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close this bookEssays on Food, Hunger, Nutrition, Primary Health Care and Development (AVIVA, 480 p.)
View the document(introduction...)
View the documentAbout the Author
Open this folder and view contents1. The Causes of Hunger and Malnutrition: Macro and Micro Determinants
Open this folder and view contents2. Technical, Ethical and Ideological Responsibilities in Nutrition
Open this folder and view contents3. De-Westernizing Health Planning and Health Care Delivery: A Political Perspective1
View the document4. Book Review: Susan George. A Fate Worse Than Debt: A radical new analysis of the Third World debt crisis (Or, the world financial crisis and the poor)
Open this folder and view contents5. Viewpoint - Ethics, Ideology and Nutrition
Open this folder and view contents6. Ethics And Ideology in the Battle Against Malnutrition
Open this folder and view contents7. The Challenge of Feeding the People: Chile under Allende and Tanzania under Nyerere
Open this folder and view contents8. The Role of Health and Nutrition in Development (Le Rôle de la Santé et de la Nutrition dans le Développement - El Papel de la Salud Y la Nutrición en El Desarrollo)
Open this folder and view contents9. Multidisciplinarity, Paradigms and Ideology in Development Work
View the document10. Survey on Attitudes to Nutrition Planning
Open this folder and view contents11. “Household Purchasing-Power Deficit” - A More Operational Indicator to Express Malnutrition
Open this folder and view contents12. Foreign Aid and its Role in Maintaining the Exploitation of the Agricultural Sector: Evidence from a Case Study in Africa
View the document13. Low School Performance: Malnutrition or Cultural Deprivation?
View the document14. Hunger and Malnutrition: Outlook for Changes in the Third World*
Open this folder and view contents15. Viewpoint: Nutrition Planning - What Relevance to Hunger?
View the document16. Rosalia
Open this folder and view contents17. The Political Economy of Ill Health and Malnutrition
Open this folder and view contents18. Commentary - The Markets of Hunger: Questioning Food Aid (Non-Emergency/Long-Term)
Open this folder and view contents19. Activism to Face World Hunger: Exploring New Needed Commitments
Open this folder and view contents20. The Child Survival Revolution: A Critique - or Health Still Only for Some by the Year 2000?
Open this folder and view contents21. Development Nemesis
View the document22. Looking Beyond the Doable: Resolutions for a New Development Decade
Open this folder and view contents23. Egos/ Alter Egos of the Main Actors in Development Projects:
Open this folder and view contents24. Positive Deviance in Child Nutrition: a Discussion
View the document25. The Project Approach in Development Assistance
View the document26. Triage Management in Third World Health Ministries
Open this folder and view contents27. On Behalf of the African Child: Challenges and Windows of Opportunity for the Donor Community.*
View the document28. The Household Entitlements Revolution or a Women-Centered Approach to Family Security
View the document29. Brave New World: A Political Pendulum in Search of its Balance
Open this folder and view contents30. Malnutrition and Income: Are We Being Misled? (A Dissenting View with a Confusing Literature)
View the document31. A Path for the 1990s?: Government-Donor Partnership to Finance PHC in the Third World
Open this folder and view contents32. Downsizing the Civil Service in Developing Countries: The Golden Handshake Option Revisited.
Open this folder and view contents33. The World Declaration on Nutrition and the 1992 International Conference on Nutrition (ICN) Plan of Action: The Cutting Edge of Conventional Thinking.*
View the document34. Income Generation Activities for Women, the Ninth Essential Element of Primary Health Care? An Idea Whose Time has Come!
View the document35. Some Reflections on ACC/SCN's 'How Nutrition Improves'
View the document36. Nutritional Goals for the Mid-Nineties: A Call for Advocacy and Action
Open this folder and view contents37. A. The Emerging Sustainable Development Paradigm: A Global Forum on the Cutting Edge of Progressive Thinking
Open this folder and view contents37. B. Sustainable Development beyond Ethical Pronouncements: the Role of Civil Society and Networking
View the document38. Foreign Aid: Giving Conditionalities a Good Name or Conditionalities: the Launching of a South-South Counter-Offensive
Open this folder and view contents39. The Community Development Dilemma: when are Service Delivery, Capacity Building, Advocacy and Social Mobilisation really Empowering?
