Small-Scale Oil Extraction from Groundnuts and Copra (ILO - WEP, 1983, 128 p.): (introduction...)

Small-Scale Oil Extraction from Groundnuts and Copra (ILO - WEP, 1983, 128 p.)

(introduction...)

Acknowledgements

Preface

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION

(introduction...)

I.1 Scope of the memorandum

I.2. Oilseeds considered in the memorandum

I.3. Technologies covered by the memorandum and target audience

I.4. Summary of remaining chapters

CHAPTER II. PRE-PROCESSING OF COCONUTS AND GROUNDNUTS

(introduction...)

II.1. Raw materials

(introduction...)

II.1.1. Copra

II.1.2. Groundnuts

II.2 Pre-processing of coconuts

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II.2.1 Harvesting

II.2.2 Husking

II.2.3 Shelling

II.2.4 Drying

II.2.5 Bagging

II.2.6 Storage

II.3. Pre-processing of groundnuts

(introduction...)

II.3.1. Harvesting

II.3.2. Field drying

II.3.3. Shelling

II.3.4. Bagging

II.3.5. Storage

CHAPTER III. OIL EXTRACTION FROM GROUNDNUTS AND COPRA

(introduction...)

III.1: Power ghani mill

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III.1.1. Pretreatment stages

III.1.2. Oil extraction by pressing

III.1.3. Post-treatment stages

III.1.4. Ancillary stages

III.1.5. Equipment

III.1.6. Daily requirements

III.1.7. Labour requirements

III.1.8. Layout of operations

III.1.9. Daily output

III.2. Baby expeller mill

(introduction...)

III.2.1. Pretreatment stages

III.2.2. Oil extraction by pressing

III.2.3. Post-treatment stages

III.2.4. Ancillary stages

III.2.5. Equipment

III.2.6. Daily requirements

III.2.7. Labour requirements

III.2.8. Layout of operations

III.2.9. Daily output

III.3. Small package expeller mill

(introduction...)

III.3.1. Pretreatment stages

III.3.2. Oil extraction by pressing

III.3.3. Post-treatment stages

III.3.4. Ancillary stages

III.3.5. Equipment

III.3.6. Daily requirements

III.3.7. Labour requirements

III.3.8. Layout of operations

III.4. Medium and large expeller mills, solvent extraction plants and wet-processing plants

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III.4.1. Medium expeller mills

III.4.2. Large expeller mills

III.4.3. Solvent extraction plants

III.4.4. Wet-processing (for copra only)

CHAPTER IV. ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF OIL PROCESSING

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IV.1. Methodological framework for the estimation of production costs and revenues

IV.2. Assumptions made in economic evaluation of alternative oil extraction technologies

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IV.2.1. Fixed investment cost factors

IV.2.2. Interest rates and discount factors1

IV.2.3. Raw material prices

IV.2.4. Annual cost of various inputs used in oil extraction and packaging

IV.2.5. Wages

IV.2.6. Product prices

IV.3. Case study: two-ghani-power mill

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IV.3.1. Two-ghani (power) unit mill: oil extraction from copra

IV.3.2. Two-ghani (power) unit mill: oil extraction from groundnuts

IV.4. Economic comparison of alternative oil extraction technologies

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IV.4.1. Total investment costs

IV.4.2. Annual costs and revenues

IV.4.3. Annual gross profits

IV.5. Break-even prices of raw materials and oil

IV.5.1. Break-even prices of raw materials

IV.5.2. Break-even prices of oil

IV.5.3. Concluding remarks on raw materials and oil prices

CHAPTER V. SOCIO-ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE OIL EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGIES

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V.1. Employment impact

V.2. Skills requirements

V.3. Investment and foreign exchange costs

V.4. Multiplier effects

V.5. Energy and water requirements

V.6. Suggested policy measures for the promotion of suitable oil extraction technologies

APPENDICES

Appendix. I: Present worth of an annuity factor

Appendix II: Equipment manufacturers

Appendix III: List of institutions and agencies involved in oil extraction

Appendix IV: List of directories which provide information on equipment manufacturers

Appendix V: Selected list of journals on oil extraction

Appendix VI: Selected bibliography

Other ILO publications

Back Cover

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Prepared under the joint auspices of the International Labour Office and the United National Industrial Development Organisation

World Employed Programme

International Labour Office
Geneva

The World Employment Programme (WEP) was launched by the International Labour Organisation in 1969, as the ILO’s main contribution to the International Development Strategy for the Second United Nations Development Decade.

The means of action adopted by the WEP have included the following:

- short-term high-level advisory missions:
- longer-term national or regional employment teams: and
- a wide-ranging research programme.

Through these activities the ILO has been able to help national decision-makers to reshape their policies and plans with the aim of eradicating mass poverty and unemployment.

A landmark in the development of the WEP was the World Employment Conference of 1976. which proclaimed inter alia that “strategies and national development plans should include as a priority objective the promotion of employment and the satisfaction of the basic needs of each country’s population”. The Declaration of Principles and Programme of Action adopted by the Conference will remain the cornerstone of WEP technical assistance and research activities during the 1980s.

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ILO
UNIDO
Small-scale oil extraction from groundnuts and copra
Geneva, International Labour Office, 1983. Technology Series, Technical Memorandum
No. 5

/Technical memorandum/,/Small-scale industry/,/Agriproduct processing/,/Vegetable oil/,/Nut/s,/Developing country/s. 08.06.2

ISBN 92-2-103503-4
ISSN 0252-2004

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