Two 30 MW Wind Power

Plants Got Funding

Growing interest is also shown in wind energy, particularly in the North- eastern region, where the potential for installing aerogenerators is larger.

For exasnple, COELCE, the util- in the state of Cearà, conducted the feasibility study and obtained international funding to install two 30 MW plants scheduled to start operating in 1999 and 2001.

PV Gaining Leading Role in the Rural Electrification

While the ethanol progamme is facing tremendous difficulties, renewables are gaining momentum again in research, development, and demonstration.

Rural electrification projects based on photovoltaics play a leading role. For instance, CEMIG, the utility in the state of Minas Gerais, plans to install 700 small systems (1 or 2 panels) this year and has a target of 4,000 projects by the end of 1998

Spread of Interest
Intemational Seminars

Two other international seminars on Solar and Wind Energy were held on August 5-9 1996 in Salvador (state of Bahia) and August 12-16, 1996 Florianopolis (state of Santa Catarina), well illustrating the spread of interest in these fields all over the country.

More information:

Emilio la Rovere, INforSE Latin America Coordinator, Brazil. IED - Instituto de Ecologia e Desenvolvimento, rua da Assemblera 10, sala 816 Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20119-900, Brazil.

Ph/fax: +55-21-531-2948 at Univ. Ph/fax:+55-21-2709995/-29066 26 Email: emilio@ppe.ufrj.br

Sustainable Energy Contacts - Worldwide

This is the INforSE worldwide list of NGOs and institutions working with renewable energy, energy efficiency, energy savings and sustainable energy development. The European pant of the list was published together with Sustainable Energy News 12, March 1996.

Abbreviations used in the list: act. - activities, ass. - association, busin. - business, dep. - department, dev. - development, env. environment(al), GO - governmental organization, int. - international, MO - member of, cMO - core members of, nat - national, NGO - non governmental organization, NPP - Nuclear Power Plant, org. - organization, prof - professional, RE - Renewable Energy, R&D - Research & Development, soc. - society, univ. - university.

The list is updated continously and will be published once a year. Please check if the information about your group is correct, and if there are any mistakes, please inform the editors of Sustainable Energy News If you know about any groups, which shall be included in the list, the editors would also appreciate having this information.

Gunnar Boye Olesen, INforSE, September 1996.

East Asia &Pacific
Australia

Alternative Technology Association

Nat. NGO. Promote RE, enviromental people- friendly alternatives Pub lishes "Soft Technology" magazine. Operates the 'Energymobile' display. 247 Flinders Lane, Melbourne, Victoria 3000

Att. Lance Turner
Ph: +61-3-9650-7X83
Fax:+61-3-9650-8574
E-mail: elaire@suburbia.apana.org.au

Australian Conservation Foundation ACF

Nat. NGO. Campaigns on conservation issues like global warming, RE, energy efficiency Bi-monthly periodical: Habitat.

ACF Library, 340 Gore St,
Fitzroy

Victoria 3065
Att. Sandra Cavanagh
Ph: +61-3-9416-1166 or 1-800332510
Fax: +61-3-9416-0767
E-mail: acflib@peg.apc.org

Banaba/Ocean Island News http://www.ion.eom.au/~banaban /. Plan a project on solar powered radio system.

Bnanaban Heritage Society Inc., PO Box 536, Mudgeoraba Q 4213

Att. Stacey M. King Ph: +61-755-305298 Fax: +61-755-305298 E-mail: banaban@ion.com.au

Centre for Photovoltaic Devices and Systems

An academic research center investigating photovoltaic devices, grid-connocted as well as stand-alone.

University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052

Att. Hugh Outhred, M. Guelden Ph: +61-2-3855457/2142721

Fax: +61-2-6624240
E-mail: m.guelden@unsw.edu.au

Friends of the Earth - Australia FOE
Local. Nat NGO. Campaigns on issues like uranium mining, transport, global warming.
15/104 Bathurst St, Sydney 2000
Att. Stuart White
Ph: +61-2-283-2004
Fax: +61-2-283-2005/66-22
0433(S.White)
E-mail: foesydney@peg.apc.org

Global Eco-village Network Oceania,Asia, Crystal Waters GEN http://www.gaia.org MS 16, 59, Crystal Water Permaculture Village, Qld 4552 Att. Max O. Lindegger Ph: +61-74-944741 Fax: +61-74-944578 E-mail: ecosol@peg.apc.org

Greenhouse Action Australia NGO. Info. Education, promote awereness and action to slow global warming 45 Wentworth St, Randwick, NSW 2031 Att. Fiona Mathews Ph: +61-2-398-1003 Fax. +61-2-398-1130

