 | Activity, Energy Expenditure and Energy Requirements of Infants and Children (International Dietary Energy Consultative Group - IDECG, 1989, 412 pages) |
 |  | The relationship between undernutrition, activity levels and development in young children |
| | 5. Preliminary findings from a study of nutritional supplementation and psychosocial stimulation of stunted children |
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5.1. Developmental levels
On enrollment, all children were given developmental assessments with the Griffiths Test. The stunted groups combined had significantly lower DQs, and their scores were lower on each subscale (Table 4). Their mothers were given the Bettye Caldwell Home Inventory (CALDWELL, 1967), modified for Jamaica, and their standard of housing was assessed. When we controlled for the stimulation in the home, mothers' IQ and height, standard of housing, sex, age and birthweight of the child, the DQs of the stunted and non-stunted groups were still significantly different.
Table 4. Developmental quotients and anthropometry on enrollment by group
|
Stunted |
Non-stunted | |||
|
n = 129 |
n = 32 | |||
|
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD | |
|
DQ |
.2 |
9.0 ++ |
106.3 |
9.9 |
|
Locomotor |
101.7 |
12.0 ++ |
113.9 |
12.1 |
|
Hearing & speech |
96.3 |
12.9 ++ |
104.3 |
13.0 |
|
Hand & eye |
103.7 |
11.4 + |
109.0 |
13.6 |
|
Performance |
90.8 |
11.7 + |
98.0 |
13.2 |
|
Height-for-age ° |
-3.0 |
0.7 ++ |
0.1 |
0.6 |
|
Weight-for-height ° |
-1.0 |
0.7 ++ |
0.0 |
0.8 |
+
p < .05
++ p <
.01
° z-scores of the
NCHS.
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