
| Rapid Assessment Procedures : Ethnographic Methods to investigate Women's Health (International Nutrition Foundation - INF, 1998, 196 pages) |
|

DATA ANALYSIS FORM 2.2
Sample Data Presentation Matrix
Instructions: Fill out the following matrix on health providers interviewed in the community. Use local terms and expressions whenever possible.
|
Type of Health Practitioner |
Illnesses Treated (Main Categories) |
Types of Treatments Provided |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 3.1
Free Listing of Women's General
Problems (sample)
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Interviewer: |
Date: | |
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Name/lD No: |
Age: |
Marital Status: |
|
Location: |
No. of Children: |
Years of Education: |
|
Ethnic Background: |
Occupation: |
A. What are the problems that women have in (name of community/area)? (COMPLETE BEFORE MOVING ON TO QUESTION C)
|
PROBLEMS: |
FURTHER EXPLANATION: |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 3.2
Free Listing Tabulation of General
Women's Health Problems
|
Types of Problems (Categories) | |
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Term |
No. of Informants (N=15) |
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1. | |
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2. | |
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3. | |
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4. | |
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5. | |
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6. | |
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7. | |
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8. | |
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9. | |
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10. | |
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11. | |
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12. | |
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13. | |
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14. | |
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15. | |
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16. | |
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17. | |
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(Add lines and paper as needed) |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 4.1
Free Listing of Women's Health
Problems
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Interviewer: |
Date: | |
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Name/lD No. |
Age: |
Marital Status: |
|
Location: |
No. of Children: |
Years of Education: |
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Ethnic Background: |
Occupation: |
A. What are the illnesses that women suffer from in (name of community/area)?
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ILLNESSES: |
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS: Fill in this column by
asking the following question for each illness. This will help in identifying
which are illnesses and which are symptoms. |
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1. | |
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2. | |
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3. | |
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4. | |
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5. | |
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6. | |
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7. | |
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8. | |
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9. | |
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10. | |
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11. |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 4.2
Free Listing Tabulation of Women's
Illnesses
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Illness Terms (Categories) | |
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Term |
No. of Informants |
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1. | |
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2. | |
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3. | |
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4. | |
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5. | |
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6. | |
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7. | |
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8. | |
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9. | |
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10. | |
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11. | |
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12. | |
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13. | |
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14. | |
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(Add lines and paper as needed) |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 4.3
Free Listing Tabulation of Signs and
Symptoms of a Women's Illness (sample)
Signs and Symptoms Manifestation
General Class:
|
Manifestation Description |
No. of Informants |
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1. | |
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2. | |
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3. | |
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4. | |
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5. | |
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6. | |
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7. | |
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8. | |
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9. | |
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10. | |
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11. | |
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12. | |
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13. | |
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(Add lines and paper as needed) |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 5.1
Pile Sort of Women's Illnesses and
Symptoms/Signs
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Interviewer: |
Date: | |
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Name/lD No: |
Age: |
Marital Status: |
|
Location: |
No. of Children: |
Years of Education: |
|
Ethnic Background: |
Occupation: |
Instructions: Write the number (found on the opposite side of
each card) in the row of the appropriate pile.
After recording all the
piles, for each pile ask the informant for the reasons items were sorted into
the same pile. Record their responses in the column marked "Explanation".
|
Pile |
Cards |
Explanation | ||||||
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1. | ||||||||
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2. | ||||||||
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3. | ||||||||
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4. | ||||||||
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5. | ||||||||
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6. | ||||||||
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7. | ||||||||
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8. | ||||||||
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9. | ||||||||
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 5.2
Proximities Matrix for Pile Sorts of
Women's Illnesses and Symptoms
Instructions: For ease of reference, record each illness category used for the pile sort in the appropriate space below.
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1. | |
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2. | |
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3. | |
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4. | |
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5. | |
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6. | |
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7. | |
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8. | |
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9. | |
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10. | |
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11. | |
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12. | |
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13. | |
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14. | |
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15. |
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Instructions: |
Examine the pile sort data (Form 5.1). Each time two illnesses are
in the same pile, place a hatch mark ('|') in the appropriate intersection box
in the matrix below. Use only the unshaded boxes. |
Aggregate Proximities Matrix
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ILLNESS NUMBER : | ||||||||||||||||
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 | ||
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I |
1 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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L |
2 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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L |
3 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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N |
4 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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E |
5 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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S |
6 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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S |
7 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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8 |
X | |||||||||||||||
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9 |
X | |||||||||||||||
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N |
10 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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U |
11 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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M |
12 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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B |
13 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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E |
14 |
X | ||||||||||||||
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R |
15 |
X | ||||||||||||||
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 5.3
Tabulation Sheet for the Pile Sorts
of Women's Illnesses (sample)
Instructions:
Most Close: From Form 5.2, find the 8 to 10 pairs of illnesses that were most frequently placed in the same pile. Write the names of the two illnesses and the percent of times they were put together in the same pile in descending order of frequency. On the righthand side, write the most common explanations for why items were seen as similar.