International Centre for Application of Solar Energy CASE Members are companies &the Government. Center of UNIDO promoting solar energy in developing countries. Established in 1994. Publish: Int Solar Energy News. Level 3, 81 St George'sTerrace, Perth WA 6000 Att. Gordon A. Thompson Ph: +61-9-321-7600 Fax +61-9-321-7497 E-mail: case@wantree.com.au

International Development Technologies Center, Faculty of Engineering Post Grad Cources in Technology for Developing Countries in Env. Enjoining. The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052 Att. Don Stewart Ph: +61-03-9344-7839 Fax: +61-03-9344-6868

ISES - Australia & New Zealand ANZSES Nat. NGO. Research association that promotes solar and other renewables. P.O. Box 124, Caulfield East, Victoria 3145

Att. David Mills.
Secretary
Ph: +61-3-9570-7900
Fax +61-3-9563-6860

New South Wales Department of Energy Strategic Policy Division, 29-57 Christie Street, St Leonards, NSW 2065 An. Chris Baker Ph: +61-2-901-8852 Fax +61-2-901-8646 E-mail: 100351.2674@compuserve.eom

Office of Energy, Energy
Conservation Unit, Gov. of
Western Australia
GO. Magazine: Energy Matters, biannually.
5th floor SGIO Atrium, 170 St
Georges Terrace, Perth WA
6000
Att. Joseph Wyder
Ph: +61-9-3211477
Fax: +61-9-3211474

Solar Energy Industries Association of Australia SEIAA Solar-energy industry assoc. approx 200 members nationally. Bi-monthly Newsletter. 1st floor, 505 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004 Att. Ray Prowse Ph: +61-3-9866-89M Fax +61-3-9866-8922 E-mail: solar@world.net

Sustainable Energy Industry Council of Australia SEICA Nat. Umbrella organisation of RE, energy-efficieney industries. Federal lobbying on energy policy &pro8rams. Aim to increase business and jobs in sustainable energy. P.O. Box411, Dickson, ACT 2602 Att. Carrie Sonneborn Ph: +61-6-241-9260 Fax. +61-6-241-9266 E-mail: lcs24@uow.edu.au

The Third Opinion NGO. Publish "The Third Opinion" quarterly. PO box K133, Haymariet 2000 AK Steve Broadbent/ Claire Gerson Ph: +61-02-283-2003 Fax. +61-02-283-2005 E-mail: fossydney@Peg.apc.org
China

INforSE contact person in China. Works with biogas and integrated farming systems, based on experiences from Southern China c/o Chan Sew Sen, PO Box 98442, Hong Kong AK George L. Chan Fax: +86-20-776 5006 e/o prof. Zhong Gongfu

Alternative Development
Asia W.5F, 3 Wood Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong
AK Sylvia Gilkes
Ph: +86-852-2574-9133
Fax: +86-852-2574-1997
E-mail: altdev@hk.super.net

Asia Pacific Regional Biogas
Research and Training Centre
BRTC
4 Duan Renming South Street,
Chengdu Siehnan 610041
AK Zhao Yizhang
Ph: +86-28-5553950
Fax: +86-28-5553756
E-mail: obrtc@skell.sesti.ac.cn

Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute China Solar Energy Society. No. 3 Hua Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083 Att. Jinag Xinian, Meng Xiangan Ph: +86-12018887/-2017009 Fax: +86-10-2012880

China National Photovoltaic
Technology Development Center GO research
Wen Er Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang
310012
Att. Tang Jun, Zhou Xing Fa
Ph: +86-0571-8840763
Fax: +86-0571-8823621

Committee for Integrated Survey of Natural Resources CISNAR INforSE contact in China. I l Nauzhanguan Nanli, Beijing 100026 AK Qi Wenhu Ph: +86-1-491 7814 Fax: +86-1491 4230
Sustainable Energy Contacts - Worldwide

Committee for Integrated Survey of Natural Resources CISNAR
Street address: I I, Nanzhanguan Nanli, 10026 Beijing Associate member of INforSE.
Chinese Academy of Sciences PO Box 9717 Beijing 100101
Att. Shen Cbang-Jiang, Prof Ph: +86-1-4917814
Fax +86-1-4914230

Hangzhou International Center on Small Hydro Power HIC
Office of the International Network on Small Hydro Power (IN-SHP) es tablished in 1984. Newsletter. Medium Small Hydro Power &Equipment.
PO Box 607, 4 Baisha Road, 4 Baisha Road, Hangzhou 310006
Ph: +86-S71-70S5489t-70S5491A 7053105
Fax +86-571-7055492

Hangzhou Regional Center for Small Hydropower HRC
Int. NGO. Sponsored by UNDP/UNIDO & the Chinese Government. Established in 1981. Training R&D, info, consutitution globally esp. among developing countries. Publish Newsletter.
20 Jisagong San Road, Hangzhou 310012
Att. Li Ji &Ding Hui Shen
Pb: +86-571-8086586t8074424 Fax +84571-8062934
Tianjin Geothermal Research and Training Center, Tianjin University
Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072
An. Meng Xianji, Si Sbi Vong Pb: +86-22-3358803
Fax +86-22-33S8329
Fiji
Forum Secretarbte, Renewable

The mandate of the Forum covers 13 countries in the South & Central Pacific like Cook Islands Fed. States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands Nauru, Niue, Papua New Guinea Solomon

Energy Division, G.P.O. Box 856, Suva

Att. Nick Wardrop
Ph: +67-312600t-303106
Fax +679-303828t-302203

E-mail: nicil@lforumaec.np.

