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Togo

HIV/AIDS epidemiological summary

HIV surveillance information on antenatal clinic women has been available from Togo since 1991. Loms considered the major urban area in Togo. In 1996 and 1997, sentinel surveillance among antenatal clinic women tested in Lomeported HIV prevalence ranging from 7% to 8%. In 1992, 16.5% of antenatal clinic women tested in Lomere HIV-1 - and/or HIV-2-positive. Data for the individual viruses were not available. Outside LomHIV prevalence information is available from Dapaong for the years 1991-1993. In 1991, 1% of the antenatal clinic women tested HIV-1 - and/or HIV-2-positive. From 1992 to 1993 in Dapaong, HIV-1 prevalence increased from nearly 2% to 3% of antenatal clinic women tested. In 1993, nearly 2% of the women less than 20 years of age in Dapaong were HIV-1-infected. Between 1994 and 1997, HIV prevalence among antenatal clinic women tested at sentinel surveillance sites was 5%. HIV prevalence ranged from 3% to 8% of women tested in 1997.

One study of sex workers conducted in Lomn 1992 showed that nearly 80% of the women tested HIV-1 - and/or HIV-2-positive. Prevalence by virus type was not available, nor was any other information on prevalence rates among sex workers.

In 1992, 45% of STI clinic patients tested in Lomere HIV-positive. In Dapaong, HIV prevalence among STI clinic patients tested ranged from 7% to 10% between 1991 and 1993.

A study of truck drivers in Lomonducted in 1992 reported that 33% tested were HIV-1 - and/or HIV-2-positive.

In 1995 and 1996, 2% of army recruits tested HIV-positive.

Figure

Economic impact of HIV/AIDS

Summary of the economic impact of HIV/AIDS

No empirical data on the economic impact of HIV/AIDS on Togo were found in the literature review. Only international studies using models to explore the effect of AIDS on the education and health systems provided any information on the potential impact in the country. However, as with many sub-Saharan African nations, the impact will be felt in each of the sectors identified here. In households and in the agricultural sector, illness and death lead to increased expenditure, reduced savings and shifts in productivity patterns. In the area of businesses, more detailed studies are required to understand the full impact. In education, a model developed by UNAIDS and UNICEF in 2000 shows how increasing mortality rates due to AIDS lead to discontinuity, with many pupils losing or having a change in their teachers. In the health sector, there are still extensive investments required to scale-up AIDS programmes equivalent to US$ 2 - US$ 3 per capita and 0.9% of GDP. Data are also required in order for us to understand how the epidemic is impacting on demand for education and health as well as how supply in the health sector might be affected by rising infection rates in health care workers.

Macroeconomic impact

Not available

Economic impact of HIV/AIDS on households

Not available

Economic impact of HIV/AIDS on agriculture

Not available

Economic impact of HIV/AIDS on firms

Not available

Economic impact of HIV/AIDS on education

Supply: A model developed by UNAIDS and UNICEF in 2000 shows that, of around 830 000 primary school students, 7300 would have lost a teacher to AIDS in 1999 (1).

Demand: Not available

Economic impact on the health sector

Supply: Not available

Demand: Not available

Resource gap: The annual costs of scaling-up HIV/AIDS programmes is estimated to be between US$ 10 million and US$ 14 million. (2).

Management and implementation of the national response to HIV/AIDS

Policy formulation

Existence of national HIV/AIDS policy (either a written document or part of one)

Comments/Key elements: MTPII 1995 2000
Source: UNAIDS
Date: June 2000

Existence of HIV/AIDS policy in the following sectors:

Comments/Key elements: No specific policy but all sectors are considered in MTP II
Source: UNAIDS
Date: June 2000

Existence of HIV/AIDS-specific legislation against discrimination on the grounds of HIV

Comments/Key elements: No specific legislation, but national recommendation.
Source: UNAIDS
Date: June 2000

Organizational structure

Existence of high-level structure in support of the national response

(e.g. National AIDS Committee/Commission, Inter-Ministerial Committee, Presidential-level bodies)

Comments/Key elements: However, the proposal has been made to locate a coordinating body at high level.

Source: UNAIDS

Date: June 2000

Planning and programming

Existence of national strategic plan on HIV/AIDS

Comments/Key elements: Under preparation, situation analysis being conducted.
Source: UNAIDS
Date: June 2000

National strategic plan on HIV/AIDS includes clearly identified priorities

Comments/Key elements: National strategic plan under preparation.
Source: UNAIDS
Date: June 2000

Existence of budget for implementation of the national strategic plan

Comments/Key elements: National strategic plan under preparation.
Source: UNAIDS
Date: June 2000

General demographic and socioeconomic indicators

References

(1) UNICEF. The Progress of Nations 2000. Background paper. New York, UNICEF, 2000.

(2) World Bank and UNAIDS. Costs of Scaling HIV Programmes to a National Level in Sub-Saharan Africa. Draft report, 2000.