South-East Asia's Environmental Future: The Search for Sustainability (1993)

Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations and glossary

Notes on contributors

Part I - The driving forces of change

Introduction

1. The dimensions of environmental change and management in the south-east Asian region

(introductory text)

Introduction

Trends of the mid-1970s to 1980s

Some explanatory variables

Projecting trends into the future

The conditions of resource management in the region

The main environmental issues

The need for a new concept of common resources

2. Population growth in south-east Asia: Pushing the limits

(introductory text)

Introduction

The population situation

Population growth and the environment

The future

3. Industrialization and urbanization in south-east Asia

(introductory text)

Trends in economic growth, 1961-1987

Structural change

Factors responsible for strong ASEAN growth

Trends in urbanization

Urban primacy and megacity issues

Levers to influence urbanization and urban structure

Conclusion

Development problems and the environment

4. Energy and mineral development: Environment and economics

(introductory text)

Introduction

Global economic development: energy and minerals

Environment and resource attributes of south-east Asia

Energy and mineral demand in the Asia-pacific region

Assessing environmental costs

Non-conventional and alternative energy and minerals

Economic development, environment and the future

Summary and conclusions

Editorial comment

5. The onslaught on the forests in south-east Asia

(introductory text)

The nature of the forest resource

Deforestation and forest degradation: Apportioning blame

Managing the forest: The role of government in land-use planning

Rebuilding the forests

The future of the forests

Notes on co-operative management

In defence of south-east Asia

(introductory text)

Editorial comment

Part II - Climatic change and variability

Introduction

6. Climate model predictions for the south-east Asian region

(introductory text)

Human-induced climatic change

Predicted climatic changes: The global view

Climate model predictions and the south-east Asian region

Uncertainties and unknowns

Climatic change and public policy

7. Enso, drought and flooding rain in south-east Asia

(introductory text)

Introduction

The El Niño-southern oscillation

ENSO and south-east Asia

Effects of ENSO on climate

Impacts of ENSO

ENSO in the past and future

Future work

A successful prediction using unconventional data

(introductory text)

Prediction of the 1991 ENSO event in Indonesia

Editorial comment

8. Climatic change and agriculture: Problems for the Asian tropics

(introductory text)

Climatic change in tropical Asia, 1910s-1980s

Problems in climate-agriculture relationships: Rice yields in three areas

Flow of impacts of climatic change on agriculture

Concluding remarks

Climatic change in Indonesia

(introductory text)

Introduction

The ongoing indonesian climatic change

Possible impact on rice

Editorial comment

Part III - Selected issues: Change and the environment

Introduction

9. Sustaining and expanding the 'green revolution' in rice

(introductory text)

An overview of the 'green revolution' in south-east Asia, 1970-1989

Problems of the green revolution

Areas for future endeavour

Ecological policies for sustaining high production in rice: Observations on rice intensification in Indonesia

(introductory text)

Introduction

An outline of Indonesia's achievements in the green revolution

The problems of expanding production in Indonesia

Assessing the yield potential of the green revolution

Diminishing biotic diversity and increasing vulnerability

Facing the problems of sustainability

Rice production and sustainability in the 1990s

Editorial comment

10. The problems of upland land management

(introductory text)

Introduction

The expansion and intensification of upland agriculture, 1850-1950

Upland agriculture, 1950-1990: Logging, roads, markets and cash

The environmental consequences of upland agricultural expansion: Sustainability and unsustainability

Attempted solutions

What is to be done?

Pitfalls of the intensification debate

Immediate needs in upland Java

(introductory text)

Editorial comment

11. The hazard of fire

(introductory text)

Introduction

Losses and impairments due to fire

Factors promoting the spread of fire

Reducing the incidence of large-scale fire

A wider view of the fire hazard

The need for management

(introductory text)

Editorial comment

12. Coastal, inshore and marine problems

(introductory text)

Introduction

Global trends

South-east Asia

The future

The south-east Asian response

(introductory text)

Aspects of the physical setting

National and international responses

Editorial comment

Part IV - Selected issues: places and people

Introduction

13. Threatened places

Natural and human hazards

(introductory text)

Introduction

Nature's threats

Human threats

Natural hazards and their management

Conclusion

The tragedy of the open access

(introductory text)

Introduction

Forest management in Nepal

Managing forest resources in Indonesia

Managing forest resources in Thailand and the Philippines

Management of marine resources

Discussion of common property management

Threatened places: A regional view

(introductory text)

Hazards and response

Traditional resource management

Editorial comment

14. On threatened peoples

(introductory text)

Introduction

Threatened peoples: Contrasts in composition and environment

Tribal peoples of south-east Asia: Causes and nature of threat

The indigenous socio-economic system: Is it sustainable?

The penan and the timber blockade

Responses to the problems of the threatened peoples of south-east Asia

Conclusion

Sustainability of indigenous socio-economic systems

(introductory text)

Editorial comment

15. Urban environmental issues in south-east Asian cities: An overview

(introductory text)

Introduction

Major causes of urban environmental degradation

State of urban environments in south-east Asia

Managing the urban environment: Some possibilities

Concluding remarks

Editorial comment

Part V - Conclusions and recommendations

16. Conclusions and recommendations

(introductory text)

A set of concerned conclusions

Recommendations for research and future action

The search for sustainability

Bibliography