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138 Miller R, Sabin C, Leask C (1998) To tell or not to tell: Areview of HIV disclosure patterns at a London teaching hospital. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 24329.

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167 Lambouray JL (2000) HIV and Health Care Reform in Phayao, From Crisis to Opportunity. UNAIDS Best Practice publication (in press).

168 UNAIDS/WHO (1999) Technical consultation on notification and confidentiality and HIV/AIDS, Windhoek, Namibia. Meeting statement.

169 UNAIDS/WHO (2000) Reporting, partner notification and disclosure of HIV serostatus and/or AIDS. Public and human rights implications (in press UNAIDS/WHO).

170 De Cock K, Johnson A(1998) From exceptionalism to normalization: a reappraisal of attitudes and practice around HIV testing. British Medical Journal, 316 290-3.

171 Godfrey-Faussett P, Baggaley R (1998) Exceptionalism in HIV, challenges for Africa too. British Medical Journal, 316:1826-7.

172 Goma G (1999) Waller MK Denial of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in urban Zambia: Rethinking our approach to counselling. Presented at the XIth International conference on AIDS and STDs in Africa, Lusaka, Zambia, Abstract no 15ET1-4.

173 Sweat M, Sangiwa G, Balmer D (1998) HIV counselling and testing in Tanzania and Kenya is cost effective: results for the voluntary counselling and testing study. Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract no. 33277.

174 Sweat M et al. (2000) Cost-effectiveness of voluntary HIV-1 counselling and testing in reducing sexual transmission of HIV-1 in the United Republic of Tanzania and Kenya. Lancet 356:113-21.

175 Gilson L, Mkanje R, Grosskurth H. Cost-effectiveness of improved treatment services for sexually transmitted diseases in preventing HIV-1 infection in Mwansa Region, the United Republic of Tanzania. Lancet, 1997, 350:1805-09.

176 Meda N, Gautier-Charpentier L, Soudre R (1999) Serological diagnosis of HIV in Burkina Faso through reliable, practical and less expensive strategies using commercial test kits. WHO Bull 77 731-39.

177 Dhiingra-Kumar N (1998) Cost-effective model for developing a blood donor counselling programme 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Abstract no. 33271.

178 Holtgrave D et al. (1993) HIV counselling, testing, referral and partner notification services. A cost-benefit analysis Archives of Internal Medicine, 153:1225-30.

179 Varghese B, Peterman T, Holtgrave D (1999) Cost-effectiveness of counselling and testing and partner notification: a decision analysis. AIDS, 14:1745-51.

180 Kamb ML et al. (1998) Cost of preventing HIV via counselling: results from a randomized trial (project RESPECT). Presented at the XIIth International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 33263.

181 Marseille E, Kahn J, Mmiro F (1999) Cost-effectiveness of singe dose nevirapine regimen for mothers and babies to decrease vertical HIV-1 transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet, 354:803-809.

182 Mansergh G et al. (1996) Cost-effectiveness of short-course zidovudine to prevent perinatal HIV type 1 infection in a sub-Saharan African developing country setting. Journal of the American Medical Association, 276:2 139-145.

183 Mansergh G et al. (1998) Cost-effectiveness of zidovudine to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280:1 30-31.

184 Marseille E, Kahn J, Saba J (1998) Cost-effectiveness of antiretroviral drug therapy to reduce mother to child HIV transmission infection in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS, 12:8 939-948.

185 Wilkinson D, Floyd K, Gilks C (1998) Antiretroviral drugs as a public health intervention for pregnant HIV-infected women in rural South Africa: an issue of cost-effectiveness and capacity. AIDS, 12:13 1675-82.

186 Gibb D et al. (1999) Costs and benefits to the mother of antenatal HIV testing: estimates from simulation modelling. AIDS, 13:1569-76.

187 Colebunders R, Ndumbe P(1993) Priorities for HIV testing in developing countries. Lancet, 342:601-602.

188 Temmerman M et al. (1995) The right not to know HIV-test results. Lancet, 345:696-697.

189 Keogh P et al. (1994) The social impact of HIV infection on women in Kigali, Rwanda: a prospective study. Social Science and Medicine, 38:8 1047-53.

