Community Approach to Integrated Basic Services Promoting Health and Livelihood for the Urban Poor - UNCHS Pilot Project: Lucknow, Rajkot, Visakhapatnam (Government of India - HABITAT, 1999, 90 p.): 4. Visakhapatnam City Project: 4.6 Strategies and Activities

Community Approach to Integrated Basic Services Promoting Health and Livelihood for the Urban Poor - UNCHS Pilot Project: Lucknow, Rajkot, Visakhapatnam (Government of India - HABITAT, 1999, 90 p.)

4. Visakhapatnam City Project

		4.1 The City Profile
		4.2 Socio-economic Profile
		4.3 Infrastructure Arrangements
		4.4 Institutional Arrangements, Management and Finance
		4.5 Slum Areas under UNCHS Programme
		4.6 Strategies and Activities

4.6 Strategies and Activities

Activities under the Programme have been enthusiastically taken up by the MCV in all the 11 identified slums. Within each slum the communities have been motivated and local community groups organized. These groups interact with the slum residents and prioritise the work to be taken up within each slum according to the perceived needs of the people and the benefits available under the various programmes. The local women folk are actively involved in the community groups and themselves undertake many of the social activities related to education (pre-primary and continuing/ adult education), coaching, vocations training and family welfare. The infrastructure development work is jointly done by the MCV, private contractors and the community with the MCV primarily in a advisory, facilitating and monitoring role.

Strategies

The following strategy actions have been taken to initiate the process conceived in the UNCHS programme:-

· Households survey of families below the poverty line were done and 55,644 families were enumerated.
· 1871 Resident Community Volunteers were selected as per SJSRY guidelines.
· Five community development societies were formed and were registered. Meetings were convened with banks and targets were given to the banks under USEP & DWCUA.
· A meeting was organised with all the members of Community Development Societies and the various functions they would have to perform under USEP and DWCUA were explained.
· A revolving fund of Rs. 25,000 was sanctioned to one organisation called Visakha Mahila Sewa Sangham and another 23 groups were identified for sanction of revolving funds These are in existence for more than one year as per SJSRY guidelines.
· Community development societies were asked to sponsor 500 candidates for under going skill development programmes.
· Under Chief Minister's Empowerment of Youth Programme (CMEY), 275 groups were selected by the district sanction committee.
· Under NSDP an amount of Rs. 7.4 million was allocated to the Municipal Corporation.
· The Government of Andhra Pradesh directed the Municipal Corporation to entrust the following nature of work in slums to the Community Development Societies out of the allocations made for physical amenities.

- Laying of C.C. Roads
- Laying of C.C. Drains
- Street lighting

· Technical training programmes were conducted for Community Development Society members.
· Thrift and Credit Societies were formed through St. Ann's Financial Services. Till present the total outreach is 1541 members with about Rs. 490,000 mobilised as savings.

Community centre in a slum in the heart of the city. The facility is a focal point for a variety of activities.

Impact of Vocational Training

1890 beneficiaries have been gainfully employed so far under vocational training programmes in various trades organized through the Municipal Corporation. Efforts have been made to link the loaning programme under NRY to the candidates who have already undertaken skill development training. The range of vocational trades covered include training in TV and radio maintenance, typewriting and stenography, metal Workshop, printing, vehicle Workshop, electricity, air conditioning etc.

*Thrift and Credit Societies* St. Ann's Financial Services programme provides services for formation of Thrift and Credit Societies. The organisation is active in most slums in Visakhapatnam. The details of work activities and achievements of this society are as follows:
· Age of the Savings and Credit programme	5 years
· Type of groups	Women
· Size of groups	8-15 members
· Present out reach	1541 members
· Saving mobilized	Rs. 4,89,215
· Frequency of group meetings	Once in a month
· Average savings per member per month	Rs. 10/- (min.)
· Interest/Dividend paid on saving	Yes
· Average Loan size	Rs. 1467
· Repayment schedule	1 year
· Rate of interest on loan	3% per month
· Management of accounts	Groups themselves
· Overall management of groups	Visakha Mahila Sewa Samithi (Federation of groups)

