African agriculture: The critical choices

African agriculture: The critical choices

Acknowledgements

1. The agricultural revolution and industrialization

The failure of the modernization strategies

The agricultural revolution, but how?

The alternative strategy

2. The role of the export sector

The decline in agricultural production

Failure of the export model

Alternative strategies: Algeria and Ethiopia

Social relations and agricultural development

3. Food self-sufficiency: Crisis of the collective ideology

The Lagos plan of action: A critique

World bank 'counter-plan'

The United Nations' plan (PPERA)

Food self-sufficiency strategies: Problems of implementation

4. Algeria: Agriculture and industry

The Algerian economy: development choices

Industrialization: Effects on agriculture

Agriculture and industry: Interaction

5. Mauritania: Nomadism and peripheral capital

Pastoral production

Integration of the pastoral world into the market economy

Evolution of the social and political framework of nomadism

Conclusion

6. Nigeria and the Ivory Coast: Commercial and export crops since 1960

Introduction

Agricultural production trends in both countries

Ivory Coast: Development strategy and commercial and export agriculture

How the state intervenes

Nigeria: Commercial and export agriculture

Conclusion

7. Ivory Coast: Agricultural and industrial development

Introduction

The role of agriculture in Ivorian industrial development

The industrialization strategy

Conclusion

8. Tanzania: Imperialism, the state and the peasantry

Introduction

Imperialism and rural development

Rural development policies in Tanzania: Post-independence

Social consequences of rural policies

Failure of villagization projects

Conclusion

9. Tunisia: The state, the peasantry and food dependence

The state and the peasantry

Consequences of state agricultural policy

10. The state and rural development 1960-85

Introduction

Management of rural development

Structural causes of the crisis

Prospects for a different rural development strategy

Conclusion

11. Agricultural development without delinking: Lessons to be drawn

The nature of the problem

Algeria

Tanzania

Experiences of Algeria and Tanzania: Lessons to be drawn

Conclusion

Abbreviations

African agriculture: The critical choices

Edited by

Hamid AÃ¯t Amara and Bernard Founou-Tchuigoua

With a Preface by Samir Amin

THE UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY/THIRD WORLD FORUM

STUDIES IN AFRICAN POLITICAL ECONOMY

General Editor: Samir Amin

United Nations University Press

Tokyo

Zed Books Ltd.

London and New Jersey

African Agriculture: The Critical Choices was first published in 1990 by: Zed Books Ltd., 57 Caledonian Road. London N1 9BU, UK, and 171 First Avenue, Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey 07716, USA and: United Nations University Press. Toho Seimei Building, 15-1 Shibuya 2-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan in co-operation with The Third World Forum. B.P. 3501, Dakar, Senegal.

Translation by A. M. Berrett.

Cover designed by Andrew Corbett.

Typeset by EMS Photosetters, Rochford, Essex.

Printed and bound in the United Kingdom at Bookcraft (Bath) Ltd. Midsomer Norton.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

African agriculture: the critical choices.

(The United Nations university studies in African economy)

1. Africa, Agricultural industries. Social aspects.

1. Amara, Hamid AÃ¯t. II. Founou-Tchuigoua Bernard. III. Series.

305,9'63 1'096

ISBN 0-86232-798-9

ISBN 0-86232 799-7 pbk

Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

African agriculture, the critical choices/edited by Hamid AÃ¯t Amara and Bernard Founou-Tchuigoua with a preface by Samir Amin. p. cm. - (Studies in African political economy)

ISBN 0-86232-798-9 ISBN 0-86232-799-7 (pbk.)

1. Agriculture and state - Africa - Case studies. 2. Food supply - Government policy - Africa - Case studies. 3. Produce trade - Government policy - Africa - Case studies.

I. Amara, Hamid AÃ¯t. II. Founou-Tchuigoua, Bernard. III. Series.

HD2118.A33 1989.	89-35869
338.1 '86-dc20	CIP

The United Nations University's Project on Transnationalization or Nation-Building in Africa (1982-1986) was undertaken by a network of African scholars under the co-ordination of Samir Amin. The purpose of the Project was to study the possibilities of and constraints on national autocentric development of African countries in the context of the world-system into which they have been integrated. Since the 1970s the world-system has been in a crisis of a severity and complexity unprecedented since the end of the Second World War; the Project examines the impact of this contemporary crisis on the political, economic and cultural situation of Africa today. Focusing on the complex relationship between transnationalization (namely, the dynamics of the world-system) and nation-building, which is seen as a precondition for national development, the Project explores a wide range of problems besetting Africa today and outlines possible alternatives to the prevailing development models which have proved to be inadequate.

TITLES IN THIS SERIES

M. L. Gakou

The Crisis in African Agriculture

1987

Peter Anyang' Nyong'o (editor)

Popular Struggles for Democracy in Africa

1987

Samir Amin, Derrick Chitala, Ibbo Mandaza (editors)

SADCC: Prospects for Disengagement and Development in Southern Africa

1987

Faysal Yachir

The World Steel Industry Today

1988

Faysal Yachir

Mining in Africa Today: Strategies and Prospects

1988

Faysal Yachir

The Mediterranean: Between Autonomy and Dependency

1989

Azzam Mahjoub (editor)

Adjustment or Delinking? The African Experience

1990

Hamid Ait Amara, Bernard Founou-Tchuigoua (editors)

African Agriculture The Critical Choices

1990

Other titles in preparation.