190 van der Straten Aet al. (1995) Couple communication, sexual coercion and HIV risk reduction in Kigali, Rwanda. AIDS, 9:8 935-44.

191 Maman S (1999) The intersection of HIV and violence: implications for HIV VCT in Dar es Salaam, the United Republic of Tanzania. Presented at the XIth International conference on AIDS and STDs in Africa, Lusaka, Zambia, Abstract 14DT2-2.

192 Maman S, Mbwambo J, Hogan M (2000) History of partner violence is common among women attending a voluntary counselling and testing clinic in Dar Es Salaam, the United Republic of Tanzania. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract C308.

193 Gregorich S et al. (1998) Being tested for HIV does not increase the incidence of negative life events in three developing countries: Results from the voluntary HIV counselling and testing study. Presented at the XII international Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland (Poster [24328]).

194 Kamenga M et al. (1991) Evidence of marked sexual behaviour change associated with low HIV-1 seroconversion in 149 married couples with discordant HIV-1 serostatus: experience at an HIV coun-selling centre in Zaire. AIDS, 5:61-67.

195 Baggaley R (1994) Compulsory HIV testing in religious orders. AIDS Analysis Africa, 5:10-11.

196 Lester P et al. (1995) The consequences of a positive prenatal HIV antibody test for women. Journal of AIDS and human retrovirology, 10:3 341-349.

197 Dautzenberg M et al. (1992) Coping behaviour of AIDS patients and caretakers in the United Republic of Tanzania. International Conference on AIDS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Abstract B224 VIII.

198 Ankrah M (1993) The impact of HIV/AIDS on the family and other significant relationships: the African clan revisited. AIDS Care, 5:5-22.

199 Lippman S, James W, Frierson R (1993) AIDS and the family: Implications for counselling. AIDS Care, 5:347-357.

200 Keogh P et al. (1994) The social impact of HIV infection on women in Kigali, Rwanda: a prospective study. Social Science and Medicine, 38:8 1047-53.

201 Sangiwa G et al. (2000) Client’s perspective of the role of voluntary counselling and testing in HIV/AIDS prevention and care in Dar Es Salaam, the United Republic of Tanzania: the Voluntary counselling and testing efficacy study. AIDS and behaviour, 4:1 35-48.

202 Coates T, Morin S, McCusick L (1987) Behavioural consequences of AIDS antibody testing among gay men Journal of the American Medical Association, 258:1889.

203 Doll L et al. (1990) High-risk sexual behaviour and knowledge of HIV antibody status in the San Francisco city clinic chort. Health Psychology, 9:3 253-65.

204 Magura S et al. (1990) Reactions of methadone patients to HIV antibody testing. Advances in alcohol and substance abuse, 8:97-111.

205 Cleary P et al. (1993) Depressive symptoms in blood donors notified of HIV infection. American Journal of Public Health, 83:4 534-539.

206 Branson B (1998) Experience with home collection kits in the USA. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280:19 1699.

207 Cartoux M et al. (1998) Acceptability of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) and interventions to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract no. 23310.

208 Tavengwa N, Ali F, Piwoz E (2000) The impact of counselling on infant feeding in the context of HIV on mothers’feeding knowledge, decisions and skills: Preliminary results from the ZVITAMBO Project (Harare, Zimbabwe). Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D5801.

209 Mazhani L et al. (2000) Report of mid-term review of the prevention on MTCT programme of Botswana (MoH/UNICEF Botswana).

210 Koetsawang S, Stewart R, Hewvuttiphan J (2000) Evaluation of counselling services in context of the perinatal HIV prevention trial in Thailand. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D1478.

211 Sixaxhe T (2000) Disclosure of HIV status among antenatal women in the Western Cape [MSc thesis, submitted for publication].

212 Martin-Hetz S, Katzenstein D, Shetty A(2000) Predictors of acceptance of HIV testing and counselling by pregnant women in Zimbabwe. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract C5313.

