MEDICAL PERSONNEL/SUPPLIES

Decision

Indicator

1. Send medical/paramedical personnel

1. Increase in demand, etc.

2. Send drugs/medicines

2. Selective increase in frequency of certain illnesses

WATER SUPPLY

1. Establish temporary or emergency alternative water source

1. Total interruption of the normal system or interruption great enough to Jeopardize public health

Type of Source

Factor

1.1 Portable plant(s)

1.1a Size of the population(s) to be served

1.1b Source of the water/turbidity

1.1c Distance from the source

1.1d Cost of plant and transport

1.1e Weight and size of plant

1.1f Means and feasibility of transport

1.1g Expected duration of normal system interruption

1.1h Availability of trained operators and maintenance men

1.1i Power source

1.2 Distribution tank trucks

1.2a Distance of population from water source

1.2b Availability of sufficient fuel and appropriate vehicles

1.2c Feasibility of transportation

1.3 Water bags/containers at key points

1.3a Distance from source

1.3b Number of people to be served and their location

1.3c Means of transportation

2. Initiate small-scale chlorination

2. Poor quality of water at source

3. Recommend chlorination or boiling

3. Poor quality of drinking water at family level (bleach)

Factor

3.a Educational campaign

3.b Availability of bleach and/or fuel

4. Distribute chlorine tablets

Factor

4.a Availability of continual supplies

4.b Cost

4.c System of distribution

4.d Educational campaign and monitoring

5. Provide parts and equipment for system rehabilitation

5. Faulty parts/equipment (determined after detailed survey of the system)

SEWAGE DISPOSAL

Decision

Indicator

1. Provide parts and equipment for system rehabilitation

1. Faulty parts/equipment (determined after detailed survey of the system)

2. Provide alternative methods of sewage disposal

Factor

2.a Estimated rehabilitation time

2.b Severity of problem

SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL

Decision

Indicator

1. Obtain equipment for:

1. Inadequate collection/removal and dumping site

1.1 Debris removal

1.2 Reconditioning of dump

1.3 Garbage collection

HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

Decision

Indicator

1. Provide basic sanitation in settlement

1. Unsanitary living conditions

Factor

1.a Distance to established water source; its hygiene and accessibility

1.b Population density

2. Improve water supply system

2. Unsatisfactory condition of general water supply system

Method

Factor

2.a Connection to main

2.a Proximity to water source

2.b Trucks

2.b Safety of the water

Decision

Indicator

3. Provide sewage disposal system

3. Poor sewage disposal

Method

Factor

3.a Connection to main system

3.a Proximity to main sewerage and state of same

3.b Trench latrines

3.b Level of ground

3.c Depth of water table

3.d Population density

FOOD HYGIENE

Decision

Indicator

1. Provide additional personnel for food hygiene inspections

1. Infrequent inspections (determined after quick surveys)

Factor

1.a Availability of personnel

CORPSES

Decision

Indicator

1. Initiate mass burials

1. Large number of corpses

Factor

1.a Health hazard

1.b Local laws

1.c Local customs

MOSQUITOES

Decision

Indicator

1. Initiate spraying (and larval control)

1. Increase in vector population and breeding sites, and interruption of routine program

Factor

1.a Endemicity of disease

1.b Exposure of human groups to the mosquito

2. Pick best spraying time (and larvicide application)

2. Determination of biological life cycle

Factor

3. Select appropriate insecticide (larvacide)

3.a Sensitivity of the mosquito

3.b Availability

3.c Cost

3.d Familiarity to personnel

Factor

4. Order insecticide

4.a Amounts likely to be used in 6 months

4.b Availability in markets

4.c Cost

4.d Transport facilities

Factor

5. Request equipment

5.a Survey of existing resources

5.b Availability of fuel for vehicle-mounted equipment

OTHER PESTS

Decision

Indicator

1. Start dog-catching campaign

1. Increase in stray dogs reported to be biting

2. Import/bring rabies vaccine

2. Increase in number of dog bites in rabies-endemic areas

3. Import/bring snake venom serum

3. Increase in number of poisonous snakes and/or in proven cases of poisonous snake bites

FOOD AND NUTRITION

Decision

Indicator

1. Establish food aid program

1. Destruction of local crops and stocks; disruption of transport and marketing system and of community's earning capacity

Factor

1.a Previous prevalence of under nutrition

1.b Degree and expected duration of isolation

2. Select appropriate type of food (dry versus cooked, perishable versus stable, variety)

Factor

2.a Food habits

2.b Availability

2.c Cost

2.d Transport facilities

2.e Distribution facilities

2.f Fuel and cooking facilities

2.g Refrigeration

HEALTH CENTERS

Decision

Indicator

1. Provide relief supplies to center

1. Depleted supplies

Factor

1.a Available stock

1.b Present and expected demand

2. Provide laboratory back-up

2. Increased number of suspected disease cases of epidemic potential and no, or inadequate, local laboratory

3. Send additional health manpower

3. Manpower shortage, increased demand, remote referral centers

EVACUATION CAMPS

Decision

Indicator

1. Set up camp

1. Life-threatening conditions in area, destruction of housing and impossibility of providing other shelter on original terrain, and/ or spontaneous migration

2. Dismantle camp

2. Danger of epidemic within camp, danger to life passed, or camp found not Justified

3. Provide health and sanitation services

3. Camp set up and not possible to dismantle quickly, disease out breaks detected or predicted, unsanitary conditions, and/or no access to routine health care