(introduction...)

Spring 1999
GTZ
INTERMEDIATE TECHNOLOGY

It is with great sadness that we have to inform you that our Country Director for IT Kenya, Maina Keengwe, has died. His death follows a shooting in Nairobi on Tuesday 30th March 1999. To the best of our knowledge, armed robbers ambushed Maina outside his house. They shot him and stole his vehicle. Chris Underbill, Intermediate Technology's Chief Executive says of his colleague: "Maina Keengwe was a wonderful man. He was a tremendous champion for poor people, believing strongly in the cause of our organisation. Whether making contributions to our organisation worldwide or to our projects in Kenya, he was always vigorous, encouraging, and motivating. Mama's death leaves us all feeling very sad at his loss. In particular we feel for his wife, Connie, and their three young children. I also feel tremendously sorry for our colleagues in IT Kenya." MAINA KEENGWE 1959-99 May he rest in peace Maina worked for Intermediate Technology for three and half years and during this time, he made a huge contribution to the work of the organisation. He joined IT Kenya in July 1995 as Manager of the Rural Agriculture & Pastoralism Programme and in September 1996, became Intermediate Technology's first Kenyan Country Director. It is clear that Maina died for no other reason than what appears to be a serious problem of violent crime within the city, itself a symptom of the poverty which Maina sought to address through his work with Intermediate Technology.

Technical Enquiries to ITDG

If you have any technical enquiries, ITDG's Technical Enquiry Service should be able to help you. ITDG has extensive contacts worldwide, and can respond on a wide variety of development topics. A unit specializing in energy topics is particularly able to help in the household energy field. Please send all enquiries to:

The Technical Enquiry Service, Intermediate Technology Development Group, Schumacher Centre for Technology & Development, Bourton Hall, Bourton-on-Dunsmore, Rugby, CV23 9QZ, UK

Tel: +44 (0)1788 661100, Fax: +44 (0)1788 661101
Email: enquiries@itdg.org.uk

Contributions to Boiling Point

You are invited to send articles for the next two issues of Boiling Point, the themes of which will be:

· BP43: Fuel options for household energy This issue will look at available fuel sources, and the social, environmental, economic and technical benefits and constraints of individual fuels. The way in which several fuels and technologies may be used by one household will also be examined. We are seeking articles on any of these topics for publication towards the end of 1999.

· BP44: Linking household energy with other development objectives It is important to look at projects as being a way of improving the quality of life for communities rather than as technical interventions. This edition will examine ways in which household energy considerations can be part of other development sectors such as forestry, building, health etc. and the social, economic and technical benefits of such an approach.

Articles should be no more than 1500 words in length. Illustrations, such as drawings, photographs, graphs and bar charts, are essential. Articles can be submitted as typescripts, on disc (preferably WORD), or by e-mail. All correspondence should be addressed to: Boiling Point Editor, Intermediate Technology, Schumacher Centre for Technology & Development, Bourton Hall, Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, CV23 9QZ, UK, or by e-mail to <elizabethb@itdg.org.uk>

Boiling Point is the journal of the Intermediate Technology Development Group's Energy programme, and the Household Energy Programme (HEP) of GTZ, Germany. Typesetting by My Word!, Rugby, printing by Neil Terry Printing, Rugby.

Opinions expressed in contributory articles are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of ITDG or GTZ. We do not charge a subscription to Boiling Point, but would welcome donations to cover the cost of production and dispatch.

Editorial and Production Team

Elizabeth Bates	-	Editor
Alison Doig	-	Theme Editor; Energy specialist
Smail Khennas	-	Senior energy specialist; French resume author
Carole Trigg	-	Administration Secretary
Tamsyn Barton	-	Head of Technology Unit
Karin Roeske	-	GTZ Representative
Cornelia Sepp	-	GTZ Editor

Back Issues of Boiling Point

If you would like a copy of any back issues, please contact us. Multiple copies will be charged at £2 per copy plus postage. A detailed index of all Boiling Point articles is also available. Boiling Point also appears on the CD-Rom 'Humanity Development Library', with an excellent search facility.

For further information contact Human Info NGO and Humanity CD Ltd, Oosterveldlaan 196,
B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. Tel: 32-3-448-05-54
Fax: 32-3-449-75-74 or e-mail <humanity@humaninfo.org>

15 - Stove Progress in Kenya and Sri Lanka

16 - Muds, Clays and Metals for Stove Making

17 - Fault Finding and Fixing

18 - Stove Programmes in the 90s

19 - Stoves Will Not Sell Themselves

20 - Non-biomass Stoves

21 - Stoves, Energy and the Environment

22 - Other Uses for Stoves

23 - Measures of Success

24 - Solar Energy

25 - Funding for Stove Programmes

26 - Technology and Design Transfer

27 - Women, Woodfuel, Work and Welfare

28 - Biomass Combustion, Chimneys and Hoods

29 - Household Energy

Developments in Southern and East Africa

30 - Sales and Subsidies

31 - Clays for Stoves

32 - Energy for the Household

33 - Household Energy Developments in Asia

34 - Smoke Removal

35 - How Much Can NGOs Achieve

36 - Solar Energy in the Home

37 - Household Energy in Emergency Situations

38 - Household Energy in High Cold Regions

39 - Using Biomass Residues for Energy

40 - Household energy and health

41 - Household energy: the urban dimension

Cover photo: Forest clearance in Nepal (E3 Nepal 18.05)