213 Chibwesha C et al. (2000) Acceptability of HIV counselling and testing - Lusaka Zambia. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract C5449.

214 Baggaley R et al. (1997) Knowledge and attitudes to HIV and AIDS and sexual practices among university students in Lusaka, Zambia and London, England: are they so different? Journal of the Royal Society of Health, 117:2 88-94.

215 Rosenvard K et al. (1998) Readiness for HIV counselling and testing in a country with extremely high HIV prevalence levels. Presented at XII International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 33261.

216 Balmer D et al. (1998) Counselling strategies: They work! Results form the voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) study.Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 24312.

217 Sehonou J et al. (1999) Nongovernmental organization against AIDS in Africa: the anonymous testing centre of Bangui for voluntary HIV counselling and testing in the Central African Republic. Presented at the XIth International conference on AIDS and STDs in Africa, Lusaka, Zambia, Abstract14DT4-2.

218 King R et al. (1993) Van de Perre Voluntary confidential HIV testing for couples in Kigali, Rwanda. AIDS, 7:10 1393-4.

219 Bhat G et al. (1998) Same-day HIV voluntary counselling and testing improves overall acceptability among prenatal women in Zambia. Presented at the XII International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract no 33283.

220 Kayawe (2000) Kara counselling and testing service Lusaka, Zambia project report.

221 Ladner J et al. (1996) Acohort study of factors associated with failure to return for post-test counselling in pregnant women: Kigali, Rwanda 1992-1993. AIDS, 10:69-75.

222 Msowoya K, Marum E, Barnaba A(2000) Four-fold increase of voluntary HIV counselling and testing in Malawi with same day results counselling and confirmed, rapid finger-prick testing. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract LbPeA7012.

223 Arthur G, Mutemi R, Odhiambo J (2000) Voluntary counselling and testing: improved access for the poor through integrating same day services into primary health care clinics. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract C1028.

224 Samayoa B et al. (2000) Using a rapid test in counselling HIV test services in Guatemalan urban clinics. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract C4303.

225 Sibailly T et al. (2000) Impact of on-site HIV rapid testing with same day post-test counselling on acceptance of short-curse zidovudine for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Abidjan Cd’Ivoire. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban. South Africa, Abstract C549.

226 Nakashima Aet al. (1998) Effect of HIV reporting by name on the use of publicly funded counselling and testing programmes. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280:16 1421-6.

227 Fehrs L, Fleming D, Foster L (1988) Trial of anonymous versus confidential HIV testing. Lancet, 2:379-382.

228 Hoxworth T et al. (1994) Anonymous HIV testing: does it attract clients who would not seek confidential testing? Journal of AIDS public policy, 9:182-189.

229 Hirano D et al. Englender S (1994) Hawkes H. Anonymous testing: the impact on demand in Arizona. American Journal of Public Health, 84:2 008-2010.

230 Hertz-Picciotto I, Lee L, Hoyo C (1996) HIV test-seeking before and after restriction of anonymous testing in North Carolina. American Journal of Public Health, 86:1446-1450.

231 Irwin K, Valdiserri R, Holmberg S (1996) The acceptability of voluntary HIV antibody testing in the United States; a decade of lessons learnt. AIDS, 10:1707-1717.

232 CDC (1993) Sexual risk behaviours of STD clinic patients before and after Earvin “Magic” Johnson’s HIV-infection announcement. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Record, 41:45-48.

233 Baggaley R et al. (1995) Barriers to HIV counselling and testing (VCT) in Chawama, Lusaka, Zambia. Presented at the IXth International Conference on AIDS/STDs in Africa, December.

234 Abraham J, Subrahmanian C (1998) Barriers towards the implementation/utilization of HIV coun-selling services. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 24339.

235 Viljoen J et al. (1998) Inadequate pre- and post-test counselling for HIV in two South African hospitals. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 24340.

236 Denolf D, Nzila N, Tahiri M (2000) HIV testing without counselling and announcing the results. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D3770.