Most Distant: Now find the 5 to 6 pairs of illnesses that were least frequently placed in the same pile. Write the names of the two illnesses and the percent of times they were put together in the same pile in descending order of frequency. On the righthand side, write the most common explanations for why items were seen as different.
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Most Close (Top 8 - 10) | |||
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Illness |
Illness |
% |
Explanations for "Closeness" |
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1. | |||
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2. | |||
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3. | |||
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4. | |||
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5. | |||
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6. | |||
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7. | |||
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8. | |||
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9. | |||
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10. | |||
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Most Distant (Top 5 - 6) | |||
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Illness |
Illness |
% |
Explanations for "Distance" |
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1. | |||
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2. | |||
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3. | |||
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4. | |||
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5. | |||
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6. | |||
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 6.2
Tabulation of Practioners who Serve
Women
Type of Practitioners
Illness Term: ______
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Practitioner Name |
Type |
Location |
No. Informants |
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1. | |||
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2. | |||
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3. | |||
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4. | |||
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5. | |||
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6. | |||
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7. | |||
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8. | |||
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9. | |||
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10. | |||
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11. | |||
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12. | |||
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(Add lines and paper as needed) |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 7.1
Recording Form for Paired
Comparison of Practitioners and Illness Term
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Interviewer: |
Date: | |
|
Name/lD No: |
Age |
Marital Status: |
|
Location: |
No. of Children: |
Years of Education: |
|
Ethnic Background: |
Occupation: | |
|
Illness term |
Directions: As you conduct the interview, circle the respondent's choice of provider and write down the reason given for each pair. Remember: Each worksheet should present the pairs in a different randomized order.
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Pairs Of Practitioners | ||
|
Letter Code |
Practitioners Names |
Explanation For Why Practitioner Was
Selected |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 7.2
Ranking of Practitioners
Illness Term: _______
|
Number of "Votes" | ||||||
|
Informant |
Practitioner | |||||
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A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F | |
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1 | ||||||
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2 | ||||||
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3 | ||||||
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4 | ||||||
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5 | ||||||
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6 | ||||||
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7 | ||||||
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8 | ||||||
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9 | ||||||
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10 | ||||||
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11 | ||||||
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12 | ||||||
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TOTAL | ||||||
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 7.3
Tabulation Sheet for Practitioner
Characteristics
Illness Term: ______
|
Practitioner Codes | ||
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A. |
C. |
E. |
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B. |
D. |
F. |
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Number of Respondents Giving Reason | |||||||
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Practitioner | |||||||
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Reason for Choosing: |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
TOTAL |
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1. | |||||||
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2. | |||||||
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3. | |||||||
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4. | |||||||
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5. | |||||||
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6. | |||||||
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7. | |||||||
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8. | |||||||
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9. | |||||||
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10. | |||||||
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11. | |||||||
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12. | |||||||
DATA COLLECTION FORM 10.1
Illness Narrative Recording
Form
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Interviewer: |
Date: | |
|
Name/lD No: |
Age: |
Marital Status: |
|
Location: |
No. of Children: |
Years of Education: |
|
Ethnic Background: |
Occupation: |
When episode
occurred:
______________________________________________________________________
Main
signs/symptoms:
______________________________________________________________________
Illness
name:
______________________________________________________________________
Perceived
cause(s):
______________________________________________________________________
Triggering symptoms (or length of time that symptoms persist) for
care-seeking:
______________________________________________________________________
Home use of drugs before care-seeking (and who in the home suggested or prepared)
