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close this bookHealth and Environment in Sustainable Development - Five Years after the Earth Summit (WHO, 1991, 128 p.)
close this folderPart II. Essential media and reagents for isolation and identification of clinical pathogens
close this folderPriority grading of pathogens, culture media, and diagnostic reagents
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View the documentBlood culture
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View the documentPus and exudates
View the documentList of recommended culture media and diagnostic reagents for the intermediate microbiological laboratory

List of recommended culture media and diagnostic reagents for the intermediate microbiological laboratory

Culture media

Recommended medium

Alternative

Priority code

acetate agar


3

Andrade peptone water

phenol red broth base

2

bile-aesculin agar


1

blood agar base (see tryptic soy agar)

Columbia agar base

1

brolacin agar

purple lactose agar

1

decarboxylase broth base (Mr)


2

DNase agar


3

Kligler iron agar (KIA)


1

Ler coagulated serum

Dorset egg medium

1

Lstein-Jensen medium base


1

MacConkey agar (with crystal violet)


1

mannitol salt agar (MSA)


2

motility-indole-urease medium (MIU)

motility test medium + urea broth + peptone (tryptone) water

1

Mueller-Hinton agar


1

Sabouraud dextrose agar


1

deoxycholate citrate agar

Salmonella-Shigella agar (SS)

1

selenite F broth


2

Simmons’ citrate agar


2

tryptic soy agar (TSA)


1

tryptic soy broth (TSB)

brain heart infusion broth

1

thioglycollate medium (with indicator)

Schaedler broth, Wilkins-Chalgren anaerobe broth, cooked meat medium

2

TCBS

Monsur’s TTG medium

1

transport medium (Amies)

transport medium (Stuart or Cary-Blair)

1

Inhibitors or antibiotics for use in media or as reagents

Priority code

bacitracin (for isolation of Haemophilus spp)

3

Campylobacter antibiotic supplement

2

chloramphenicol (for isolation of fungi)

1

tellurite solution (for isolation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae)

2

vancomycin (for isolation of Haemophilus ducreyi or H. influenzae)

3

gonococcal antibiotic supplement: vancomycin, colistin, nystatin (trimethoprim): VCN (VCNT)

1

Clostridium difficile antibiotic supplement for selective agar

3

Enrichments for culture media


IsoVitaleX (Polyvitex, Vitox, supplement B, supplement VX, supplement CVA)

2

sodium-polyanethol sulfonate (SPS)

3

Diagnostic discs, tablets, or strips


b-glucuronidase (PGUA)

2

bacitracin

1

novobiocin (5 mg)

3

ONPG

1

optochin

1

oxidase

1

V, XV growth factors

2

vibriostatic compound 0/129

3

Nitrocefin disc (Cefinase) or reagent

1

Diagnostic kits


Rapid serodiagnostic kit for identification of meningococci

3

Serological grouping kit for haemolytic streptococci

3

Miscellaneous diagnostic reagents


barium sulfate standard (for Kirby-Bauer method)

1

buffered glycerol-saline (for transportation of stool)

2

Gram stain reagents

1

hydrogen peroxide (for catalase)

1

India ink (for capsule detection)

2

Kovac’s reagent (for indole)

1

oxidase reagent (dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine)

1

plasma (for coagulase test and germ tube test)

1

Ziehl-Neelsen stain

1

carbohydrates: glucose, lactose, maltose, mannitol, sucrose

2

amino acids: lysine (for decarboxylase test)

2

hydrogen generator for anaerobic jar

2

Sensitivity-testing discs

Antibiotics included in the WHO list of essential drugs (1990)

ampicillin
chloramphenicol
co-trimoxazole (sulfamethoxazole - trimethoprim)
erythromycin
gentamicin
nitrofurantoin
oxacillin
benzylpenicillin
piperacillin
sulfonamide
tetracycline (or doxycycline)
trimethoprim

Reserved antibiotics

amikacin
ceftriaxone
cefuroxime
cefalotin
ciprofloxacin or other fluoquinolones
clindamycin
nalidixic acid
tobramycin

Diagnostic antisera


Priority code

Salmonella:

polyvalent o

1


specific O-group: 9, 12 (D) and Vi

1


specific O-group: 4, 5 (B)

2


specific H: d, i

2

Shigella:

polyvalent flexneri, polyvalent boydii, polyvalent



dysenteriae, sonnei



specific: anti-Shigella dysenteriae 1 (Shiga)

1

Vibrio cholerae:

polyvalent 0:1

1


specific: ogawa, inaba

3

Neisseria meningitidis:

polyvalent and group-specific: A, B, C

3

Haemophilus influenzae:

type b

3