237 Ktwe B et al. (1996) Feasibility of documenting the contents of HIV counselling sessions on Myanmar. Presented at the XI International conference on AIDS, Vancouver, Canada, Abstract D5103.

238 Thu M (1997) AIDS central counselling team, Infectious Diseases Hospital, Yangoon, Myanmar Report on the Myanmar counselling feasibility study (unpublished data).

239 Kayawe I et al. (1998) Client’s views on HIV counselling and testing - is it helpful? Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 33265.

240 PSI (1999) New start VCT project background document.

241 Sangiwa G et al. (2000) Client’s perspective of the role of voluntary counselling and testing in HIV/AIDS prevention and care in Dar Es Salaam, the United Republic of Tanzania: The Voluntary counselling and testing efficacy study. AIDS and behaviour, 4:1 35-48.

242 Csepe P, Simka J, Forrai (1998) Evaluation of anonymous HIV screening and counselling centre in Budapest, Hungary. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 42150.

243 Doumatey L, Traore R, Adoko Y (2000) HIV counselling and testing: The experience of Abidjan Cd’Ivoire. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D3764.

244 Rachier C, Arthur G, Doyle V (2000) HIV/AIDS prevention and care (HAPAC) project: counselling services: how can they be quality assure? Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D3751.

245 Mugula F et al. (1995) A community-based counselling service as a potential outlet for condom distribution. Presented at the 9th International Conference on AIDS and STD in Africa, Kampala, (paper WeD 834).

246 Kalichman S et al. (1998) Motivational enhancing and skills building risk reduction counselling interventions for women. Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Abstract no. 33272.

247 Shain et al. (1999) New England Journal of Medicine, 340:93-100.

248 Carey M et al. (1998) Reduced HIV risk among low-income women using motivational enhancement and behavioural skills training. Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Abstract no. 33274.

249 Kamb M et al. (1997) Efficacy of risk reduction counselling to prevent human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted diseases: a randomized, controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 277:254-258.

250 The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Multisite HIV prevention trial group (1998) The NIMAmultisite HIV prevention trial: reducing HIV sexual risk behaviour. Science, 280:1889-1894.

251 Imrie J, Stephenson J, Cowan F (1999) Arandomized controlled trial of brief small-group behavioural intervention workshop for ‘high risk’gay men using an STD clinic Presented at the 13^th meeting of the International Society for Sexually Transmitted Disease Research, Denver, Colorado, USA.

252 Mertens T, Smith G, Van Praag E (1994) Home testing for HIV. Lancet, 343:1 293.

253 Branson B (1998) Experience with home collection kits in the USA. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280:19 1 699.

254 Mwaura J, Odhaiambo D, Maina N (1998) Pre- and post-test counselling in patients admitted to the Kenyatta National Hospital between May 1996 and July 1997. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 42455.

255 Nikitina M (1998) Training of health workers in pre- and post-test counselling for HIV tests. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 33319.

256 Kelly J et al. (1992) Community AIDS/HIV risk reduction: the effects of endorsements by popular people in three cities. American Journal of Public Health, 82:11 1483-11489.

257 Doumatey L et al. (1998) The impact of AIDS counselling in Africa: The experience of Abidjan Cd’Ivoire. Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Abstract no. 24346.

258 Kamenga M et al. (1991) Evidence of marked sexual behaviour change associated with low HIV-1 seroconversion in 149 married couples with discordant HIV-1 serostatus: experience at an HIV coun-selling centre in Zaire. AIDS, 5:61-67.

259 Ryder R, Batter V, Nsuami M (1991) Fertility rates in 238 HIV-1 seropositive women in Zaire followed for 3 years post-partum. AIDS, 5:1 521-27.

260 Laga M et al. (1994) Condom promotion, sexually transmitted disease treatment and declining incidence of HIV-1 infection in female Zairian sex workers. Lancet, 344:8917 246-8.

261 Sahlu T et al. (1999) Sexual behaviours, perception of risk of HIV infection, and factors associated with attending HIV post-test counselling in Ethiopia. AIDS, 13:10 1 263-1 272.

