 | Human Rights, Health and Nutrition (ACC/SCN, 1999, 32 p.) |
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Appendix A - Human Rights Matrices
Matrix: Tripartite typology of State obligations with
regard to the right to health
Brigit CA Toebes
------Health Care ------ // ------ Underlying Preconditions for Health ------
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Health Care |
Family Planning and Pre- and Postnatal Care |
Water and Sanitation |
Environmental and Industrial Health |
Physical Integrity |
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Respect |
1) respect for equal access to health care including preventive services 2) no interference with the provision of health care 3) no interference with the provision of health care related information |
4) respect for equal access to family planning services and pre- and postnatal care 5) no interference with the provision of such services by others 6) no interference with the provision of information on such services |
7) respect for equal access to water and sanitation 8) no interference with the provision of water and sanitation 9) no interference with the provision of information on water and sanitation |
10) abstention from environmental and industrial policies detrimental to health 11) no interference with environmental and industrial health-related information |
12) abstention from harmful traditional practices* 13) no interference with information about harmful effects of such practices |
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Protect |
14) adoption of legislation and other measures in order to assure adequate access to health care provided by third parties 15) adoption of legislation and other measures in order assure that adequate information on health care is provided by third parties |
16) adoption of legislation and other measures in order to assure adequate access to family planning and pre- and postnatal care provided by third parties 17) assurance of adequate provision of information on such services by third parties |
18) adoption of legislation and other measures in order to assure adequate access to water and sanitation provided by third parties 19) assurance of adequate provision of information on such services by third parties |
20) adoption of legislation and other measures for protection against environmental and industrial health infringements by third parties, particularly in the field of environmental health 21) assurance of adequate dissemination of information of environmental health risks by third parties |
22) adoption of legislation and other measures for protection against harmful traditional practices 23) assurance of adequate provision of information on such harmful practices by third parties |
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Fulfil |
24) provision of health care services 25) provision of health care related information |
26) provision of family planning services and pre- and post-natal care, and granting the latter services latter free of charge to clients if necessary 27) provision of information on such services |
28) provision of water and sanitation 29) provision of information on water and sanitation |
30) measures to ensure and promote a healthy environment 31) provision of information about environmental health issues |
32) measures to ensure and promote freedom from harmful traditional practices 33) provision of information on such harmful practices |
* Harmful traditional practices include practices prejudicial to the health of children and women, such as female circumcision or female genital mutilation; traditional birth practices such as dietary restrictions, preferential treatment for male children such as differential feeding patterns, and also forced feeding, early marriage, adolescent childbearing, teenage pregnancies, and ritual enslavement of girls. Source: Toebes 1999, p 258, pp. 314-315.
HUMAN RIGHTS MATRIX by Urban Jonsson of
UNICEF*
STRATEGIES TO ENSURE THAT THE GOVERNMENT (STATE) MEETS THE
OBLIGATION IN RELATIONS TO THE RIGHT TO BE BREASTFED
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ADVOCACY |
CAPACITY BUILDING |
SERVICE DELIVERY |
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RESPECT |
Advocacy for a national breastfeeding policy |
Curricula for training of medical doctors to include the benefits of breastfeeding | |
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PROTECT |
Advocacy for legislation against aggressive marketing of breastmilk substitutes |
Training of health workers |
Implementation of the BFHI |
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FULFIL | |
Support the establishment of Mother Support Groups in Communities |
Provide free pre- and post-natal health care Provide food rations to lactating mothers |
*Since this matrix was created, the State obligations to ‘facilitate’ and ‘provide’ have become recognized as subdivisions of the State obligation to ‘fulfil’. The SCN Secretariat modified this matrix to fit with this terminology.
Human Rights Matrix by Urban Jonsson,
UNICEF*
BREASTFEEDING RIGHTS DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS AT DIFFERENT
LEVELS OF SOCIETY
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HOUSEHOLD |
COMMUNITY |
GOVERNMENT |
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RESPECT |
To have an attitude that breastfeeding is best for both girls and boys |
To assist in the promotion of breastfeeding |
To constantly promote breastfeeding |
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PROTECT |
To avoid buying breastmilk substitutes |
To inform people about the importance of Breastfeeding |
To protect people against misinformation |
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FULFIL |
To assist in household work during lactation |
To assist in reducing the workload of lactating mothers |
To provide basic mother and child health care |
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To ensure that the lactating mother eats well |
To provide food to poor households with lactating mothers |
To ensure household food security |
*Since this matrix was created, the State obligations to ‘facilitate’ and ‘provide’ have become recognized as subdivisions of the State obligation to ‘fulfil’. The SCN Secretariat modified this matrix to fit with this terminology.
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