Appropriate community technology - A training manual: Phase II: Earthen construction and fuel-saving cookstoves: Session 5. Thinking in pictures: introduction to design drawing

Appropriate community technology - A training manual

Phase II: Earthen construction and fuel-saving cookstoves

		Phase II Calendar
		Session 1. Environmental health and sanitation
		Session 2. Traditional methods of cooking: an introduction to cookstove technologies
		Session 3. Fuel-saying cookstoves: gathering information
		Session 4. Cookstove design and innovations
		Session 5. Thinking in pictures: introduction to design drawing
		Session 6. Introduction to independent study
		Session 7. Cookstove operation function and design principles
		Session 8. Understanding the cookstove design process and soil mixes
		Session 9. Insolation meter construction
		Session 10. Cookstove construction
		Session 11. Nature of volunteerism: expectations beyond training
		Session 12. Food issues
		Session 13. The role of the volunteer in development: definition of appropriate technology
		Session 14. Stove promotion and dissemination
		Session 15. Explaining completed cookstoves
		Session 16. Evaluating cookstove efficiency
		Session 17. Diagnosing and repairing malfunctioning cookstoves
		Session 18. Other responses to fuel scarcity
		Session 19. Charcoal production and stoves
		Session 20. Custom and food
		Session 21. Design and construction of the second stove part one: stove base
		Session 22. Alternative cookstoves: presentations
		Session 23. Basic nutrition
		Session 24. Cookstove operation
		Session 25. Cookstove development and innovation
		Session 26. Cookstove information and resources/ evaluation of cookstove training

Session 5. Thinking in pictures: introduction to design drawing

Total time:

2 hours

Objectives:

* To discuss basic concepts of mechanical and perspective drawing

* To do a sample mechanical and perspective drawing

* To discuss the effectiveness of mechanical drawing as an appropriate aid to communication

Resources:

* Ching, Architectural Graphics, pp. 44-45, 67-69

* Lockard, Design Drawing Experiences

Trainer Notes

Copies of pages from Architectural Graphics should be prepared for distribution during this session.

Materials:

Soft lead drawing pencils, drawing paper, graph paper, newsprint and felt-tip pens or chalkboard/ chalk

Meet with the co-facilitator(s) at least 24 hours before doing the session. Give each of them a copy of the session procedures and resource material. Be certain that they thoroughly understand what their roles will be. (See Steps 4 and 5.)

Procedures:

Step 1. (5 minutes)

Review the session objectives and distribute the resource materials.

Step 2. (20 minutes)

Discuss and demonstrate basic mechanical drawing concepts.

Trainer Notes

* Demonstrate the concepts of plan, elevation, section and the conventions of line width and shading.

* Draw these concepts on newsprint or on a chalkboard as they are discussed.

* Have the participants copy and practice drawing the concepts.

* Encourage questions and discussion.

Step 3. (20 minutes)

Demonstrate and discuss basic concepts of perspective drawing.

Trainer Notes

* Sketch and explain examples of one and two-point perspective eye-level and shading.

* Have the participants copy and practice drawing your examples.

Step 4. (40 minutes)

Have the participants form drawing groups and do a sample mechanical drawing.

Trainer Notes

Have each group draw the following:

* Plans, elevations and sections of an object

* A perspective drawing of the same object, using shading

There should be one co-facilitator with each drawing group to offer advice and assistance.

The co-facilitators can also be of assistance in selecting simple objects to draw (i.e., a solar dryer, breadbox water heater, a Lorena stove) and arranging the locations in which to draw them.

Step 4. (5 minutes)

Have the groups return and form new groups such that each of the new groups has only one person from each of the original drawing groups.

Trainer Notes

The co-facilitators should assist in forming the new groups by going to different parts of the room and asking the groups to form around them.

Step 6. (15 minutes)

Have the members of these new groups share and explain their drawings with one another.

Step 7. (15 minutes)

Reconvene the entire group and have participants discuss the use of mechanical drawings within the context of overseas development work.

Trainer Notes

Some questions for this discussion include:

* Can mechanical drawing be an effective aid in communicating new technologies to Third World people?

* What difficulties might arise in using a mechanical drawing to explain or demonstrate a technical concept?

* How could the drawings be modified to address these difficulties?

Mention that there will be a more extensive discussion of appropriate aids to communication in Phase III: Session 6.