 | How to Make? An Improved Soap .. Not just for more Foam (GTZ, 1993, 71 p.) |
 |  | C. Saponification of simple fats |
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C.VIII. Fat (pork)
It is obtained through melting (cooking) of pork fat.
Physical and chemical characteristics:
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Density at 15 °C: |
0,914 - 0,922 |
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Solidification point: |
22 to 32 °C |
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Iodine number: |
70 |
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Saponification value: |
193 - 202 |
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INS Factor: |
123 - 132 |
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Concentration of insaponifiable: |
0,1 - 1% |
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Concentration of indicated alkaline solution for saponification: |
8 to 15 °Be; |
The soda soap is white, hard and presents a fine and compact structure. Well soluble in water, it produces quickly an abundant stable foam, has a good washing power and produces a smooth effect on the skin.
Preparation of soap
Pre-treatment
If necessary, washing in boiling water can be used as method of purification of fat (pork).
Saponification
The soapmaking characteristics of fat are similar to those of tallow. As such, saponification should be done with light alkaline solutions.
The semi-hot process is well indicated as a technique of saponification.
Recipe:
100 Kg of purified fat;
68,80 Kg of caustic soda at 8
°Be;
30,35 Kg of caustic soda solution at 35 °Be.
Figure
How to conduct the operations:
- Weigh the quantity of fat and heat it in the boiler at about 55 - 60 °C;
- Stop the heating and add slowly and in small proportions the low concentration alkaline solution by stirring well (appearance of an emulsion);
- Then add progressively the strong alkaline solution by stirring (increasing temperature shows good saponification process);
- Let the temperature decrease progressively down to 50 °C and add the secondary products;
- Pour the soap into moulds;
- Leave it become cold and hard;
- Take out of the moulds and cut the blocks into bars (and eventually into pieces).
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