262 Temmerman M et al. (1990) Impact of single session post-partum counselling of HIV infected women on their subsequent reproductive behaviour. AIDS Care, 247-252.

263 UNAIDS (1999) Knowledge is power: voluntary HIV counselling and testing in Uganda. UNAIDS case study. (Best Practice collection UNAIDS/99.8E).

264 Magombe J et al. (1998) Extension of HIV counselling and testing in rural sites: the Ugandan experience. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 13427.

265 Muller O et al. (1992) HIV prevalence, attitudes and behaviour in clients of a confidential HIV testing and counselling centre of Uganda. AIDS, 6:869-874.

266 Moore M et al. (1993) Impact of HIV counselling and testing in Uganda. Presented at the 9th International Conference on AIDS, Berlin, Germany, Abstract WS-C16-4.

267 Kaleeba N et al. (1997) Participatory evaluation of counselling, medical and social services of The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) in Uganda. AIDS Care, 9:1 13-26.

268 TASO Uganda, the inside story: participatory evaluation of the HIV/AIDS counselling, medical and social services (1993-1994) (WHO/GPA/TCO/HCS/95.1).

269 Konde-Lule J, Sebina A(1993) The impact of HIV in a rural Ugandan community. East African Medical Journal, 70:725-729.

270 Mukasa-Monico S, Bunnell R, Onyango H (2000) Impact of routine counselling on sexual behaviour of persons with HIV in Uganda. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D4526.

271 Kamya M (1998) HIV/AIDS counselling in Butego community of Masaka district from 1993-1998. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland (Abstract 13419).

272 Lutalo T, Kidugavu M, Mawwer M (2000) Contraceptive use and HIV testing and counselling in rural Rakai district, SW Uganda. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract C246.

273 Nyblade L, Menken J, Wawe M (2000) HIV risk-behaviour change subsequent to participation in voluntary counselling and testing. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D4731.

274 Jordan I-B, Haworth A(1995) The contribution of counselling in hospital and home-based care in a small town and surrounding rural area in Zambia. Tropical Doctor, 25:21-24.

275 Kelly M, Baggaley R (1994) Voluntary HIV counselling in Lusaka, Zambia. Who comes, why and does it help? Presented at the Xth International Conference on AIDS, Yokohama, Japan, Abstract 519B/D.

276 Baggaley R et al. (1998) HIV counselling and testing in Zambia: The Kara counselling experience (SAFAIDS 6(2) 1-9).

277 Baggaley R et al. (1998) Kara coping study - interim report (UNAIDS/WHO).

278 Chanda C, Baggaley R (1994) Does counselling help to empower women to negotiate for safer sex? Presented at the Xth International Conference on AIDS, Yokohama, Japan, Abstract 063D.

279 PSI (1999) New start VCT project background document.

280 Moses P, Sangiwa G, Ncube B (2000) New hope with “New Start”: social marketing of voluntary coun-selling and testing for HIV prevention. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D3789.

281 Sangiwa G, Moses P, Ncube B (2000) “New Start” voluntary counselling and testing for HIV prevention in Zimbabwe: Effectiveness in reaching target populations. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D3789.

282 Coates T, et al. (1998) Serodiscordant married couples undergoing couple counselling and testing reduce risk behaviour with each other but not with extra-marital partners. Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Abstract no. 33268.

283 Coates T, et al. (1998) HIV risk reduction in individuals receiving voluntary HIV-+ counselling and testing in three developing countries and HIV risk reduction in couples receiving HIV counselling and testing in three developing countries (submitted for publication).

284 Sangiwa G et al. (1998) Voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) reduces risk behaviour in developing countries: results from the multi-site voluntary counselling and testing efficacy study. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 33269.

285 Sangiwa G et al. (2000) Client’s perspective of the role of voluntary counselling and testing in HIV/AIDS prevention and care in Dar Es Salaam, the United Republic of Tanzania: The Voluntary counselling and testing efficacy study. AIDS and behaviour, 4:1 35-48.

286 Kamenga et al. (2000) The voluntary HIV-1 counselling and testing efficacy study: Design and Methods. AIDS and behaviour, 4:1 5- 15.

