7.3.2 Review of Segment Enlargements

7.4 Point Sampling Selection for Strata with Scarce Physical Boundaries

CHAPTER 8 - THE FIELD DATA COLLECTION

8.1 Preparing for Data Collection

8.1.1 Questionnaires and Forms

8.1.2 Timing

8.1.3 Hiring and Training Supervisors and Enumerators

8.1.4 Maps Showing the Location of Sample Segments

8.1.5 Equipment for Field Staff

8.2 Organization of Field Work

8.3 Enumeration Procedure

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8.3.1 Data Collection for the Tract as Reporting Unit (closed segment estimators)

8.3.2 Data Collection for the Holding as Reporting Unit (weighted and open segment estimators)

8.4 Supervision

CHAPTER 9 - DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS OF SURVEY RESULTS

9.1 Questionnaire Flow and Review (Editing)

9.2 Data Entry

9.3 Summary of Results. Data Analysis

9.3.1 Preliminary Tabulations

9.3.2 Estimates and their Coefficient of Variation

9.3.3 Treatment of Outliers in the Summary Calculations

9.3.4 Non response and Missing Data

PART III: THE MULTIPLE FRAME SURVEY DESIGN

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CHAPTER 10 - MULTIPLE FRAME ESTIMATORS AND THE LIST OF SPECIAL HOLDINGS

10.1 Multiple Frame Estimators

10.2 Construction of the Complementary List of Special Holdings

10.3 Data Collection for the List of Special Holdings

10.4 Examples of Multiple Frame Estimators and their Variances

CHAPTER 11 - SPECIAL TOPICS

11.1 Use of the Agricultural Census

11.2 Use of the Population and Housing Census

11.3 Classification Methods of Digital Satellite Data for Improving Area Sample Estimates of Selected Planted Crop Areas

11.4 Objective Yield Surveys

11.5 Some concluding views for the planning and implementation of multiple frame current agricultural surveys in developing countries

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