Indonesia
ASEAN Sub Committee on Non-Conventional Energy Research SCNCER
Nat Int GO. RhD, studies in nonconv. energy, member of ASEAN counties publishes a newsletter from Bankok c/o R&D Centre for Applied Physics EIPI, Japan Cisitu/Sangkuriang, Rompieb LIPI Bandung 40135
Att. Suwart Martoeudirio Dr. Ps: +62-22-250 3052
Fax +62-22-2503050

Kelompok Studi Ekologi
JL. Jeadral Ahmad Yani, Gang
Pdita 4,Pekanbuu 28127
Att. Hendra Yursan Siry
Ph +62-0761-22721
WALHI, Wahana Lingkungan
Hidup Indonesia FOE
NGO.
Jalan Mampang, Prapatan XV/41,
Jakarta 12790
Att Zulkamaen, Amung
Ph: +62-21-7941672
Fax +62-21-7941673.
E-mail: walbi@igc.apc.org

Yayasan Gernl NastiU GENI NGO. Socio-political aiternatives. Bimonthiy bulletin ASAP in Indonosian. NGO library witn 25,000 bools. MO: CANSEA. PO Box 166, Jalan Cemara 11 No 25., Salatiga 50711 Att Bimo Mrl Ery Sutrismo Mr. Pb: +62-298-22418 Fax: +62-298-24050 E-mail: genif@algeni.nusa.or.id

Japan

Launching International Solar and
Earth Day.
3014 2FC Shoan, Suginami-ku,
Tokyo-167
Att. S.M. Mizanur Rahman

Citizens' Nuclear Information
Center
NGO. Anti-nuclear.
1-59-14-302, Higashi-Nakano,
Nahno, Tokyo 164
An Obayssi Mita, Me
Ph: +81-3-5330 9520
Fax: +81-3-5330 9530
Decentralized Enargy Research
Group
More member of INforSE.
2-9-4, Asano Bldg 401, Toshima-icu
Ritacotsula, Tokyo 170
Att. Du Natakima, Gen. Secr.
Ph: +81-3-35764061
Fax: +81-3-35767298
E-mail: dai@pa.aix orjp

Friends of tho Earth - Japan FOE NGO. 4-8-15 Nakameguro, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153 Att. Aya Saitob Ms Pb: +81-3-3760-88S3 Fax: +81-3-3760-6959 E-mail: foejapan@igc.apc.org

Japan Center for a Sustainable Environment and Soviety JACSES 2F Dai-32 Kowa Bldg., 5-2-32 Minuni Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106 Att. Jiro Adachi, Mr Ph: +81-3-3447-9515 Fax: +81-3-3447-9383

Japan Scientists Association JSA
Chasu Bldg. 9F, 1-9-16 Yushima,
Buakyo-ku, Tokyo 113
Att. Eiishi Nishikawa
Ph: +81-3-3812 1472
Fax: +81-3-3813-2363

E-mail: e-nskv@cc.kshason.ac.jp

Peoples' Forum 2001 NGO. Established to follow up the agenda at at the Gbbal Forum. 1-20-6 Maruko Bldg SR, Higa&luUeao, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110 Ad. Setsuko Sumino Ph: +81-3-38342436 Fax: +81-3-38342406

Research Cental for Advanced Science & Technology, The University of Tokyo Nat. Research on urban systems for sustainable society, energy, water, waste system Division of Urban Enviromental Systen, Romaba 401, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153 Ad. Tetsonaci lids, Mr Ph: +81-3-3481-4445 Fax: +81-3-3481-4582 E-mail: t-iidal@bnn-net.or.jp

Society tor Natural Light, Part from Nuclear Power NGO. Facuity of Science Hiroshima University, 1-21-35 Korimoto, Kageshima Ad. TaLoo Hashizume Pb +81-992 85-8077 Fax: +81-992-85-8029