287 Balmer D et al. (2000) Characteristics of individuals and couples seeking HIV-1 prevention services in Nairobi, Kenya: the voluntary HIV-1 counselling and testing efficacy study. AIDS and behaviour, 4:1 15-23.

288 Furlong C et al. (2000) HIV risk factors in a population-based probability sample of North and Central Trinidad: The voluntary HIV-1 counselling and testing efficacy study. AIDS and behaviour, 4:1 49-62.

289 The VCT efficacy study group (2000) Efficacy of voluntary HIV-1 counselling and testing in individuals and couples in Kenya, the United Republic of Tanzania and Trinidad: a randomized trial. Lancet, 356:103-12.

290 Bhandari K, Gilada I (1998) Success of comprehensive HIV counselling and testing and care clinics in India. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 12422.

291 Kalyanasundaram B (1998) Establishing counselling interventions within government STD clinics in Bangalore - an NGO’s experience in the Indian context. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 33260.

292 Bentley M et al. (1998) HIV testing and counselling among men attending STD clinic in Pune, India: changes in condom use and sexual behaviour over time. AIDS, 12:1 869-1 877.

293 Guntamala L, Chaiyawan G, Yachompoo C (1998) Anonymous counselling and testing clinics for HIV/AIDS in Thailand. Presented at the 12^th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, Abstract 33290.

294 Phanuphak P et al. (1994) Knowledge attitudes and behaviour among HIV- positive and HIV-negative clients of a confidential HIV counselling and testing centre in Thailand. AIDS, 8:1 315-1 319.

295 Muller O et al. (1995) Sexual risk behaviour reduction associated with voluntary counselling and tes-tign in HIV infected patients in Thailand. AIDS Care, 7:567-572.

296 Kywe B et al. (1996) Feasibility of documenting the contents of HIV counselling sessions on Myanmar. Presented at the XI International conference on AIDS, Vancouver, Canada, Abstract D5103.

297 Thu M (1997) AIDS central counselling team, Infectious Diseases Hospital, Yangoon, Myanmar Report on the Myanmar counselling feasibility study (unpublished data).

298 Caceres C, Hearst N (1996) HIV/AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: an update. AIDS (suppl A) S34-S40.

299 UNAIDS (1999) AIDS epidemic update (UNAIDS/99.53E WHO/CDS/EDU/99.9 WHO/FCH/HIS/99.6).

300 Gonzalez M, Ministero de Salud, Fergadiott A(1997) Centre de deteccion y consejeria CONSIDA, Toro X., FRENASIDA, Santiago, Chile (unpublished document).

301 Passarelli C, Munhoz R, Mirim l (2000) Counselling and testing centres in Brazil: from care to prevention. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D4479.

302 Filgueiras S, Munhoz R, Passarelli C (2000) Counselling on STDs and AIDS services: an evaluation. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D1479.

303 Wenger N et al. (1992) Effect of HIV antibody testing and AIDS education on communication about HIV risk and sexual behaviour. Arandomised, controlled trial in college students. Annals of internal medicine, 117:11 905-11.

304 Wenger N et al. (1991) Reduction of high-risk behaviour among heterosexuals undergoing HIV antibody testing: Arandomized clinical trial. American Journal of Public Health, 81:1 580-1 585.

305 Wilson T et al. (1996) Testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases: implications for risk behaviour in women. Health Psychology, 15:4 252-60.

306 Icovics J et al. (1994) Limited effects of HIV counselling and testing on women. Journal of the American Medical Association, 272:443-448.

307 Lansis S, Earp J, Koch G (1992) Impact of HIV testing and counselling on subsequent sexual behav-iour. AIDS education and prevention, 4:1 61-70.

308 Coates T, Morin S, McCusick L (1987) Behavioural consequences of AIDS antibody testing among gay men. Journal of the American Medical Association, 258.

309 van Griensven G et al. (1989) Effect of HIV antibody knowledge on high-risk sexual behaviour with steady and non-steady sexual partners among homosexual men. American Journal of Epidemiology, 129:3 596-603.

