 | Daughters of Sysiphus |
 |  | Premises of the study |
|  | Premise one |
| | Premise two |
| | Premise three |
| | The need for this study |
| | Jamaica - A background |
| | Population |
| | Natural hazards and disasters |
| | Economy |
| | Politics |
| | Urban kingston |
| | Historical aspects of the household in Jamaica |
| | Shelter policies |
| | The construction labour force |
| | Overview of findings and recommendations |
| | Household distribution |
| | Occupations and education |
| | Expenditure |
| | Savings and loans |
| | Density |
| | Tenure and mobility |
| | Physical and social infrastructure |
| | The building process |
| | Methodology |
| | Low-income household survey |
| | Case studies |
| | Methodological issues |
| | Education and occupations |
| | Education |
| | Occupations |
| | The stories behind the figures |
| | Recommendations |
| | Expenditure |
| | Expenditure on shelter |
| | Expenditure on food |
| | The stories behind the figures |
| | How to spend a windfall |
| | The stories behind the windfall figures |
| | Differences between men and women in money management |
| | Spending on entertainment |
| | Recommendations |
| | Savings and loans |
| | Savings |
| | Attitudes towards the partner |
| | Choices of form of saving |
| | Recommendations |
| | Density |
| | Household size |
| | Number of people per room |
| | The yard |
| | The experience behind the figures |
| | Recommendation |
| | Mobility and tenure |
| | Mobility |
| | The stories behind the figures |
| | The experience behind the figures |
| | Recommendations |
| | Infrastructure - physical and social |
| | Water |
| | Electricity |
| | Fuel |
| | Garbage |
| | Social infrastructure |
| | Recommendations |
| | The building process |
| | Building a house |
| | Investing in improvements |
| | The stories behind the figures |
| | Vulnerability to natural hazards |
| | Recommendations |
| | Conclusions, guidelines and further research |
| | Some guidelines for public-sector housing and shelter agencies |
| | Suggestions for further research |
| | Bibliography |
| | Annexes |
| | Annex I - Glossary of terms |
| | Annex II - Overview of the women who served as case studies |
| | Annex III - Lena |
Investing in improvements
Only 20 per cent of female heads of household had upgraded their dwellings as opposed to 24 per cent of male and 27 per cent of joint heads of household.
This is another reflection of the position of female heads of household in the rental rather than ownership or squatting tenure groups.
Respondents were asked whether their place had got better, stayed the same or got worse over the last five years. Whereas 33 per cent of female-headed households thought the place had got worse this was true of only 26 per cent of joint-headed households.
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