View the document40. Development in the Mid 1990s: Reflections of an Old Socialist
View the document41. Book Review: Questioning the solution -The politics of primary health care and child survival with an in-depth critique of oral rehydration therapy
View the document42. Equity In Health and Nutrition and the Globalization of the World's Economy
View the document43. A. Different Challenges in Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies and Combating Protein Energy Malnutrition, or the Gap Between Nutrition Engineers and Nutrition Activists
View the document43. B. Micronutrient Deficiencies and Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Open this folder and view contents44. Northern-Led Development: is it Selling Technical Fixes to Solve the Problems of Ill-Health and Malnutrition?
View the document45. Actions and Activism in Fostering Genuine Grassroots Participation in Health and Nutrition
Open this folder and view contents46. Health, Nutrition and Sustainable Development.
View the document47. New Perspectives, Old Risks: our Need to Change and to Reconceptualize or Reemphasizing the Need to Tackle the Causes of Poverty in the Battle against Ill-Health and Malnutrition
View the document48. Health Sector Reform Measures: Are they Working?... And where do we go from here?
View the document49. On Development, the Real World, Power Games and the Ugly Faces of Greed (Food for thought about a state of mind).
View the document50. So What... in Search of the 'Big Picture' in Development (Food for a depressive thought)
Open this folder and view contents51. Can Significantly Greater Equity be Achieved through Targeting?: An Essay on Poverty, Equity and Targeting in Health and Nutrition. (*) (Food for a targetter's thought)
Open this folder and view contents52. Globalization, or the Fable of the Mongoose and the Snake (Fableous food for thought)
View the document53. Elements for a Nutrition Activism Course and Curriculum*
View the document54. The Role of Human Rights in Politicizing Development Ethics, Development Assistance and Development Praxis
View the document55. A Letter to the Student Erica who is Planning to Specialize in International Nutrition
View the document56. Food for a Capitalist thought - Book Review - The Lugano Report: On Preserving Capitalism in the Twenty-First Century
View the document57. Food for Finding where Your Thoughts Are - Variations on a Theme by the Chilean Writer Isabel Allende
View the document58. Remembering
View the document59. Letter to The Lancet - Draft 2 IMCI: An Initiative in Need of a New Name, a Greater Community-Centered Focus, and a Grassroots Mandate
View the document60. Food for Planning the Right Human Thoughts - Human Rights Based Planning: The New Approach
View the document61. Food for an Ombudsman's Thought - On Health Sector Reform, Health and Poverty and Other Herbs
Open this folder and view contents62. What does the New UN Human Rights Approach Bring to the Struggle of the Poor?
View the document63. Food for a Poor Thought on Health and Poverty - Health a Precious Asset, But Not ‘A New and Potentially Powerful Exit Route from Poverty’
View the document64. Food for a Poor Thought on Attacking Poverty - The WB’s World Development Report 2000/2001 or the Trivialization of the Concept of “Empowerment”
View the document65. Human Rights or the Importance of Being Earnest: A Personal Account
View the document66. AID and Reform in Africa: Lessons from Ten Case Studies, Final Report
View the document67. Food for Thought About a State of Mind (2) - On Morality, Freedom, Choices, Justice and the Need for People’s Power
View the document68. Thinking Loud - On Statistics*
Open this folder and view contents69. A Reader in Human Rights (1) - The Short Papers Here Collected are Part of an Ongoing Series the Author Irregularly Submits to About a Half Dozen E-Mail List Servers
Open this folder and view contents70. Aiming at the Target: What’s Left for the Devil to Advocate?

58. Remembering

Eduardo Galeano

The new millennium is just around the corner.
Nothing to take too seriously:
After all, the year 2001 of the Christians
is the year 1379 of the Muslims,
the year 5114 of the Mayas
and the year 5762 of the Jews.