310 Schechter M et al. (1989) Patterns of sexual behaviour and condom use in a cohort of homosexual men. American Journal of Public Health, 78:12 1 535-1 538.

311 Ostrow D, Joseph J, Kessler R (1989) Disclosure of HIV antibody status: behavioural and mental health correlates. AIDS education and prevention, 1:1-11.

312 Doll L et al. (1990) High-risk sexual behaviour and knowledge of HIV antibody status in the San Francisco city clinic chort. Health Psychology, 9:3 253-65.

313 Zapa J et al. (1991) HIV antibody test result knowledge, risk, perceptions and behaviour among homosexually active men. Patient Education and Counselling, 18:9-17.

314 Huggins J et al. (1991) Affective behavioural responses of gay and bisexual men to HIV antibody testing. Social Work, 36:1 61-6.

315 Dawson J et al. (1991) The HIV test and sexual behaviour in a sample of homosexually active men. Social Science and Medicine, 32:683-688.

316 Roffman R et al. (1995) HIV antibody testing of gay men in smaller US cities. AIDS Care, 7:405-413.

317 Fox R et al. (1987) Effect of HIV antibody disclosure on subsequent sexual activity in homosexual men. AIDS, 1:4 241-6.

318 McCusker J et al. (1988) Effects of HIV antibody testing on knowledge on subsequent behaviours in a cohort of homosexually active men. American Journal of Public Health, 78:462-467.

319 Cohn D et al. (1998) Changes in HIV risk behaviour in a longitudinal cohort of homosexual and bisexual men. Presented at the 4th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Stockholm, Sweden.

320 Zones J, Beeson D, Echenberg D (1986) Personal and social consequences of AIDS antibody testing and notification in a cohort of homosexual and bisexual men. Presented at the 2^nd International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Paris, France.

321 McKusick L. et al. (1990) Longitudinal predictors of reductions in unprotected anal intercourse among gay men in San Francisco: the AIDS behavioural research project. American Journal of Public Health, 80:978-983.

322 Valdiserri R, Lyter D, Leviton L (1988) Variables influencing condom use in a cohort of homosexual and bisexual men. American Journal of Public Health, 78:801-805.

323 Frazer I et al. (1988) Influence of HIV antibody testing on sexual behaviour in a high risk population from a low-risk city Medical Journal of Australia, 149:365-368.

324 Ross M (1988) Relationship of combinations of AIDS counselling and testing and safer sex and condom use in homosexual men. Community Health Studies, 12:322-327.

325 Abid S et al. (1991) Relapse in sexual behaviour among homosexual men: a 2-year follow-up from Chicago MACS/CCS. AIDS, 5:757-760.

326 Nicolosi Aet al. (1991) Positive modification of injecting behaviour among intravenous heroin users form Milan and Northern Italy 1987-89. British Journal of Addiction, 86:91-102.

327 Magura S, Shapiro J, Grossman J (1990) Reactions of methadone patients to HIV antibody testing. Advances in alcohol and substance abuse, 8:97-111.

328 Magura S, Siddiqi Q, Shapiro J (1991) Outcomes of AIDS prevention programme for methadone patients. International Journal of Addiction, 26:629-655.

329 Desenclos J, Papaevangelou G, Ancelle-Park R (1993) Knowledge of HIV serostatus and preventive behaviour among European injecting drug users. AIDS, 7:1371-1377.

330 Watters J et al. (1994) Syringe and needle exchange as HIV/AIDS prevention for injecting drug users. Journal of the American Medical Association, 271:115-120.

331 Drucker E et al. (1998) Measuring harm reduction: the effects of needle and syringe exchange pro-grammes and methadone maintenance on the impact of HIV. AIDS, 12 A: S217-30.

332 Des Jarlais D, Perlis T, Friedman S. (2000) The roles of syringe exchange and HIV counselling and testing in the declining HIV epidemic among IDUs in New York City. Presented at the 13th International Conference on HIV/AIDS, Durban, South Africa, Abstract D1124.

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