In-service training workshops and conferences

Most developing countries host In-Service Training sessions, usually in the form of subject-specific national teachers' conferences. These provide an excellent opportunity to meet other teachers experiencing similar problems. They also provide an opportunity to discuss and present new ideas, make recommendations to the ministry regarding educational policies and practices, and form networks. One important role such conferences play is modeling -- by following the format of lectures, presentations and workshops typically found at national teachers' conferences, teachers can return to their assigned towns and organize similar activities. For example, if there are five English teachers in one town, they can organize their own "mini-conference" in a local school and share teaching methods, materials, and ideas.