Agricultural Expansion and Pioneer Settlements in the Humid Tropics (1988)

Acknowledgments

1. Introduction

(introductory text)

References

2. Spontaneous and planned settlement in south-east Asia

(introductory text)

Thailand

Clearing and settlement in the highland-lowland transition zone of northern Thailand

Malaysia

The Philippines

Indonesia

Conclusion: government-sponsored versus spontaneous settlement

References

3. Types of spontaneous pioneer settlement in Thailand

(introductory text)

The causes of pioneer settlement

Expansion of farm land by local peasants within their village territory: the example of Nong Samong

Land colonization by peasants outside their village territory: the example of km 79

Colonization by medium- and large-scale farmers: the example of the Chon Buri Hinterland

References

4. The forest colonization process: case studies of two communities in north-east and south-east Thailand

(introductory text)

The problem

Case study 1: history of settlement and in-migration

(introductory text)

Settlers and occupation groups

Settlement pattern and the community

Case study 2: history of settlement

(introductory text)

Settlers and occupation groups

Settlement pattern and the community

Conclusion

References

5. Differentiation and dynamics of land-use systems in a mountain-valley environment: a area, case study of new colonization areas in the Upper Mae Nam Pa Sak catchment Thailand

(introductory text)

Development of land-use systems

Agricultural production conditions in the study area

Land clearance and emergence of present land-use systems

Problems and potential avenues of development of present land use

Land-use development in the Scarp-Valley zone

The traditional land-use system

Clearance of the Scarp Zone and intensification of farming in the Valley Zone

Conclusion

References

6. Man in the mangrove forest: a socio-economic case study in Southern Thailand

(introductory text)

References

7. The Jengka Triangle: a report on research in progress

(introductory text)

Evaluating the Jengka Triangle experience

The urban subsystem in the Jengka area

Preliminary observations

The second-generation "problem"

Conclusions

References

8. Energy use in West Malaysian rural villages, with special reference to Felda villages

(introductory text)

Description of the selected villages

Comparison of the economic energy situation in the villages

Household budget allotment for energy costs

Energy supply and the use of alternative energy sources

References

9. Are Malaysian land settlers (new) peasants? Antropological observation of a nascent Community

(introductory text)

Presentation of a Felda scheme

Defining the peasantry

Felda settlers versus malay peasants

Emergence of a new community

Conclusion

Notes

References

10. Resource use of frontiers and pioneer settlement in southern Sumatra

(introductory text)

Sumatra's role in pioneer settlement in Indonesia

Pioneer settlement in the Mountain Zone

Pioneer settlement in the peneplains

Pioneer settlement in the swamps of the eastern lowlands

Conclusions

References

11. Ex-military settlements in Indonesia and the emergence of social differentiation in frontier areas

(introductory text)

Initial efforts

Early settlement pattern

The Sapta Marga concept applied

Towards integration

Concluding remarks

References

12. A survey of government pioneer land settlement programmes in south-east Asia

(introductory text)

Objectives of land settlement programmes

Organization of land settlement agencies

Implementation concepts and practices

Intake of settlers

Concluding remarks

References

13. Un exemple de colonisation des terres marginales: le cas du nord-est Ivoirien

(introductory text)

Le paysage naturel: realités et mythes

Le paysage humain et social

Problematique économique et la question des terres

Les initiatives publiques et les nouvelles conditions du développement dans le nord-est

Le projet de développement intégré du nord-est

Résumé

Conclusion

Bibliographie sommaire

14. The land Tenure and agrarian system in the new cocoa frontier of Ghana: Wassa Akropong case study

(introductory text)

Introduction

Evolution of the customary tenure system

The migrant farmer and land access

Size of holdings

Resources

Land use

Farmers perception of tenure problems

Conclusion

References

15. Colonization in Central America

(introductory text)

Objectives and dangers of colonization in the humid tropics

Ecological regions Of Central America

The process of colonization In Central America

Country situations

The process of land conversion

Research and implementation needs

Conclusion

Notes

References

16. Organized settlement on the Amazon frontier: The Caquetá project in Colombia

(introductory text)

The project

Project characteristics

Target population

Development or stabilizing strategy

The environmental issue in Colombia

Material accomplishments of Phase II

Project investment and cost

Socio-political events in the project area

Stability of the production model

Environmental effects

Environmental costs

Frontier stabilization alternatives

Frontier management technology

17. The colonization and occupation of Brazilian Amazonia

(introductory text)

Recent economic development and governmental policies regarding the Amazon

Amazonian colonization from 1964 to the present

The border and social conflicts

Notes

References

Participants and contributors