 | Water for Urban Areas (UNU, 2000, 243 p.) |
 |  | (introduction...) |
| | Preface |
| | Foreword |
|  | 1. Water for urban areas of the developing world in the twenty-first century |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Introduction |
| | Population and water |
| | Urbanization and water |
| | Constraints on water availability |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Water scarcity |
| | High economic costs |
| | Financing and financial management constraints |
| | Management constraints |
| | Environmental and health issues |
| | Changes in mind-sets |
| | Concluding remarks |
| | 2. Water management in Metropolitan Tokyo |
| | (introduction...) |
| | History of waterworks in Tokyo |
| | Early water supply systems |
| | Opening of modern waterworks |
| | The Ogouchi Dam project |
| | War damage and the increase in water leakage |
| | Serious water shortage in 1964 |
| | Development of water resources in the upper Tone River basin |
| | The present situation |
| | General view |
| | Industrial water |
| | Utilization of treated sewage |
| | Towards a ''water conservation conscious city'' |
| | Tokyo's water service compared with other cities in Japan and the world |
| | The future |
| | New targets for water supply works |
| | Future water resources policies |
| | Water circulation and urban civilization |
| | Rapid urbanization and changes in water circulation |
| | The philosophy of recycling |
| | Acknowledgements |
| | 3. Water quality management issues in the Kansai Metropolitan Region |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Introduction |
| | The Kansai Metropolitan Region |
| | The water resources in the region |
| | The Lake Biwa-Yodo River water system |
| | Lake Biwa Comprehensive Development Project |
| | Water metabolism of the region |
| | Metabolic features of the region |
| | Water supplies |
| | Pollution control and wastewater management |
| | Water quality issues in the Kansai Metropolitan Region |
| | Upstream-downstream relationships |
| | Upgrading of wastewater management systems |
| | The water quality of Osaka Bay |
| | Control of Lake Biwa eutrophication |
| | Summary and emerging issues |
| | Summary |
| | Emerging issues |
| | Concluding remarks |
| | 4. Water management in mega-cities in India: Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, and Chennai |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Introduction |
| | The urban scenario in India |
| | Indian mega-cities |
| | Population trends |
| | Preferential treatment of mega-cities |
| | Problems of water supply in the four Indian mega-cities |
| | Water supply in Mumbai |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Water sources |
| | Problems in water management |
| | Suggestions to improve the situation |
| | Demand management |
| | Financial management for a self-supporting system |
| | Automation |
| | Planning for the future |
| | Water supply in Delhi |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Water sources |
| | Problems in water management |
| | Problems causing working constraints |
| | Scope for improving the water supply and water management |
| | Water conservation |
| | Planning for the future |
| | Water supply in Calcutta |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Water sources |
| | Distribution system |
| | Water tariffs |
| | Management problems |
| | Unaccounted for water |
| | Planning for the future |
| | Water supply in Chennai |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Water sources |
| | Projects to augment the supply for Chennai |
| | Water management in Chennai |
| | Other measures for water conservation |
| | Conclusions |
| | 5. Water supply and distribution in the metropolitan area of Mexico City |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Introduction |
| | Mexico City: A case study |
| | Mexico City Metropolitan Zone |
| | Water demand |
| | Main problems |
| | Macro-projects |
| | (introduction...) |
| | The Cutzamala System |
| | The Cutzamala Macrocircuit and the Cutzamala ''Aquaférico'' |
| | Sewage |
| | Constraints on water resources management |
| | Conclusions |
| | 6. Wastewater management and reuse in mega-cities |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Introduction |
| | The role of wastewater reuse in mega-cities |
| | Overview of wastewater reclamation technologies |
| | Wastewater reuse applications |
| | Health and regulatory requirements |
| | The cost of wastewater reuse |
| | The future of water reuse |
| | Summary and conclusions |
| | 7. The role of the private sector in the provision of water and wastewater services in urban areas |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Introduction |
| | The present situation of the water and sanitation sector |
| | The private sector - part of the solution |
| | Options for private participation in municipal water and wastewater |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Service contracts |
| | Management contracts |
| | Leases |
| | Concessions |
| | Joint venture leases and concessions |
| | Build-operate-transfer contracts |
| | Full or partial divestiture |
| | Hybrids |
| | Competition and regulation |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Competition |
| | Regulation |
| | Considerations in defining a regulatory framework |
| | Preparing for a private sector venture |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Pre-contract analysis |
| | Choosing among the options |
| | Making sure that the desired option is of interest to the private sector |
| | Finding and contracting a suitable partner |
| | Managing the process |
| | Creating a management unit |
| | Hiring competent independent advisers |
| | Time requirements |
| | Managing the contract |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Contract renegotiation |
| | Maintaining competitive pressure |
| | Preventing undue outside interference |
| | Conclusions |
| | Acknowledgements |
| | 8. Emergency water supply and disaster vulnerability |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Introduction |
| | Development of a reliable water supply |
| | Performance of water supply systems in recent disasters |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Earthquake |
| | Fire |
| | Flood |
| | Refugee camps |
| | Overview of water supply reliability methods |
| | Applications |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Contra Costa Water District |
| | San Francisco |
| | Vancouver |
| | Zaire refugee camps |
| | The concept of an emergency water supply system |
| | Proposal |
| | Concluding remarks |
| | 9. Conclusions |
| | Contributors |
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