Climate Actions Network South
East Asia CANSEA
NGO. Publishes "SEANews". MO:
CAN.
PO Box 382, PO Box 382, 46740064
Petaling JsysAtt Gurmit Singb
Ph: +60-3-7757767
Fax: +60-3-7757767 mail: epsn@peg.apc.org or
Malaysian Nature Society
NGO. MO: CANSEA.
34 Jsisn Bukitldaman Ul,68100 Batu
Caves, Selulgor
Att. G´uy Lim; Lco Su Win
Ph: +60-3-616-5259
Fax: +60-3-616-5258
E-mail: mn@nabac.po.my

Mongolia ABE Co Ud Stand-alone PV dt vend/PV hybrid systems, Single ~ Semi cry~allinc aoler cdle, RJ~D, moborological mca~ urement, production tochnology. PO Box 591, Ulsanbu~-13 Att. T. Galbenbr Pb: +976-1-321336 F - c +976-1-325794 E-mail: galbat~magicnct.mn

Adventid Dc. - iopnent and Rclhf Allancy ADR´V Mon Nat. NGO. PV, passive solar, auperir~dion, staw belc houso. PO. Box 1038, Ulaan Baatar 210613 Alt. scon Cbristiansen Ph: +976-1-323086 Fa~c +976-1-323086 E-mail: uiramon~lmagicact.mn

Hong Kolng Academy of Sciences
Sukbb~ubr Sq. 3, Ulaanbeatar
An. Chandraa Basbryn
Ph: +976-1-327827
Fax +976-1-321638

Sustainable Energy Contacts - Worldwide

Philippines
AGTALON
NGO. Associate member of INforSE.
Nalsian, Manaoag, 2430, Pangasinan
Att. Joy S. Santos
Ph: +63-75-5290-239/ 75-5290-473
Fax: +63-75-5290-239

Balayan NGO. Community Extention and Volunteer Formation in environment. Campu s Conscientization Program , University of St La Saile, Bacolod City 6100 An. Wovi Wong Villanueva

Department of Energy GO.
Non-Conventional Energy Division,
Marritt Road, Fort Bonifacio, Makati,
Metro Manila
Att. Rodolfo C. Bareto
Ph: +6}8188614
Fax: +63-851021,ext.245
E-mail: ncedoe@doe.gov.ph
Icarias@doe.gov.ph
Earthsavers Movement
NGO. Associate member of INforSE.
PH 28 Yulo Plaza, Don Bosco cor.,
Pasong Tamo, Makati, Metro Manila
1200
Att. Roger C. Berosel
Ph: +63-8152689/8193494
Fax: +63-407634

Education for Life Foundation Nat. NGO. Folk school for grassroot leaders focusing on community empowerment. 110 Small Horseshoe drive, Horseshoe village, Quezon City Att. Edicio G. Deza Torre

Foundation for Sustainable Development
24 K-J Street, Kamias, Quezon City,
M.M.
An. Amando C. Dayrit
Ph: +63-2-9226397
Fax: +63-2-9226397

Haribon Foundation for the Conservation of Natural Resources Core member of INforSE. 340 Villamor St, San Juan, Metro Manila 1500 Att. Cristina Juan Ph: +63-2-784179 Fax: +63-2-706611 E-mail: haribon@phil.gn.apc.org

Legal Rights and Natural Resources; Center, Inc., Kasama sa Kalikasan FOE Friends of the Earth - Philippines. NGO. MO: CAN. 3rd Floor, Puno Building #47 Kalayaan Avenue, Quezon City 1101 Att. Maria Athena D. Ronquillo Ph: +63-922-32-13 Fax: +63-2-95-21-97 E-mail: Irc@phil.gn.apc.org

Lingkod Tao-Kalikasan, Sekretariat for an Ecologically Sound Philippines Newsletter in English.

PO Box 2734, Manila 1099
An. Aida Velasquez
Ph: +63-2-59-11-85
Fax +63-2-521-72-25

National Working Committee on improved Cookstoves In the Philippines Core member of INforSE. c/o Approtech Asia, PSDC Bldg. Corner Real & Magailanes Sts., Intramuros, Manila Att. Feri G. Lumampao, Miss Ph: +63-2-530 0786 Fax +63-2-5300786 Telex: +233/3 NPCA PH Box 2089 E-mail: aptechmni@phil.gn.apc.org

Pangasinan State University
Urdaneta' Pangasinan
Att Pedro S. de Leon
Ph: +63-75-568-2040
Fax +63-75-568-2556

Philippine Center for Appropriate Technology & Training PCATT Regional INforSE coordinator. Core member of INforSE. 224 Diego Silang Str., 4200 Batangas City AN. Benjamin Gertes Ph: +63-43-723-1155 Fax +63-43-723-0340 E-mail: inforse@phil.gn.apc.org

Philippine Network on Climate Change c/o Green Forum-Philippines, 14 Mabait str, Teachers' Village, Quezon City 1101 An. Sharon Esposo/ J. Bulanhagui Ph: +63-2-922-4347 Fax +63-2-922-4397 E-mail: gforum@phil.gn.apc.org