Remedies:
Drugs:
______________________________________________________________________
Who made decision and who went to
provider:
______________________________________________________________________
Financial arrangements and other constraints to
care:
______________________________________________________________________
Appetite, fluid, and food intake during episode:
DATA COLLECTION FORM 10.2
Day-to-Day Illness Narrative
Recording Form
Illness Term: ______
|
Record sequence of symptoms and care, by day, in the
calendar below: | |||
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Day of Illness Episode |
Signs/symptoms |
Home remedies used (give order) |
Treatment sought |
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1 | |||
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2 | |||
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3 | |||
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4 | |||
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5 | |||
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6 | |||
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7 | |||
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8 | |||
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9 | |||
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 10.3
Case Summary Form for an Illness
Category
Illness Name:
|
Case __ |
Woman's Age: __ |
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Signs and Symptoms: |
Cause(s): |
Home Treatment: |
Practitioner: |
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1. |
1. | ||
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2. |
2. | ||
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3. |
3. | ||
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4. |
4. | ||
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5. |
5. |
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Case __ |
Woman's Age: __ |
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Signs and Symptoms: |
Cause(s): |
Home Treatment: |
Practitioner: |
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1. |
1. | ||
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2. |
2. | ||
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3. |
3. | ||
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4. |
4. | ||
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5. |
5. |
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Case __ |
Woman's Age: __ |
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Signs and Symptoms: |
Cause(s): |
Home Treatment: |
Practitioner: |
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1. |
1. | ||
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2. |
2. | ||
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3. |
3. | ||
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4. |
4. | ||
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5. |
5. |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 10.4
Illness Summary Sheet
Illness Name:
|
Signs and Symptoms: |
Number |
Comments: |
|
Causes: |
Comments: | |
|
Home treatment : |
Comments: | |
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Practitioner: |
Comments: | |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 11.1
Direct Observation
Identification
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Observer: |
Date: | |
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Name/lD No. of Focal Woman |
Age: | |
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Location: |
Ethnic Background: |
Occupation: |
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Important Actors | |||
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Identification |
Sex |
Age |
Other |
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A. | |||
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B. | |||
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C. | |||
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D. | |||
|
E. | |||
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F. | |||
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G. | |||
|
H. | |||
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Draw a picture of the observation site. (You may wish to mark
individual's locations using their identification letter
above.) | |||
Key:
DATA COLLECTION FORM 11.2
Observation Event Matrix
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Page of | |||
|
Time |
Actor(s) |
Activity/Event |
Codes |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 11.3
Overall Tabulation of Women's
Activities
|
Code |
Activity |
# Times Observed |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 11.4
Women's Daily Activities
Composite
|
Main Activities | ||||
|
Time |
Child Care |
Washing |
Cooking |
Income-Generating |
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5:00 | ||||
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6:00 | ||||
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7:00 | ||||
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8:00 | ||||
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9:00 | ||||
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10:00 | ||||
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11:00 | ||||
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12:00 | ||||
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13:00 | ||||
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14:00 | ||||
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15:00 | ||||
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16:00 | ||||
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17:00 | ||||
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18:00 | ||||
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19:00 | ||||
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20:00 | ||||
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21:00 | ||||
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22:00 | ||||
DATA COLLECTION FORM 12.1
Illness Severity Recording Sheet
(sample)
|
Interviewer: |
Date: | |
|
Name/lD No: |
Age: |
Marital Status: |
|
Location: |
No. of Children: |
Years of Education: |
|
Ethnic Background: |
Occupation: |
|
Severity Ratings | |||
|
Illness Term |
Pile 1 (Severe) |
Pile 2 (Intermediate) |
Pile 3 (Mild) |
Why are (read Pile-1 illnesses) severe?
________________________
Why are (read Pile-2 illnesses) neither mild nor
severe? ________________________
Why are (read Pile-3 illnesses) mild?
________________________
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 12.2
Illness Severity Tabulation
Sheet
|
Severity Ratings | |||||
|
Illness Term |
Severe (2) |
Intermediate (1) |
Mild(0) |
Raw Score |
Rank |
On a second copy of this form, illness terms can be re-ordered in order of decreasing severity scores.
