From Vicious to Virtuous Circles? Gender and Micro-Enterprise Development (UNRISD, 1995, 71 p.)

(introduction...)

PREFACE

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

PART I: POVERTY, GENDER INEQUALITY AND WOMEN’S ENTREPRENEURSHIP: APPROACHES AND ISSUES1

(introduction...)

GENDER AND MICRO-ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT: CONTRASTING APPROACHES

FROM INCOME GENERATION TO MICRO-ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT

THE MARKET APPROACH

POVERTY, GENDER INEQUALITY AND WOMEN’S ENTREPRENEURSHIP: SOME WIDER ISSUES

(introduction...)

INDEPENDENCE OR VULNERABILITY? A CRITICAL LOOK AT THE SMALL-SCALE SECTOR

SOME WIDER QUESTIONS ABOUT WOMEN’S NEEDS, INTERESTS AND MICRO-ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT

PART II: FROM VICIOUS TO VIRTUOUS CIRCLES? WOMEN’S ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND MICRO-ENTERPRISE PROGRAMMES

(introduction...)

A QUESTION OF SKILLS AND BEHAVIOUR? SOME ISSUES FOR TRAINING PROGRAMMES

(introduction...)

RECENT EXPERIENCE OF TRAINING PROGRAMMES

THE LIMITS OF TRAINING: SOME ISSUES

THE MAGIC INGREDIENT? THE EXPERIENCE OF CREDIT PROGRAMMES

(introduction...)

THE EXPERIENCE

SOME WIDER QUESTIONS

MODELS FOR EMPOWERMENT? WOMEN’S PRODUCTION GROUPS AND CO-OPERATIVES

(introduction...)

INHERENT TENSIONS IN COLLECTIVE PRODUCTION?

BEYOND DOGMA: THE NEED FOR A MORE FLEXIBLE APPROACH

PART III: WHAT IS MICRO-ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT FOR WOMEN? WIDENING THE AGENDA

(introduction...)

“A PROBLEM FOR EVERY SOLUTION”: SOME CHALLENGES FOR THE NEW CONSENSUS

(introduction...)

TO HER WHO HATH? SOME QUESTIONS FOR THE MARKET APPROACH

THE LIMITS OF PARTICIPATION: SOME QUESTIONS FOR THE EMPOWERMENT APPROACH

LINKING ACCOUNTABILITY, PARTICIPATION AND WIDER IMPACT: THE CHALLENGE FOR DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES

A WIDER AGENDA

REFERENCES