Renewable Energy Association of the Philippines REAP NGO. Associate member of INforSE. c/o BASE Corporation, 700 Lema St, Mandaluyong, Metro Manila Att. Rodolfo C. Bareto Pn: +63-851021,ext.245 Fax: +63-818 8614

Rural Enterprice Development Foundation Inc.
NGO. Transfer env. friendly techn. at the grassroots level.
9480 Lopez Avenue, Los Banos,
Laguna 4030
An. Jose S. Nicolas
Ph: +63-53-0205
Fax +63-094-50016 c/o Didith PAR
FII

Technology and Livelihood Center
Sen. Gil J. Puyat Ave. Ext., Makati,
Metro Manila
An. Jaw M. Antonio, Ms
Ph: +63-859811 to 16
South Korea

Baedal Eco-Society, KISS oilice, Korean Institute for a Sustainable Society NGO. Core member of INforSE. Jung-ku, Jungchon-dong, 102-2, Taejon City, 301-080

AN. Helen Beichel, Ms
Ph: +82-42-253-3241
Fax +82 42-253-3244

Green Korea
NGO. 15 local office, publish quarterly reports
Mapchong-Dong, Mapo-ku. Seoul
385-108
Att.. Lee Tae Hwa & Park In Yong
Ph: +82-2-325-5525
Fax +82-2-325-5677
E-mail: environ@chollian.dacom.co.kr

Korea Solar Energy Society
KSES
KIER Korea Institute of Energy
Research, PO Box 5, Daeduck Science
Town, Daejkon
An. Sanghoon Lim, Dr
Ph: +82-42-8208700
Fax. +82-2-8616224

Korean Inditute for Sustainable Society Monthly magazine Core member of INforSE. 48-23 Dong-gu, Taejan 300-092 An. Sangmin Nam Ph: +82-42-6311252.3 Fax +82-42-6312813

Taiwan

Environment Taiwan Newsletter, Energy &Resources Laboratories, ITRi Industrial Technology Research Institute Bldg 64, 195, Section 4, Chung Hsing Rd, Chutung 310, Hsinchu An. Jhy-ming Lu, Dr Ph: +886-35-915491/915493 Fax +886-35-820376

Global Change Center, National
Talwan University
Earth Science Bld." Sec 4. Roosevelt
Rd, Taipei, R.O.C. 10764
An. I-ting Wu, Miss.
Ph: +886-2-3655671
Fax. +886-2-3639154

Thailand
Approprlate Technology Association
Associate member of INforSE.
143/171-2 Pinkiw - NaLornchaieri,
Bang-Plad, Bangkok 10700
An. Chanchai Limpiyakorn
Ph: +66 2-434 3252
Fax +66 2-434 3253

Greenfield International Local. Involved with RE tochnology issues in relation to smail-scale indus1riai applications. PO Box 167, San PaKoi P.O., Chiangmai 50000 An. Auke Koopmans Ph: +66-53-338242 Fax +66 53-276091

Regional Energy Resources Information Centre RERIC
NGO. Provide info services, training on info mgmt, consultancy. Solar, biomas , wind, smail hydropower. Publishes quarterly:RERIC News, semi anually: Int Energy Journal, annually: abstract

Asian Institute of Technology (AIT PO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501

AtL On-Anong Suraniramit, Mrs. Ph: +66-2-524 5866

Fax: +66-2-524 5870
Tdex +84276 AIT TH
E-mail: enreric@rcesun.aitc.th

Regional Wood Energy

Development Programme Int. c/o FAO Regional Of fice Asia Pacific, Maliwas Mansion, Pbra Atit Road, Bangkok 10200 An W. Huischer, Dr. Ph +66-2-2802760/-2817844 ext.114 Fax: +66-2-2800445
E-mail: rwedp@ksc.net.th

Technikal Information Services on Non Conventional Energy

Resources
Publishes SCNCER Newsletters.

RMITT, PO Box 51, Ratburana Bangkok 10140

Att The editor, SCNCER Newsletter Ph: +66-2-427 5208

Fax: +66-2-247 8077

Vietnam

Support Prograrn for Sustainable Energy Davelopment VSED Nat. NGO. Network with voluntary org. &individuals. RE, energy efficiency. Ministry of Science Technology Em., 39 Tran Hung Dw, Hanoi AtL Nguyen Thuang Ph: +84-4-261843 Fax: +84-252733

University ol Agricuiture and Forectry Biomass, low-cost biodigesters, gasification jounral on disk email, training in sustainable rural dev., PV panels. Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City Att Thomas R. Preston PhD. Ph: +84-8-961472 Fax: +84-8-960713 Telex +ifskfd@lecostat.aau.dk E-mail: thomas ffopreston%ohue%ifs.plants@ox.ac.uk
INforSE SECRETARIAT att. Rene Karrotki P.O. Box 2059, DK-1013 Copenhagen Ph:+45-33121307, fax:+45-33121308 mail: inforse@inforse.dk

