References for chapter XI

1. Thomas, W.L. et al., Ed. 1955. Man's Role in Changing the Face of the Earth. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

2. Farvar, M.T. and Milton, J.P., Eds. 1972. The Careless Technology: Ecology and International Development. Doubleday and Co., Natural History Press, Garden City, N.Y.

3. IUCN. 1971. United Nations List of National Parks and Equivalent Reserves. Ed. R. Elliott. IUCN Publ. n.s. 15. Hayez, Brussels.

4. Riney, T. 1967. Conservation and management of African Wildlife. FAO and IUCN African Special Project. FAO, Rome.

5. OEA. 1964. Convención para la protección de la flora, de la fauna y de las bellezas escénicas naturales de los paises de America, 12 de octubre 1940. Union Panamericana. OEA Serie sobre tratados No. 31. Washington, D.C.

6. Note especially the resource inventory studies, the Cutibireni National Park proposal in Peru, and the La Plata River Basin, Darien and Pilcomayo studies all of which include park and reserve proposals.

7. The Inter-American Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the OAS (IICA) was originally establishes at Turrialba, Costa Rica in 1941. IICA later expanded to regional and national offices and programs throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. During this period until 1973, the Turrialba Institute remained the Graduate Education and Research Center of IICA. Following 1973, the Turrialba Institute became the Center for Research and Training in Tropical Agricultural (CATIE). under the sponsorship of IICA and the Government of Costa Rica, with the cooperation of other governments of Central America and the Caribbean.

8a. Primera Reunión del Comité Intergubernamental Técnico para la protección y Manejo de la Flora y Fauna Amazónicas. Iquitos, Peru, 28 junio-2 julio 1976.

8b. Segunda Reunión del Comité Intergubernamental Técnico para la protección y Manejo de la Flora y Fauna Amazónicas. Brasilia, Brasil, 6-9 Julio 1977.

9. OEA. 1972. Organizaciones de Integración Económica Latinoamericana y sus Instituciones de Financiamiento. Secretaria General. (revised by personal communication, Washington, D.C., 1977.)

10. ANCOM. 1975. Proc. Meeting of Natural Resources and Forestry, Directors. Lima, Peru.

11. IUCN. 1976. Marine Programme, 1977/1978: Framework. New Series, Vol. 7, No. 7, July. pp. 39-42.

12. See: Carta de Noticias, Comité Latinoamericano de Parques Nacionales. Secretaria Joaquin V. Gonzalez 448, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

13. In 1975, for example, a roll of Kodachrome transparency film (20 exposure without processing, in the United States sold for between $2.00 and $2.50 per roll. In Ouito and Lima it sold for between $8.00 and $10.00. Santiago, Chile, Kodachrome vas unavailable.

14. See for example, the FAO/Rockefeller Brothers Fund cooperative project "Trust Fund 199" from 1971-1975. Also, note the many technical meetings, seminars and courses supported by bilateral government "Trust Funds" with IUCN and FAO as implementing institutions.

15. Gregory, G.R. 1972. Forest Resource Economics. The Ronald Press Company, New York. pp. 149, 328-332, and 471.

16. Each session of the FAO Latin American Forestry Commission (National Parka and Wildlife Working Party) and of lUCN's Commission on National Parka and Protected Areas, since their respective beginnings has called for the preparation of criteria, norms, definitions and guidelines for the management of national parks and protected areas..

17. Rangel, C. 1976. Del buén salvaje al buén revolucionario. Monte Avila Editores. Caracas, Venezuela.

18. Budowski, G. 1972. Imperialismo cientifico. Ediciones del Instituto Mexicano de Recursos Naturales Renovables, A.C., Mexico, D.F.

19. This refers to horizontal and vertical integration of national parks which was presented in Chapter III.

20.. Personal interview with Carlos Ponce del Prado, Director, Dirección de Conservación, Dirección General Forestal y de Fauna, Lima,, Peru,, 5 March 1975.

21. This inclusion of scholarships for local graduate students has been an element of cooperative research at the Charles Darwin Research Station (Galapagos National Park, Ecuador) for several years.

22. In Costa Rica, the visiting scientists of the Organization for Tropical Studies contributed equipment including a large refrigerator/freezer unit which helped to furnish the research and staff housing facilities in Santa Rosa National Park.

23. OEA. 1964. Convención para la protección de la flora, de la fauna y de lea bellezas escénicas naturales de los paises de America, 12 de octubre 1940. Union Panamericana. OEA Serie sobre tratados No. 31. Washington, D.C.