The new millennium is born on the 1st of January
thanks to a whim of the senators of the Roman Empire,
that one good day decided to break the tradition
that called for celebrating newyears at the beginning of Spring.
And the counting of years in the Christian era
comes from another whim:
One good day, the Pope in Rome decided to set a date to the birth of Jesus
although nobody really knows when he was born.
Time makes fun of the limits we invent for it
so as to make us believe that it (time) obeys us.
But the whole world celebrates and fears those limits...
It’s just an invitation: millennia come and millennia go,
and the occasion is ripe for orators of inflamed speeches
to tell us about the fate of humanity,
and for doomsday preachers to announce the end of the world
and general chaos.
Meanwhile, time continues silently to tick towards eternity and mystery.
The truth is that nobody can resist: on a date like this one,
as arbitrary as it may be, we all feel the temptation
to ask ourselves how will the time that will be be.
And God knows how it will be...
We have only one certainty: in the 21st century, if we are still around,
we all will be people from last century, and worse,
we will be people from the last millennium.
Even if we cannot guess the time that will be,
we do at least have the right to imagine the time we want to be.
In 1948 and in 1976, the UN proclaimed long lists of human rights.
But most of humanity just has the right to see, to hear... and to remain silent.
What about if we begin to practice the never proclaimed right to dream?
What about if we hallucinate for a short while?
Let’s stare beyond infamy, let’s guess another, possible world:
The air will be free of all poisons that come from human fears and passions;
on the streets, the cars will be squashed by dogs;
people will not be driven by the automobile,
nor will they be programmed by computers,
nor will they be bought by supermarkets,
nor will they be watched by television sets;
the TV set will cease being the most important member of the family,
and will be treated like the washing machine or the iron;
people will work to live instead of live to work;
penal codes will include the crime of stupidity
that is committed by those who live to have or to earn,
instead of living just to live,
like the bird sings without knowing it is singing,
and like the child plays without knowing that it plays;
in no country will they imprison boys who refuse military service,
but rather those who do want to serve;
the economists will not call standard of living
what really is standard of consumption,
nor will they call quality of life what is quantity of things;
the cooks will cease believing that lobsters enjoy being boiled alive; historians will stop believing that countries enjoy being invaded;
politicians will stop believing that the poor enjoy eating promises;
solemnity will cease being a virtue,
and nobody will take seriously anybody else
who cannot make fun of him/herself;
death and money will lose their magic powers,
and neither due to wealth or death alone will an SOB become virtuous
and a gentleman;
nobody will be considered a hero or dumb
for doing what he/she thinks is fair instead of doing what is most convenient; the world will no longer be at war against the poor, but against poverty,
and the military industry will have no choice but to declare bankruptcy;
food will not be a merchandise, nor communications a business,
because food and communication are human rights;
nobody will die of hunger, because nobody will have indigestion;
the street children will not be treated as if they were trash,
because there will be no street children;
rich kids will not be treated as if they were money,
because there will be no rich kids;
education will not be the privilege of those who can buy it;
police will not be the curse of those who cannot buy it;
justice and liberty, those siamese twins condemned to live separately,
will reunite, very closely, back to back;
a black woman will become president of Brasil,
and another black woman president of the US;
an indian woman will govern Guatemala and another, Peru;
in Argentina, the Women of the Plaza de Mayo will become examples, because they refused to forget in the times of compulsory amnesia;
the Sacred Church will correct the errors in Moses’ Tablets,
and the Sixth Commandment will mandate to celebrate the body;
the Church will also come up with another commandment
that God had forgotten:
You shall love nature, of which you are part of;
the deserts of the world and of the soul will be reforested;
the desperate will be welcome and the lost will be found,
because they are the ones who dispaired from so much waiting
and got lost from so much searching;
we will be contemporary neighbors
of all those who search for justice and beauty,
no matter where they were born, where they have lived,
and regardless of boundaries in the maps or in time;
perfection will continue to be the bored privilege of gods;
but in this crazy and tough world,
every night will be lived like it were the last
and every day will be lived like it were the first.

Free translation from the Spanish by Claudio Schuftan, Hanoi.
Aviva@netnam.vn