EAST AFRICA

FWD- Found. for Woodstove Disseminat. att. Stephen Karekezi, Timothy Ranja P.O.Box 30979, Nairobi, Kenya
fax:+254-2-740524/561464

WEST AFRICA
ENDA-Energie, att.Youba Sokona, Masse Lo

54 rue Carnot B.P. 3370, Dakar, Senegal email energy@endadakar.gn.apc.org

EAST ASIA - THE PACIFIC CATT- Phill. Cent. f. Appr. Techn. Train. tt. Benjarnin Gertes

224 Diego Silang,Batangas City, Philipines. Fax: +6343-723-0340

CENTRAL ASIA
SEOA- Integr. Sust En. L Ecol. Dev. Ass att. Raymond Myles. rd, fI.,St Soldier Tower, Vikas Puri, New Delhi 110018, India. Fax:+91-11-5529646

EUROPE

DVE - Danish Org.Renewable Energy tt Gunnar Boye Olesen

1. Kiricevej 56, 8530 Hjortshøj, Denmark mail: ove@nn.apc.org

SZOPK-Found. for Altemative Energy att Emil Bedi

Gorkeho 6, 81101Bratislava, Slovakia mail: bedi@seps.ke.sanet.sk

LATIN AMERICA

ED - Inst de Ecologia e Desenvolvirnento
att Emilio & Ana Luda La Rovere
a de Assernbl.10, s1.816,Rio de J., Brazil
Ph/fax: +55-21-531-2948

EDES tt. Martin Prieto Beaulieu

AV. Millan 4113,Montevideo, Uruguay
x: +598-2-381B40
NORTH AMERICA

EA - Environmental Action,
att Margaret Morgan-Hubbard 930 Carroll Ave.#600,Takoma Park, M 0912, USA Fax:+1+301-891 2218

The role of NGOs

In a successful implementation of the World Solar Programme, the role of NGOs goes far beyond lobbying for sustainable solutions. The large-scale implementation of solar energy solutions will only succeed if technology as well as organisation is developed and implemented in close cooperation with the end-users. In each area, development must be adapted to the needs of the users.

Many years of experience have shown that NGOs, including Community - Based Organisations (CBOs), are important to the successful dissemination of solar energy and other sustainable energy solutions, based on their local contacts, knowledge of local needs, and credibility, locally.

About this Newsletter

This special INforSE WSSP NGO newsletter is produced to link the World Solar Summit Process (WSSP), organized by UNESCO, to NG0O-activities, and to focus on NGO views and approaches. This is the second of four issues: two before the Solar Summit and two during the Summit itself.

The English version is issued by INforSE, P.O. Box 2059, DK-1013, Copenhagen K, Denmark

The French version is issued by ENDA-TM, B P. 3370, Dakar, Senegal, ph+221-225983, email:erergy@endadakar.gn apc.org

Editors: Gunnar Boye Olesen (OVE), Natascia Petringa (lNforSE Secretanat), Masse Lo and Secou Sarr ( ENDA-Energie).

Next Issue: Sept 14 at the Solar Summit Deadline for Nest Issue Sept 12.
Inputs are welcome by email: Biomass@mango.zw, att INforSE Newsletter.

Comments to the World Solar Summit Documents

Draft Harare Declaration on Solar Energy and sustainable Development

Following the third IOC Meeting (International Organizing Committee for the WSS) on August 1-2, a new draft of the Harare Declaration on Solar Energy and Sustainable Development was released on August 7.

The new draft is shorter and more streamlined than the previous (June) version. Its role is to endorse the World Solar Programme (WSP) 1996-2005 and the continuation of the World Solar Coromission.

It may be the only international top-level paper in this decade to stress specifically the role of renewable energy, but other than endorsing the WSP, it gives very few concrete proposals, fewer than the previous draft. Moreover, it does not add much to the already existing Agenda21.

The draft Declaration recognises the important roles of NGOs and women in development, as was requested by INforSE and others. However, it does not reflect organisational and institutional factors necessary for decentralized renewable energy development.

The signatories to the Declaration commit themselves to work for free and open energy markets as an arrangement to facilitate solar energy. The need to incorporate social and environmental costs in current pricing systems is not mentioned.

The signatories further commit themselves to greater use of solar energy through use of existing international funds. The idea of a new World Solar Fund is no longer mentioned.

For the continuation of this process, all nations, the UN Secretary-General, NGOs, research institutions, and the private sector are urged to join in the implementation of the World Solar Programme. For some reason, however, only the nations are called upon for the development of the program.