24. OAS. Proc. General Assembly, Santiago, Chile, 16 June 1976. Resolution 218. pp. 16-18.

25. Unesco. 1976. International Coordinating Council of the Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB). Third Session. Final Report. MAB Report Series Jo. 38, Unesco, Paris. p. 20.

26a. Unesco. 1973. Expert Panel on Project 8: Conservation of Natural Areas and the Genetic Material they contain. MAO Report Series No. 12, Unesco, Paris.

26b. Unesco. 1974. Task Force on: Criteria and Guidelines for the Choice and establishment of Biosphere Reserves. MAB Report Series Jo. 22, Unesco, Paris.

26c. Rav, G. C. 1975. Critical Marine Habitats. Proc. An International Conference on Marine Parks and Reserves. Tokyo, Japan, 12-14 May 1975. IUCN Publ. n.s. No. 37, Morges.

26d. Franklin, J.F. 1976. The conceptual basis for selection of U.S. Biosphere Reserves and features of established areas. US/USSR Symposium on Biosphere Reserves, Moscow. (mimeo.)

26e. Gilbert, V.C. 1976. Biosphere Reserves and National Parks. PARKS. 1:2.

26f. Miller, K.R. 1976. Global dimensions of wildland management in relation to development and environmental conservation in Latin America. Proc. Regional Expert Consultation on Environment and Development. Bogota. Colombia. 5-10 July 1976. FAO Santiago, Chile.

26g. Poore, D. 1976. Biosphere Reserves in Northern and Western Europe. Manuscript.

26h. Ray, G.C. and Dasmann, R.F. 1976. Recommendations concerning the establishment of Biosphere Reserves in marine environments. (Report to Unesco's MAB Project No. 8. IUCN, Morges.) (mimeo.)

26i. Ray, G.C. 1976. Exploration of the concept of marine Biosphere Reserves: What could be done and how? US/USSR Symposium on Biosphere Reserves, Moscow. (mimeo.)

27. Unesco. 1976. op. cit.

28. ______1974. op. cit. pp. 11-12.

29. ______ pp. 15-16.

30. ______ 1972. Convention concerning the protection of the world cultural and natural heritage. General Conference, 17th Session, Paris, 16 November 1972.

31. Ibid.

32. CNPPA/IUCN. 1976. Criteria whereby properties forming part of the natural heritage may be included in the "world Heritage List." IUCN, Morges. (mimeo.) pp. 2-3. (Report to Unesco.)

33. Bennett, P.H. 1978. What is the World Heritage Convention? Canadian Geographical Journal. Dec. 1977/Jan. 1978. Vol. 95, No. 3. pp. 22-29.

34. U.S. Department of State. World Wildlife Conference. General Foreign Policy Series 279. June 1973. pp. 12-20.

35. UNEP. 1975. The Global Environmental Monitoring System. Report of the Executive Director. Governing Council, Third Session, Nairobi, 17 April-May 1975. (UNEP/GC/31/Add.2)

36. IUCN. 1971. Proposed Convention on Conservation of Certain Islands for Science. Memorandum and attachment, 7 October. Morges.

37. ______Annex 1, p. 1.

38. IUCN publishes a monthly Bulletin which is designed as the standard means of communication from the Secretariat to the Members and Commissions. It carries news concerning IUCN's program of work, conservation and editorial comment on issues of conservation and development around the world.

39a. Miller, K.R. 1968. Conservation education at the postgraduate level. Proc. Latin American Conference on the Conservation of Renewable Natural Resources. San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina. 26 March-2 April. IUCN Publ. n.s. No. 13, Morges, Summary on pp. 291-292.

39b. Duarte de Barros, W. and Strang, H. 1970. Training needs in Latin America. FAO Latin American Forestry Commission, 3rd Session, Committee on National Parks and Wildlife, 11-12 November 1970, Ouito, Ecuador.

39c. Budowski, G. Las perspectivas de la educación forestal en la America Latina. Seminario FAO/SIDA sobre el Fomento de la Educación Forestal en America Latina. 10-28 mayo 1976, Ouito, Ecuador.

39d. Miller, K.R. 1972. Development and Training of Personal the Foundation of National Park Programs in the Future. Proc. Second World Conference on National Parks. Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, USA. 18-27 September 1977. Washington, D.C. pp 326-346.

40. Adapted from the draft paper of the IUCN Commission on National Parks and Protected Areas, prepared for Unesco, dated 15 October 1976.

41. IUCN. 1974. Biotic Provinces of the World. IUCN Occasional Paper No. 9. Morges.

42. Unesco. 1974. op. cit.

43. ______1972. op. cit.

44. CNPPA/IUCN. 1976. op. cit.