*Involvement of NGOs* A number of NGOs have been involved in sustaining numerous activities each in Visakhapatnam City. The types of work done by the seven main NGOs is detailed here.
· Visakha Mahila Seva Sangham (St. Anns Navajeevan Health Centre)	Saving and credit schemes for women
· Visakha Jilla Nava Nirmana Samithi	Management of Resource Centre and continuing education centre
· PIMHANS	Adult literacy programme
· World Vision of India	Pre-school education and minimum basic services
· Pragathi Charitable Trust	Legal literacy for women
· Prema Hospitals	Polio surgical camps and supply of calipers
· Sramika Vidhya Peeth (Assisted by Ministry of HRD)	Vocational Training

Details of Activities

The strategies, as enumerated earlier, were applied to the work in the selected slums. The details of work completed in the various slum areas under the UNCHS Programme are tabulated in Table 4.4.

A typical Visakhapatnam slum before the advent of the UNCHS programme. Lack of paving and storm drainage would turn if into a quagmire during heavy rain.

The same slum after the programme. Increased convenience has allowed the community to focus on income generating activities.

Table 4.4 Activities under UNCHS Programme in selected Slums - Visakhapatnam

S. No.

Name of the Slum

Ward No.

Total Households

Population

Infrastructure Provisions

Socio-economic Programmes

Under NSDP

By MCV

Water connections

ILCS (GOI)

Urban Self Programme

Thrift and Credit Groups (SJSRY)

Monthly savings of all groups

CMEY (GoAP)

SC Colony Venkatapuram

44 Extn.

256

CC Roads & Rs. 189700

Construction of Sulabh Complex and CC Roads Rs. 2691000

2 units
Rs. 10400

2 groups

Rs. 2000

2 groups
Rs. 200000

Chinana Marripalem

230

1182

CC Roads & Drains in 3 phases Rs. 109600

Repair of Sulabh Complex, Roads & Drains Rs. 554000

18 taps
Rs. 72000

83 units
Rs. 431600

Rs. 198000

4 groups

Rs. 4000

1 group
Rs. 100000

Pithanidibba

321

1607

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 45000

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 898000

14 taps
Rs. 56000

10 groups

Rs. 5000

2 groups
Rs. 200000

Slum Near Circuit House

246

740

CC Roads & Rs. 94000

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 95000

5 taps
Rs. 20000

17 units
Rs. 88400

3 members

4 groups

Rs. 4000

1 group
Rs. 100000

Prasad Gardens

690

3448

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 74000

Providing CC Roads & Drains Rs. 512000

24 taps
Rs. 96000

Rs. 35000

8 groups

Rs. 8000

5 groups
Rs. 500000

Chilakapeta

580

2904

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 119800

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 152000

8 taps
Rs. 32000

2 units
Rs. 10400

20 groups

Rs. 19000

2 groups
Rs. 200000

Kothajalaripeta

672

3370

CC Drains Rs. 30000

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 72000

15 taps
Rs. 60000

12 groups

Rs. 15000

4 groups
Rs. 400000

Shramika Nagar

268

CC Roads & Drains

Construction of Drains Rs. 19300

6 taps
Rs. 24000

6 units
Rs. 31200

2 groups

Rs. 2000

1 group
Rs. 100000

Resapuvanipalem

164

846

Road Rs. 41000

Roads & Drains Rs. 1066000

1 tap only
Rs. 2000

9 units
Rs. 46800

6 groups

Rs. 6000

2 groups
Rs. 200000

10.

Srinivasa Nagar

256

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 67300

Cross Culvert construction and Laying of BT Road Rs. 270000

4 units
Rs. 20800

2 groups

Rs. 2000

1 group
Rs. 100000

11.

Kunchamma Colony

128

612

CC Roads & Drains Rs. 99800

Construction of Culvert Rs. 178000

9 units
Rs. 46800

8 groups

Rs. 8000

1 group
Rs. 100000

Table 4.4 Contd.