Key Issues and Questions on the Leading WSSP
Documents: Some INforSE Views and Comments

Several INforSE member organizations have commented on the leading WSSP documents. We feel these comments should be reflected in the final World Solar Programme and (WSP).

· The main comment on the WSP is that, in general, itis difficult to evaluate the projects from the brief descriptions provided in this document. At a glance, all projects appear to have a top-down approach, hence their chances of sustainability seem to be rather limited Moreover, the specific role of NGOs is not very apparent. Who will do the follow-up and post-installation services (such as operation and maintenance), how, and with what? It is recommended that NGOs be involved in technical support, monitoring, and evaluation of the proposed projects. Unless monitoring and evaluation are in place, how will these projects

The World Solar Summit: Lure

Solar energy is one option to meet the energy needs of rural people in developing countries This justifies the need for coordinated efforts between developing countries and aid agencies, especially regarding national policies in the field of solar energy.

Considering the relationship between most countries with a strong solar potential (i.e. nations of the South) and those controlling the technology (i.e. the North), the Solar Summit should have a strong financial component

Projects or National Action Plans?

The approxibnately 300 strategic projects are designed to be large-scale efforts. However, given the current stage of renewable energy development, can one justify such large-scale projects just for demonstration

Several observers of the WSS process question the approach used to identify and select the strategic projects" Generally, it has been "top-down", with little consideration of local community needs. A more suitable process would be the development of national action plans based on the needs of developing countries, on know-how gained from past experiences, and on participatory approaches be replicated and how will their impacts be measured?

· Secondly, there appears to be little local participation. If these projects are to succeed purely on a technological basis, they will have to depend heavily on highly qualified and highly paid personnel. Hence, these projects will require subsidies from governments for a very long time, and it is unlikely that similar projects can be replicated and/or be sustainable in the situations existent in most developing countries.

Cross-sectoral activities such as agriculture and food processing also need to be integrated into renewable energy development progress. The active participation of rural people (especially women, youth, and landless peasants) also needs to be emphasised Continued on page 4

Lure or Lend?

Borrow to experiment!

The draft Harare Declaration indicates that the WSP may be funded via existing financing mechanisms, such as the Global Envionment Facility, (GEF). This poses a serious concern It is likely that only projects addressing global warming or other global problems, will be eligible. The objective of meeting the social needs of local communities, is hence veyy difficult to achieve. For example, the replacement of comentional fossil fuels with cenewables will not directly affect the communities Uving in rural areas of developing countries, using mainly biomass energy. Their main problem is access to cenewable energy technologies.

The WSS draft documents state that financing will be granted as subsidies or as concessional loans. Can one expect that developing countries are in a position to borrow money (even soft loans) just for the sake of experimenting with technologies...often produced elsewhere?

In addition what contributions will the different countries have to make to the World Solar Programme? How will an equitable atlocation of resources be ensuced? How will the markets for cenewable energy technologies be coordinated internationally?

The 40 Projects for Africa

For Africa, approximately 40 projects have been proposed for the onset of the World Solar Programme 1996-2005.

Generally, these projects are aimed at reducing the dependency of developing countries on fossil fuels and improving the provision of energy, especially to local communities living in rural areas. These projects include:

· technical capacity-building (especially for new technologies), to minimise the reliance on foreign expertise, with information and awareness creation, as well as education and training;

· the development and/or improvement of existing rural electrification programmes along with integrated programmes aimed at improving health and food production as well as water supply and development; and

· the promotion and use of biomass for household energy (such as for cooking).

African NGOs believe that more focus must be placed on alternative biomass resources (i.e. other than fuelwood) to reduce deforestation. Clearly, substantial resources will need to be mobilised as soon as possible for these projects to be materialised.

It is also important to bear in mind that most African countries do not have well defined renewable energy policies (at the national level) to implement and allocate resources for renewable energy programmes. This raises several questions:

· Given the maturity of several renewable energy technologies, why does the WSP seems to focus mainly on large scale demonstration units?

· Is it necessary to "borrow" technologies, to experiment with them?

· Finally, is it necessary for countries with little experience in the area of new and renewable energy technologies, to develop isolated projects, or should they rather focus on developing national energy policies and action plans?

About the last official preparations

Third WSSP/IOC Meeting

During the third International Organizing Committee (IOC) meeting in Paris August 1-2, the feelings of some of the government delegates present was that there are serious time-constraints associated with the revision of the Harare Declaration. Overall, there is not enough time for governments to give an adequate and comprehensive response to the Declaration before the Solar Summit in September

Two updated drafts for the WSS were presented and discussed, namely, the Harare Declaration and the World Solar Programme 1996-2005. However, as in the previous versions, there was little mention of NGO involvement and participation in the development and implementation of these projects.

