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Most of the businesses that have developed a response to HIV/AIDS have begun by initiating policies aimed at their workforces. This is a reflection of the recognition by business of the impact of HIV/AIDS. More recently anti-discrimination legislation, sometimes led by businesses in their development of voluntary codes, in a growing number of countries has necessitated, at the minimum, the development of a HIV/AIDS policy. For others, workplace initiatives are a consequence of the identification that HIV/AIDS can result in declining productivity, rising production cost and loss of market positioning. In addition, some responses are a result of direct business interests in HIV/AIDS, in particular the pharmaceutical and insurance sectors.