Abstracts on Sustainable Agriculture (GTZ, 1992, 423 p.): Abstracts on farming systems research and development: 10. Linkages between on-farm research and extension in nine countries.

Abstracts on Sustainable Agriculture (GTZ, 1992, 423 p.)

Abstracts on farming systems research and development

		Acknowledgements
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10. Linkages between on-farm research and extension in nine countries.

OFCOR Comparative Study No.4; Int. Service for Nat. Agric. Research, The

Hague, Netherlands, 28 pp. + references

ISNAR initiated a major study on the organization and management of on-farm, client-oriented research (OFCOR) in national agricultural research systems (NARS).

In this study, OFCOR programs are analyzed in terms of the functions OFCOR can perform within the larger research and extension process.

The intention is to provide a body of practical experience upon which research managers can draw as they strive to strengthen OFCOR as an integral part of their research systems.

The study focuses directly on the issues of implementation and institutionalization.

By region, the countries studied are:

- Latin America: Ecuador, Guatemala, Panama
- Africa: Senegal, Zambia, Zimbabwe
- Asia: Bangladesh, Indonesia, Nepal

The case studies provide important insights and lessons on the general issues, as well as specific guidance for research policy and the organization and management of OFCOR in their countries.

The cases reflect a variety of institutional settings and strategies for introducing and developing OFCOR. They also reflect the broad range of models used in the organization and management of OFCOR. The profiles outlined highlight the features of each case.

The study is organized as follows:

- In Chapter 1, the relationship between on-farm research and extension is contrasted in three countries - Guatemala, Nepal and Zambia.
- Chapter 2 draws on evidence from all nine countries to analyze the experience with six mechanisms for linking on-farm research and extension.
- Chapter 3 points out the lessons that emerge from the case studies for research managers using on-farm research as a means of strengthening the links between research and extension.

The case studies report several examples of links between research and extension that have not lasted.

The most successful cases of institutionalization are those where links have been forged simultaneously at several levels of the administrative hierarchies of the organizations involved. Good cooperation at the field level is impossible to sustain unless regular opportunities to meet and work together are actively supported by management.

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Farming systems research and development

Review, agricultural research, resource-poor farmer, farmer participation, research management, ISNAR
BIGGS, S.D.