Aid as development of culture-specific professional administration

From the preceding empirical analysis we can draw two normative conclusions.

(1) The question of NORAD's capacity for entrepreneurial mobilization in the recipient government and within the aid projects is dependent on the character of the NORAD organization itself, its ability to learn, its ability to empathize with different democratic/social movements and its ability to support the emergence and organization of indigenous entrepreneurial capacity. Institution-building in the aid receiving countries as a new NORAD policy seems dependent on reorganizing the structure of NORAD so that it can increase its competence in assisting the recipient government build professional public administration. If institution-building means simple export of western administrative rationality to third world countries, the chances of a new round of unsuccessful assistance are large.

(2) The tight relation between a modem, private-sector-connected NORAD and a traditional elitist bureaucracy in Tanzania produces a form of parasitism on both sides: the bureaucracy vegetating on NORAD funds without infrastructural capacity of any importance and NORAD finding problems in Tanzania that Norwegian organizations and firms have ready-made solutions for (solutions seeking problems). This closed connection between NORAD, the Tanzanian bureaucracy and private capital interests in Norway hinders NORAD from developing a concept of state-organized assistance to entrepreneurial mobilization in the public sector in Tanzania.

The development potential of the NORAD projects and personnel inputs is present and dependent upon closer, more informed connections to the environment where the aid is located, with a focus on social and administrative mechanisms favouring entrepreneurial mobilization. Aid projects can be seen as having both a core and a borderline technology. The core technology is the modern input adjusted to available national and international technology and the borderline technology of communication and cooperation into product- and labour markets, into relevant communities, into organizations, into political and administrative authorities, into the educational system etc.; has the purpose of assisting where possible in entrepreneurial mobilization. The problem on the borderline is the creation of mechanisms that increase the use of local resources in the projects and increases the transfer of resources from the projects to the centres of entrepreneurial activity in society.