Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report (UNICEF - WSSCC - WHO, 2000, 90 p.): 2. Global status: 2.1 Global coverage

Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report (UNICEF - WSSCC - WHO, 2000, 90 p.)

2. Global status

		(introduction...)
		2.1 Global coverage
		2.2 Changes during the 1990s
		2.3 Regional coverage in 2000

2.1 Global coverage

Table 2.2 shows the numbers of people with and without access to improved water supply and sanitation, both globally and by region, together with percentage coverage. The corresponding information for urban and rural areas is also given. Estimates are provided for both 1990 and 2000. The percentage of the population on which the estimates for each region are based is shown in italics above each section, and reflects the availability of data. Overall, data were available for 76% of the global population for 1990, while 89% were represented in the 2000 figures.

One of the aims of Assessment 2000 was to improve the quality of water supply and sanitation coverage data. However, when comparing estimates, and especially when interpreting trends over time, it should be recognized that more data were available for a greater number of countries for the year 2000 than for 1990.

Globally, 1.1 billion people are without access to improved water supply and 2.4 billion are without access to improved sanitation. Figures 2.1 and 2.2 show where the unserved population is found. For both water supply and sanitation, the vast majority of those without access are in Asia.

Figure 2.1 Distribution of the global population not served with improved water supply, by region

Figure 2.2 Distribution of the global population not served with improved sanitation, by region

TABLE 2.2 WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION COVERAGE BY REGION, 1990 AND 2000¹

Region	1990 Population (millions)				2000 Population (millions)
	Total	Population	Population	%	Total	Population	Population	%
	population	served	unserved	Served²	population	served	unserved	Served²
GLOBAL	(76% of regional population represented)				(89% of regional population represented)
Urban water supply	2 292	2 179	113	95	2 845	2 672	173	94
Rural water supply	2 974	1 961	1 013	66	3 210	2 284	926	71
Total water supply	5 266	4 140	1 126	79	6 055	4 956	1 099	82

Urban sanitation	2 292	1 877	415	82	2 845	2 442	403	86
Rural sanitation	2 974	1 028	1 946	35	3 210	1 210	2 000	38
Total sanitation	5 266	2 905	2 361	55	6 055	3 652	2 403	60

AFRICA	(72% of regional population represented)				(96% of regional population represented)
Urban water supply	197	166	31	84	297	253	44	85
Rural water supply	418	183	235	44	487	231	256	47
Total water supply	615	349	266	57	784	484	300	62

Urban sanitation	197	167	30	85	297	251	46	84
Rural sanitation	418	206	212	49	487	220	267	45
Total sanitation	615	373	242	61	784	471	313	60

ASIA	(88% of regional population represented)				(94% of regional population represented)
Urban water supply	1 029	972	57	94	1 352	1 254	98	93
Rural water supply	2 151	1 433	718	67	2 331	1 736	595	75
Total water supply	3 180	2 405	775	76	3 683	2 990	693	81

Urban sanitation	1 029	690	339	67	1 352	1 055	297	78
Rural sanitation	2 151	496	1 655	23	2 331	712	1 619	31
Total sanitation	3 180	1 186	1 994	37	3 683	1 767	1 916	48

LATIN AMERICAN AND THE CARIBBEAN	(77% of regional population represented)				(99% of regional population represented)
Urban water supply	313	287	26	92	391	362	29	93
Rural water supply	128	72	56	56	128	79	49	62
Total water supply	441	359	82	82	519	441	78	85

Urban sanitation	313	267	46	85	391	340	51	87
Rural sanitation	128	50	78	39	128	62	66	49
Total sanitation	441	317	124	72	519	402	117	78

OCEANIA	(64% of regional population represented)				(85% of regional population represented)
Urban water supply	18	18	0	100	21	21	0	98
Rural water supply	8	5	3	62	9	6	3	63
Total water supply	26	23	3	88	30	27	3	88

Urban sanitation	18	18	0	99	21	21	0	99
Rural sanitation	8	7	1	89	9	7	2	81
Total sanitation	26	25	1	96	30	28	2	93

EUROPE	(15% of regional population represented)				(44% of regional population represented)
Urban water supply	522	522	0	100	545	542	3	100
Rural water supply	200	199	1	100	184	161	23	87
Total water supply	722	721	1	100	729	703	26	96

Urban sanitation	522	522	0	100	545	537	8	99
Rural sanitation	200	199	1	100	184	137	47	74
Total sanitation	722	721	1	100	729	674	55	92

NORTHERN AMERICA	(99.9% of regional population represented)				(99.9% of regional population represented)
Urban water supply	213	213	0	100	239	239	0	100
Rural water supply	69	69	0	100	71	71	0	100
Total water supply	282	282	0	100	310	310	0	100

Urban sanitation	213	213	0	100	239	239	0	100
Rural sanitation	69	69	0	100	71	71	0	100
Total sanitation	282	282	0	100	310	310	0	100

¹Source: (10).
²Due to rounding, coverage figures might not total 100% even if the population unserved is shown as 0.