Rene Karottki, representing INforSE, was amongst those participants who stressed that the important roles which NGOs and Community - Based Organisations (CBOs) can play.

Akita Solar Energy Meeting
By Gurmit Singh, CETDEM Malaysia

About 12 counties were represented at the meeting of solar energy experts held in Ogata village, Akita, Japan, from 24 to 27 July. Although it was supposed to be for South and Southeast Asia, there were many Japanese as well as individuals from the USA, Australia, and Portugal. There were 2 INforSE members present, CETDEM from Malaysia and DERG (Decentralized Energy Research Group) from Japan.

The meeting seemed to spend too much time on photovoltaics and rural issues. There was also excessive time spent on Japan, China, and South Korea, with less focus on other countries of the region. The biggest disappointment came when the UNESCO representative stated that one of the projects presented during the meeting could not be considered since they could only be submitted through

Moscow Solar Summit

The regional Solar Summit in Moscow, July 8-12, gathered leaders of national renewable energy programmes and other experts mainly from the CIS countries. The Summit produced a Declaration, a list of strategic projects and messages to the World Solar Commission (WSC), the EU, and the UN. The "Moscow Declaration" goes a bit further than the other WSSP Declarations inidentifying particular problems for the existing fossil and nuclear energy supply. Further, it is stated that:

· Utilization of renewable energy systems (RES) in many cases can help to solve social and environmental problems;

· More RD&D ( Reseach, development , &dissemination) is needed to improve the RES performance, to increase reliability, and to decrease costs; and

· Incentives and favourable legislation have to be developed to secure RES market penetration.

The messages from the meeting to the WSC, EU, and UN ask for support for a CIS Solar Programme 1996-200S. Finally, the meeting addressed an appeal to Head of States of the CIS countries to promote the development of large national renewable energy programmes. It still remains to be seen what will come out of these messages and appeals.
national governments to the Solar Summit. This raised doubts about projects from several NGOs.

After much debate, participants adopted a 4-page Akita Declaration which generally resembled other Declarations adopted so far. An attempt to create a new Solar Energy Centre was voted out. The lack of political commitment to renewable energy in most countries of the region was also glossed over, as well as the role of NGOs.

NGOs must be alert to the fact that developed nations have not shown much enthusiasm for the Solar Summit and that it is very likely that very few resources may be available to implement any of its recommendations. We must also be aware that these countries have not embraced renewables on a large enough scale to meet their emission reduction obligations under the Climate Change Convention.

Solar Summit Week. Events in Harare

During the WSS a large number of parallel events are planned by NGOs. Below is an overview, incuding INforSE workshops to be organized at at the Harare Intemational Confererence Center.

Other important activities include:

· internal NGO briefmgs at 8.30 a.m. Sept.12,13,14,16,17

· NGO press conferences (see posters)

· exhibitions

Fort hose who cannot come to Harare papers from the INforSE workshops will be available from the INforSE Secretaariat after the WSS. Updates INforSE information on WSS can be found http://www.inforse.dk

Key Issues and Questions on the Leading.., continued from page 2

INSEDA (Integrated Sustainable Energy and Ecological Development Association), India, has suggested a a "Renewable" Energy Bank" or "Energy Development Bank with a global trust fund for renewables. NGOs, rural entrepreneurs, and other und-users could then become members of this bank

· The WSP (e.g. Global Renewable Energy Education and Traning Programme) seem to omit the core of most NGO activities - namely, non-formal education and training. NGOs have been instrumental in this area. In the documents a great deal of emphasis is placed on training at postgraduate and industry levels; however, non-formal training and awareness activities must be given higher priority.

Several INforSE members have proposed SWP projects in education ion and training technical management marketing literacy and skills development, operation and maintenance etc., - all based on local resources

· The Global Solar Energy information System should include organisational and institutional issues INforSE organisations can offer their cooperation in this area

The documents do not emphasise the linjk between sustainable energy technology employment generation poverty allevation and women. They must also promote bottom-up approaches and local insvolvement

Finally, developed countries renewable energy as well since they are the largest contribution of greenhouse gases and must comply with UN-FCCC (Climate Convention). This should be reflected in the WSP.

Senegalese Proposals

On June 21-22, a seminar entitled "Financing of Solar Energy in Senegal. was held
in Dakar, Senegal. It was organized by the

Senegalese Association for Solar Enrgy

(ASES). Forty people working with solar energy attended the seminar.

The participants emphasised the need to:

· formulate and implement a comprehensive "Action Plan" for the promotion of renewable energies;

· strengthen the efforts of different actors working with solar energy to improve coordination and synergy between them;

· disseminate information and create greater awareness of the financial opportunities surrounding solar energy technologies, both at the national and the international level; and

· encourage the participation of ASES in the activities and programmes of the World Solar Summit.