S. No.	Name of the Slum	Ward No.	Socio-economic Programmes					EWS. Housing	Awareness Health Programmes
			Craft Centres (UPA)	ADARANA (GoAP)	DWCUA Groups (SJSRY)	Balikas Samrudhi Yojana	National Old Age Pension		Vocational Training (SJSRY)	Educational Programmes (UPA)	Primary Health Care Centre (UPA)
1.	SC Colony Venkatapuram	44 Extn.	-	25 artisans provided with tools	-	-	-	-	2 members Rs. 4000	-
2.	Chinana Marripalem	42	1 Sewing Centre for 20 women Rs. 6000 per year	15 artisans provided with tools	2 groups hand glove units in process	5 children Rs. 2500	-	EWS Housing was completed earlier	3 Members Rs. 6000	1 Non-formal education centre for drop-outs Rs. 6000 per year; 1 Anganwadi Centre for 50 children by ICDS, Rs. 10200	1 CHV Rs. 14400 per year
3.	Pithanidibba	17	1 Sewing Centre covering 28 women Rs. 6000 per year	22 artisans provided with tools	-	-	4	-	4 Members Rs. 8000	1 Balwadi Centre for 50 children Rs. 6000 per year 1 Anganwadi Centre for 100 children by ICDS, Rs. 10200	1 CHV Rs. 14400 per year
4.	Slum Near Circuit House		1 Sewing Centre covering 23 women Rs. 6000 per year	13 artisans provided with tools	-	-	-	Already completed	4 Members Rs. 8000	1 Balwadi Centre for 50 children Rs. 6000 per year	1 CHV Rs. 14400 per year
5.	Prasad Gardens	10	2 Sewing Centres covering 60 women Rs. 12000 per year	60 artisans provided with power tools	-	46 children Rs. 23000	6	In progress	6 Members Rs. 12000	4 Balwadi Centres for 200 children by ICDS Rs. 40800 per year	1 Primary Health Care Centre with CHVs Rs. 21800
6.	Chilakapeta	2	1 Sewing Centre covering 30 women Rs. 5000 per year	40 artisans provided with tools	1 group Chalk pieces making Rs. 250000	7 children Rs. 3500	1	300 units constructed and proposal for 200 units in progress	4 Members Rs. 8000	1 Balwadi Centre for 50 children Rs. 5000 per year 2 Anganwadi Centres for 100 children by ICDS Rs. 20400 per year + supplementary nutrition	1 Centre covering 500 families Rs. 21600 per year
7.	Kothajalaripeta	20	1 Sewing Centre covering 35 women Rs. 6000 per year	25 artisans provided with tools	1 group for fish vending Rs. 250000	19 children Rs. 9000	-	Site dispute cleared for initiating the programme	5 Members Rs. 10000	Non-formal education centre for 30 school drop-outs Rs. 6000 per year 3 Anganwadi Centres for 150 children by ICDS Rs. 30600 per year + supplementary nutrition	1 CHV Rs. 14400 per year
8.	Shramika Nagar	21	1 Sewing Centre covering 18 women Rs. 6000 per year	5 artisans provided with tools	1 group	-	-	-	2 Members Rs. 4000	1 Balwadi Centre for 50 children Rs. 6000 per year	1 CHV Rs. 14400 per year
9.	Resapuvanipalem	24	-	10 artisans provided with tools	-	-	16	-	4 Members Rs. 8000	1 Balwadi Centre for 50 children Rs. 6000 per year	1 CHV Rs. 14400 per year
10.	Srinivasa Nagar	45	-	4 artisans provided with tools	-	-	6	-	3 Members Rs. 6000	1 Balwadi Centre for 50 children Rs. 6000 per year	1 CHV Rs. 14400 per year
11.	Kunchamma Colony	45	1 Sewing Centre covering 20 women Rs. 6000 per year	18 artisans provided with tools	-	-	-	-	3 Members Rs. 6000	1 Balwadi Centre for 50 children Rs. 6000 per year	1 CHV Rs. 14400 per year

An amount of Rs. 0.4 Million is proposed to be deposited with the concerned CDS with clear guidelines on how to utilize the funds released. Municipal Corporation will execute an agreement with CDS on where to utilize the money and make the CDS responsible for the funds released in respect of giving loans and its recovery. A total amount of Rs. 2.0 million is proposed to be allocated for the scheme.