DATA COLLECTION FORM 13.1
Perceived Causes of Common
Illnesses
|
Interviewer: |
Date: | |
|
/ID No: |
Age: |
Marital Status: |
|
Location: |
No. of Children: |
Years of education: |
|
Ethnic Background: |
Occupation: |
We want to learn more about these illnesses of women. We are interested in your opinion about the cause of these illnesses. What do you think is the cause of illness? [Probe to get complete answers ... in full sentences.]
|
Local Term/English Equivalent |
Reported Causes (Write in full sentences. Use local language
for key concepts). |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 13.2
Differences and Similarities
Between Common Women's
Illnesses
_______________________________________________________________
1. How are ______ and ______ different from each other, and how are they related?
How different:
How
related:
_______________________________________________________________
2. How are ______ and ______ different from each other, and how are they related?
How different:
How
related:
_______________________________________________________________
3. How are ______ and ______ different from each other, and how are they related?
How different:
How
related:
_______________________________________________________________
4. How are these three illnesses related to ______? To ______? To ______?
How different:
How
related:
_______________________________________________________________
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 13.3
Comparing Interrelationships Between
Illnesses
|
Illness 1 |
Illness 2 |
Reason For Difference |
Frequency |
Reason For Similarity |
Frequency |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 13.4
Creating an Ethnomedical Model of
Illnesses
|
Causes |
Illnesses (Early Stage) |
Illnesses (Later Stage) |
Signs/Symptoms |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 14.2
Location of Internal Organs
Short Free List:
What are the different organs in a woman's body?
1. _________________________
2. _________________________
3.
_________________________
4. _________________________
5.
_________________________
6. _________________________
Where are they located in a woman's body?
(Draw on this figure with the guidance of the informant, who can point to place on figure.)
Where does food go? (Draw)
Where does a baby grow?
(Draw)
__________________________________________________
Printed with permission from Nandini
Oomman
__________________________________________________
DATA RECORDING FORM 14.3
Location of Illnesses
Choose one of the health problems mentioned by the women:
Health Problem # _________________ Health Problem Name_________________
Code the following:
Where does it start?
Where does it
go?
How does it relate to other
organs?
__________________________________________________
Printed with permission from Nandini Oomman
(1995)
__________________________________________________
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 14.4
Consensus Picture of Woman's Body:
Location of Internal Organs and Important Illnesses
|
Key Organs: | |
|
A. | |
|
B. | |
|
C. | |
|
D. | |
|
E. | |
|
G. | |
|
H. | |
|
I. | |
|
Illness: | |
|
1. | |
|
2. |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 15.1
Collection of Successive Pile Sort
Data
Women's Health Problems en's Health Problems

DATA ANALYSIS FORM 15.2
Tabulation of Successive Pile Sort
Responses
|
Level |
Terms |
#Responses |
|
1. | ||
|
2. | ||
|
3. | ||
|
4. | ||
DATA COLLECTION FORM 16.1
Scenario Recording Form
|
Interviewer: |
Date: | |
|
Name/lD No: |
Age: |
Type of Healer: |
|
Location: |
No. of Children: |
Years of education: |
Scenario No. and Type: 3 mother of two children with safed paani
Diagnosis:
What the woman should do:
What illness the woman has:
Other information respondent would like to
have:
__________________________________________________________
Home Remedies:
What should be done:
How soon to see response:
Evidence she is getting
better:
__________________________________________________________
Care-Seeking:
Place and type of provider:
Treatment expected:
How soon to see response:
Next steps if woman does not
improve:
__________________________________________________________
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 16.2
Tabulation Sheet for Diagnosis with
Scenarios
|
Diagnosis |
Scenario Number | |||
|
What the woman has |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
Other information respondent would like to have |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 16.3
Tabulation Sheet for Home Remedy
Treatments with Scenarios
|
Home Remedy |
Scenario Number | |||
|
What the woman should do |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
How soon to see response |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
Next steps if woman does not improve |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 16.4
Tabulation Sheet for Outside Home
Care-Seeking with Scenarios
|
Home Remedy |
Scenario Number | |||
|
What the woman should do |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
How soon to see response |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
Next steps if woman does not improve |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
DATA COLLECTION FORM 17.1
Direct Observation (sample)
|
Observer: |
Date: |
|
Name/lD No: |
Age: |
|
Location: |
Ethnic Background: |
Actors (healers, patients, etc.)
|
Identification |
Sex |
Age |
Comments |
|
A. | |||
|
B. | |||
|
C. | |||
|
D. | |||
|
E. | |||
|
F. | |||
Draw a picture of the observation site. (Show individual's locations using their identification letter (above).
DATA COLLECTION FORM 17.2
Observation Event Matrix
|
Page __of __ | |||
|
Time |
Actor(s) |
Activity/Event |
Codes |
DATA ANALYSIS FORM 17.3
Tabulation of Events in Health
Treatment Setting
|
Code |
Activity |
# Times Observed |