 | Safe Blood in Developing Countries - The Lessons from Uganda (EC, 1995, 151 p.) |
 |  | (introduction...) |
| | Quotation |
| | Foreword by the Uganda Minister of Health |
|  | Foreword by Commissioner Professor Pinheiro |
| | (introduction...) |
| | What the blood transfusion service has done for Kabarole hospital |
| | Some facts about Uganda |
| | Section One - Introduction and summary |
| | Chapter One - Safe blood and HIV/AIDS: The Uganda achievement |
| | (introduction...) |
| | The tragedy of the haemophiliacs |
| | Infections carried by blood |
| | The unique features of Africa |
| | The global blood safety initiative |
| | The Uganda blood transfusion service: A portrait |
| | The wider contribution of the UBTS |
| | The view from an up-country hospital |
| | The matter of costs |
| | The dynamics of the project |
| | A complex organisation |
| | A view from Mulago hospital, Kampala |
| | Four questions about AID |
| | The first visit for the EC |
| | Dr John Watson-Williams enters the scene |
| | Section Two - Background: Uganda's history, health, and the HIV/AIDS epidemic |
| | Chapter Two - Uganda's political and physical health: A brief history |
| | A. The political background |
| | B. The health of the nation |
| | C. Safe and unsafe blood in Uganda |
| | Chapter Three - AIDS in Uganda: A glimmer of hope? |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Extent of aids in Uganda |
| | Mobilising to deal with HIV/AIDS |
| | The evidence for 'a glimmer of hope' |
| | Voluntary mass HIV testing as a route to behaviour change |
| | Section Three - The story of the Uganda blood transfusion service |
| | Chapter Four - How the European commission got involved |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Dr Lieve Fransen's report |
| | The 1987 plan |
| | The 1987 starting position |
| | The role of the Red Cross |
| | Chapter Five - Phase one of the project 1988-1990 |
| | (introduction...) |
| | A plan for blood donors |
| | The problem of laboratory space |
| | The problem of staffing |
| | Staff structure and training |
| | The need for special skills |
| | Reconstruction of the Nakasero building |
| | Chapter Six - Phase two: Creation of a national service 1990-1991 |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Role of other donors |
| | Staff recruitment |
| | Regional blood banks |
| | Voluntary testing for HIV |
| | Supervision and quality control |
| | Section Four - Evaluation: The view from Kampala |
| | Chapter Seven - The costs and benefits of safe blood in Uganda |
| | A. The costs |
| | B. The benefits to HIV prevention |
| | C. Some other benefits |
| | Chapter Eight - Interview with Dr Peter Kataaha, Director, Uganda blood transfusion service |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Flying to the rescue |
| | Chapter Nine - Interview with Dr Samuel Okware |
| | Section Five - Key issues in blood transfusion: The Uganda experience |
| | Chapter Ten - The search for safer blood and the drive for voluntary, unpaid blood donors |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Costs of relatives versus volunteers |
| | Future strategies: Donor clubs |
| | Chapter Eleven - The organisation of a blood transfusion service |
| | (introduction...) |
| | 1. A centralised organisation |
| | 2. A regional system |
| | 3. A hospital-based system |
| | 4. A mixed system |
| | The Zambian solution |
| | Chapter Twelve - Blood transfusion takes many skills: The importance of training |
| | (introduction...) |
| | A. Training of Nakasero staff |
| | B. Training of hospital staff |
| | C. Residential courses for hospital staff |
| | D. Training at schools for medical assistants |
| | E. Training of senior professional staff |
| | Chapter Thirteen - Other issues, and their solutions |
| | (introduction...) |
| | 1. Which diseases are screened against - and which are not? and why not? |
| | 2. The special problem of malaria |
| | 3. Adapting laboratory methods |
| | 4. The start-up equipment - and computer |
| | 5. Transport, for people, supplies, and blood |
| | 6. Voice and data communications - or lack of |
| | 7. Funding staff salaries in a time of inflation |
| | 8. Keeping records, or trying to |
| | 9. All or only some hospitals? |
| | The editor adds: |
| | Appendices |
| | Appendix 1: EC support for safe blood in developing countries |
| | Appendix 2: Useful references |
Some facts about Uganda
Uganda straddles the Equator, and at about 236,000 square kilometres is about the same size as Great Britain or the state of Oregon, USA. Uganda is bordered by Kenya, Sudan, Zaire, Rwanda and Tanzania. Most of the country is high, at over 1,000 metres in altitude, and almost 25 per cent of the country's surface is water, thanks to several large lakes, the largest being Lake Victoria, Africa's biggest lake, source of the Nile, and shared between Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya. The country is mostly very fertile, with agriculture making up around 60 per cent of GDP and coffee, tea and tobacco being main exports. Some figures for Uganda are:
|
Population |
about 17 million |
|
Population growth rate |
about 2.8 per cent a year |
|
Fertility rate |
7.2 children/woman |
|
Maternal mortality rate |
550 per 100,000 births |
|
Life expectancy (1993) |
less than 50 years |
|
Malnutrition of under-5s |
45 per cent |
|
Population per doctor |
24,700 |
|
Population per nurse |
8,900 |
|
Gross National Product (GNP) per head |
about $170 |
|
Health share of GNP |
2 per cent |
|
Education share of GNP |
15 per cent |
|
Defence share of GNP |
26 per cent |
|
Top 5 causes of morbidity, 1992 | |
|
- Malaria |
19 per cent |
|
- Diarrhoea |
9 per cent |
|
- Measles |
7 per cent |
|
- Pneumonia |
6 per cent |
|
- Anaemia |
6 per
cent |
|
|