Group activity such as garment production center would be established where potential groups with infrastructure facilities are available. An amount of Rs. 0.15 million is proposed to be allocated for organising one training cum production center.

Community Infrastructure Works

It is proposed to take up community infrastructure works such as CC Roads, Drains, and maintenance works in the slum areas by involving the community in the execution and implementation of works to achieve the objectives of community capacity building, environmental sanitation and economic upliftment to that particular community. An amount of Rs. 3.0 million is proposed to be allocated for this purpose.

Awareness Building

It is proposed to organise training programmes, work-shops and seminars for different community groups, NGOs and UCD field staff to build their capacities for optimal participation in various slum programmes. The particulars are given below:

Sl. No.	Particulars	Amount (Rupees)
1.	Workshop on Microplanning involving CDS/NGOs/MCV staff	50,000
2.	100 Health Awareness camps covering 3000 women	60,000
3.	Entrepreneurial development programme for 10 women groups consisting of 10 to 15 members in each group	50,000
4.	Specialist health camps (25 camps)	125,000
5.	Miscellaneous expenditure	15,000
	Total	300,000

Consolidated Statement

S. No.	Particulars		Amount (Million Rupees)
1.	Income generation schemes
		(a) Individual loan programme	2.00
		(b) Garment production center	0.15
2.	Community infrastructure works		3.00
3.	Awareness building		0.30
	Total		5.45

City Level Investment Plan

In accordance with the concept visualised in the UNCHS programme, the city of Visakhapatnam has worked out a city level investment plan for improvement and upgradation of slum areas in the future. This has been concretised with the full participation of the community organisations who have themselves interfaced with the UCD department and prioritised their requirements in accordance with the felt needs of the communities living within the slums of the city. The plan clearly identifies the individual components as well as the finances required. The Plan is stratified into the following broad components:-

· Infrastructure
· Socio-economic development
· Educational programmes
· Training programmes
· Health and sanitation
· Social security measures

Table 4.5 City Level Investment Plan

Name of the Component	Estimated Investment (Million Rupees)
I. INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Water Supply	15.0
2. Roads	15.0
3. Drains	10.0
4. Street Lighting	2.5
5. Toilets	10.0
6. Multipurpose Community Halls	5.0
7. Night Shelter for Urban Foot Path Dwellers	1.0
Total	58.5
II. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
1. Financial Assistance to NGOs for UPA Programmes	2.0
2. Vocational Training Courses (SJSRY)	6.0
3. Self Employment Schemes (2000 Beneficiaries under SJSRY)	45.95
4. DWACUA groups (50 groups under SJSRY)	7.65
5. CMEY Programme (275 groups)	27.5
6. Thrift and Credit Programme	2.5
7. Craft Centres	6.00
Total	92.2
III. EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES
1. Early Childhood Education	1.5
2. Supplementary Nutrition for Pre-School Children	2.0
3. Equipment for Pre-School Centres	0.5
4. Day Care Centres	0.5
5. Adult and Non-formal Education Centres	0.5
6. Supply of TVs	1.0
7. Supply of Library Books	0.2
8. Supply of Sports Equipments	0.3
9. Cultural Programmes & Exchange Visits	2.0
Total	8.5
IV. TRAINING PROGRAMMES
1. Gender Sensitization	0.3
2. Legal Literacy & Family Counseling	0.5
3. Leadership Trainings	0.5
4. Food & Nutrition Training Programme	0.2
5. Health Awareness & Environmental Sanitation	0.5
Total	2.0
V. HEALTH AND SANITATION
1. Primary Health Care Centres	3.5
2. Ambulance Services	1.0
3. Clinical Laboratory	0.5
4. Community Contracts for Sanitation (DWACUA)	5.0
5. Integrated Low Cost Sanitation	26.0
Total	36.0
OTHER SOCIAL SECURITY MEASURES
1. National Oldage Pensions Scheme
2. National Family Benefit Fund Scheme
3. Balika Samrudhi Yojana
GRAND TOTAL	197.2