 | Photovoltaic Household Electrification Programs - Best Practices (WB) |
 |  | (introduction...) |
| | Foreword |
| | Acknowledgments |
|  | Executive summary |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Overcoming the first cost barrier |
| | Establishing responsive and sustainable infrastructure |
| | Providing quality products and services |
| | The role of governments and donors |
| | Abbreviations and acronyms |
| | Introduction |
| | The place for photovoltaics |
| | (introduction...) |
| | The solar home system |
| | The cost of solar home systems |
| | The solar home system niche |
| | Consumer perceptions |
| | The economics of PV household electrification |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Solar home systems vs. kerosene and automotive batteries |
| | Solar home systems vs. grid-based power supply |
| | Load growth impact |
| | Barriers to affordability |
| | (introduction...) |
| | First cost barriers |
| | High transaction costs |
| | Market distortions |
| | Institutional models |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Energy service company (ESCO) |
| | Leasing arrangements |
| | Consumer financing |
| | Cash sales |
| | The role of governments and donor agencies |
| | Role of the world bank and other donors |
| | Attaining financial sustainability |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Terms and conditions |
| | Pricing strategies |
| | Grants and subsidies |
| | Enforcing repayments |
| | Financing battery replacements |
| | Technical requirements |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Hardware design |
| | Standards and specifications |
| | Other technical considerations |
| | Quality control |
| | Maintenance services |
| | Educating users |
| | Best practices: conclusions and recommendations |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Overcome the first cost barrier |
| | Establish a sustainable infrastructure |
| | Quality products and services |
| | Government support |
| | Donor support |
| | Annex 1 : ASTAE case studies in PV household electrification |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Indonesia |
| | Sri Lanka |
| | The Philippines |
| | The Dominican Republic |
| | Conclusions |
| | Annex 2 : Economic and financial comparisons of rural energy alternatives |
| | (introduction...) |
| | Energy requirements |
| | Criteria for village selection |
| | Rural energy alternatives |
| | Least-cost comparison (economic basis) |
| | Least-cost comparison (financial basis) |
| | Case studies: productive loads and load growth |
| | Conclusions |
| | References |
| | Distributors of World Bank Publications |
| | Recent World Bank technical papers |
Donor support
8.19 Donor assistance is most effective when integrated into a broader rural energy or rural development plan. Donors should coordinate their support with those of governments, local organizations, other donors, and private sector stakeholders. Donor help is needed for investment financing and technology transfer. Isolated "demonstration" programs should be avoided unless they have adequate long-term support and the prospects for replication are strong. The World Bank and other multilateral banks can actively help governments develop solar and other renewable energy options, where these options meet economic, technical, and institutional needs. Donors can encourage governments to reduce or remove barriers to the economic use of solar home systems. Donors should also strengthen their own ability to identify and assess rural energy options, and make financial resources available through their bilateral and multilateral aid programs to help prepare and implement household PV projects.
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