Teacher Training: a Reference Manual (Peace Corps, 1986, 176 p.): Chapter 3 collaboration: Tapping and developing material resources

Teacher Training: a Reference Manual (Peace Corps, 1986, 176 p.)

(introduction...)

Acknowledgements

Introduction

Peace corps and teacher training

Format of the teacher training reference manual

Uses of the manual

Chapter 1 what a teacher trainer needs to know

(introduction...)

Understanding comparative educational systems

The education system

The teacher training system

Needs assessment

Adult learning

(introduction...)

Andragogy vs. pedagogy

Personal learning styles

Motivation

Considerations in designing a training program

(introduction...)

Defining program goals and

Selecting topic areas

Designing learning activities

Training rhythm and flow

Incorporating program evaluation

Analyzing training constraints

Training techniques

(introduction...)

1. Ice Breaker:

2. Brainstorming:

4. Demonstrations:

5. Games/Simulations/Structured Experiences:

6. Small Groups (Diads, Triads, and More):

7. Role Play:

8. Fishbowl:

9. Field Trips:

10. Interviews:

11. Panels:

12. Case Studies:

13. Critical Incidents:

14. Micro-teaching:

15. Peer Training:

Supervision

(introduction...)

Clinical supervision

Observation

Observation techniques

Data collection

Final considerations for the trainer

Assessing personal training constraints

Reassessing teacher needs

Chapter 2 what a teacher needs to know

Understanding the educational process

Needs assessment, aims, goals and general objectives

Approaches to teaching

(introduction...)

Sources of teaching approaches

Summary chart of approaches

Choosing an approach

Recent research in teacher effectiveness

Adapting teaching approaches to the cultural setting

Child and adolescent learning

(introduction...)

Developmental Theories

(introduction...)

The cognitive domain

The affective domain

The psychomotor domain

Information processing

(introduction...)

Basic sensory perception

Learning styles

Grouping strategies

Considerations in cross-cultural settings

Subject-specific considerations

Instructional objectives

(introduction...)

Writing a complete objective

Categories of instructional objectives

Verbs to use in writing objectives

Avoiding errors in stating objectives

Subject-specific verbs

Lesson planning

(introduction...)

What teachers say about planning

What's in a plan

Planning daily lessons

Writing a lesson plan

Lesson plan format

Sequencing and long-range planning

Choosing from alternatives

Classroom teaching techniques

(introduction...)

Teacher-centered and student-centered techniques

Teacher-centered techniques

The lecture method

Question and answer

Recitation and drill

Student-centered techniques

(introduction...)

Small group formation

Brainstorm

Role play

Games and simulations

Drama and music

Field trips

Individualized learning and student projects

Materials development and resource utilization

(introduction...)

Instructional materials and the learning process

Using what is available

Producing educational materials

Using materials in the classroom

Evaluating instructional materials

Classroom management

(introduction...)

The physical aspects of the classroom

Curriculum design considerations

Expectations and limits

Support systems

Teacher attitude

Teaching routines

Teacher on stage

Addressing individual needs

Handling discipline problems

Using the least amount of necessary discipline

Assessment of student learning

(introduction...)

Assessment techniques

(introduction...)

Choosing an assessment technique

Testing

(introduction...)

Constructing a test

Administering a test

Scoring a test

Analysing test results

Implications for instruction

Self-assessment

Reviewing the educational process

Chapter 3 collaboration

(introduction...)

Tapping human resources

(introduction...)

In-service training workshops and conferences

Advisory groups

Classroom observation/critiquing

Team teaching

Tapping and developing material resources

Informal collaborative activities

Collaboration skills

(introduction...)

Organization

Communication

Feedback/ critiquing

Working in groups

Leadership

Networking

Appendix

(introduction...)

Flanders' interaction analysis (from chapter 1 - Supervision)

Tapping and developing material resources

Because material resources are always in short supply, curriculum and materials development is always an issue. As with human resources, two basic questions are:

° How and where can needed materials be procured? and
° How can we mobilize the resources we already have?

These questions and the issues associated with them are dealt with in great detail in the Materials Development and Resource Utilization section of the Manual. One particularly effective way to share materials and techniques among teachers involves the creation of newsletters and material exchange or resource centers. Some of the functions these serve are to:

1. PROVIDE AN INCENTIVE TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL STANDARDS by:

° Opening up a channel through which students and teachers can read and share their own contributions.
° Giving teachers new ideas for lesson planning, creative classroom techniques, etc..
° Encouraging further innovation.

2. PROMOTE A SENSE OF LOCAL IDENTITY AND PRIDE by:

° Disseminating locally-generated knowledge, and
° Providing a means of publicizing local and national issues.

3. RAISE AWARENESS OF EDUCATIONAL ISSUES by:

° Revealing material and curricular discrepancies from region to region, and
° Informing the ministry of educational needs.

Admittedly, these goals are ideal and in many cases simply unattainable. Resistance to innovation often proves to be a mightier force than the greatest enthusiasm. Still, to the extent that these goals are desirable by Volunteers and host country nationals alike, they are worth bearing in mind and pursuing to the extent possible.

ACTIVITY BOX

Does your school currently publish some kind of regular newsletter? If not, what material resources exist at the school with which to publish one?