Ethnoveterinary Medicine in Asia : Swine (IIRR, 1994, 72 p.): Internal parasites

Ethnoveterinary Medicine in Asia : Swine (IIRR, 1994, 72 p.)

		(introduction...)
		Collaborating organizations
		Participants and workshop staff
		How to use this manual
		Lack of appetite
		Fever
		Coughs and colds
		Diarrhea and dehydration
		Constipation
		Poisoning
		Internal parasites
		Pork tapeworm
		Scabies or mite infestation
		Lice
		Infectious diseases
		Problems of the eye
		Wounds
		Sprains
		Housing
		Feeding
		Breeding
		Care of newborn
		Udder infection
		Anemia in piglets

Internal parasites

Symptoms

- Loss of appetite.
- Diarrhea.
- Anemia.
- Weight loss.
- Coughing.
- Slow growth.
- Dull, thick hair without the normal luster.
- Live worms expelled from the feces.

Cause

Roundworms and lungworms are transmitted by eating feed or drinking water that is contaminated. Worms affect animals of all ages and both sexes. They can be spread to people through hands contaminated with worm eggs. Also, worms can spread to humans who eat vegetables contaminated with eggs from pig manure used as fertilizer.

Prevention

- Keep animals and surroundings clean.

- Deworm the animals at least every 3 months. Or repeat the first deworming after 21 days to break the life cycle of the roundworm; then repeat every 3 months.

- Clean your hands with soap and water after feeding, treating or cleaning the animals to get rid of any worm eggs.

- Wash all vegetables before eating, especially those raised with pig manure as fertilizer.

Treatment

Treatment should preferably be done in the morning so you can check whether worms are expelled in the feces later in the day.

For lungworm

- Pound 6 handfuls (300 g) of mature, fresh fruit of Diospyros mollis. Squeeze the ground sample through a cheesecloth to get the extract. Mix 3 tablespoons of epsom salt (magnesium sulfate) in the extract. Mix with 1 bottle of water. Drench with 1 teaspoon of the medicinal juice per 5 kg of body weight. Treatment requires only 1 dose.

For roundworm (Ascaris species)

Treatments for roundworm

Scientific name	Common name	Parts used	Preparation	Application	Dosage
Anona squamosa	Sugar apple	Air-dried leaves	Crush leaves. Add a little water.	Give as drench.	15 g/50 kg body weight. Repeat treatment after 21 days and every 3 months thereafter. (Cambodia, India, Philippines, Thailand .1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
Areca catechu	Betel nut	Ripe, air- dried nut	Grind. Add a little water.	Give as drench.	15 mg/50 kg body weight. Repeat treatment after 21 days and every 3 months thereafter. (Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand. 1,2,3,4,5)
Artemisia vulgaris		Air-dried leaves	Grid, then add a little water. Hand- squeeze to get the juice.	Give as drench.	0.1 - 1.0 ml/kg body weight for small animals, 1.0 -1.5 ml/kg body weight for larger animals. Repeat treatment after 21 days and every 3 months thereafter.
Leucaena leucocephala	Leucaena	Air-dried, ripe seeds	Pound seeds to powder.	Mix powder into feed.	30 g powder for every 10 kg body weight. Repeat treatment after 3 months.
Leucaena leucocephala	Leucaena	Ripe, air-dried seeds	Grind seeds Add a little water.	Give as drench.	15 g/kg body weight. Repeat after 21 days and every 3 months thereafter.
Momordica charantia	Bitter gourd	Air dried leaves	Boil the leaves. For every 1 part leaves, use 2 parts water. Take the liquid and dilute the liquid with coconut milk in 1:1 ratio.	Give as drench.	6 ml per 10 kg body weight. Repeat treatment after 3 months.
Moringa oleifera	Horseradish tree	Air-dried, ripe seeds	Pound seeds to powder.	Mix powder into feed.	30 g powder per 10 kg body weight. Repeat treatment after 3 months.
Plumeria acuminate		Air-dried bark	Add 30 ml water for every 60 9 bark. Grind. Boil the ground bark for 15-20 minutes. Strain to get the liquid.	Give as drench.	0.2 - 0.5 ml/kg body weight. Repeat treatment after 21 days and every 3 months thereafter.
Tamarindus indica	Tamarind	Air-dried leaves or bark	For every 30 g of leaves or bark, add 4 cups water, then pound Boil the mixture for 15-20 minutes. Strain to get the liquid.	Give as drench.	5 -10 ml/kg body weight. Repeat treatment after 21 days and every 3 months there after.